我对 OracleDB 相当陌生。我正在考虑在不提供用户名和密码的情况下将客户端应用程序连接到服务器上的 Oracle DB。我的理解是否正确，这可以使用orapki钱包来实现？我正在使用我的笔记本电脑通过充当客户端和服务器来测试这一点。
我正在使用orapki为客户端和服务器端创建钱包，如下所示：
Create Server Wallet :
orapki wallet create -wallet "C:/app/wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -auto_login
orapki wallet add -wallet "C:/app/wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -dn "CN=MyHostName" -keysize 1024 -self_signed -validity 3650 -sign_alg sha256
orapki wallet export -wallet "C:/app/wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -dn "CN=MyHostName" -cert C:/app/wallet/MyHostName-certificate.crt
Create Client Wallet: [I choose CN name to match username for oracleDB login name, i.e., abcd]
orapki wallet create -wallet "C:/app/client_wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -auto_login
orapki wallet add -wallet "C:/app/client_wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -dn "CN=abcd" -keysize 1024 -self_signed -validity 3650 -sign_alg sha256
orapki wallet export -wallet "C:/app/client_wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -dn "CN=abcd" -cert C:/app/client_wallet/abcd-certificate.crt
将证书从一侧加载到另一侧的钱包中。
Load the server certificate into the client wallet.
orapki wallet add -wallet "C:/app/client_wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -trusted_cert -cert C:/app/wallet/MyHostName-certificate.crt
Load the Client certificate into the server wallet.
orapki wallet add -wallet "C:/app/wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -trusted_cert -cert C:/app/client_wallet/abcd-certificate.crt
显示钱包给出以下结果：
Server Wallet:
orapki wallet display -wallet "C:/app/wallet" -pwd Welcome1
Oracle PKI Tool : Version 12.1.0.2
Copyright (c) 2004, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Requested Certificates:
User Certificates:
Subject: CN=MyHostName
Trusted Certificates:
Subject: CN=abcd
Subject: CN=MyHostName
Client Wallet:
orapki wallet display -wallet "C:/app/client_wallet" -pwd Welcome1
Oracle PKI Tool : Version 12.1.0.2
Copyright (c) 2004, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Requested Certificates:
User Certificates:
Subject: CN=abcd
Trusted Certificates:
Subject: CN=MyHostName
Subject: CN=abcd
我从上面的理解是服务器和客户端现在相互信任，因此有利于建立连接。
服务器设置文件如下图：
tnsnames.ora
TCP_ACTIVE =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = MyHostName)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
TCPS_ACTIVE =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCPS)(HOST = MyHostName)(PORT = 1522))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
监听器.ora
SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION = TRUE
WALLET_LOCATION =
(SOURCE =
(METHOD = FILE)
(METHOD_DATA =
(DIRECTORY = C:\app\wallet)
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = C:\app\MyUser\product\12.1.0\dbhome_2)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
(ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:C:\app\MyUser\product\12.1.0\dbhome_2\bin\oraclr12.dll")
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = MyHostName)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCPS)(HOST = MyHostName)(PORT = 1522))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
sqlnet.ora
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (BEQ, TCPS, NTS)
SQLNET.WALLET_OVERRIDE = FALSE
#SSL_VERSION = 0
TRACE_LEVEL_CLIENT = SUPPORT
NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)
SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION = TRUE
WALLET_LOCATION =
(SOURCE =
(METHOD = FILE)
(METHOD_DATA =
(DIRECTORY = C:\app\wallet)
)
)
#SSL_CIPHER_SUITES= (SSL_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA)
我有一个使用 OCCI 和设置文件的简单 C++ 测试客户端，如下所示
tnsnames.ora
TCP_ACTIVE =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = MyHostName)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
TCPS_ACTIVE =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCPS)(HOST = MyHostName)(PORT = 1522))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
sqlnet.ora
TRACE_LEVEL_CLIENT=support
WALLET_LOCATION =
(SOURCE =
(METHOD = FILE)
(METHOD_DATA =
(DIRECTORY = C:\app\client_wallet)
)
)
SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION =TRUE
SSL_SERVER_DN_MATCH=OFF
TRACE_LEVEL_CLIENT = 16
TRACE_FILE_CLIENT = client_trace
TRACE_TIMESTAMP_CLIENT = ON
TRACE_DIRECTORY_CLIENT = C:\Client
DIAG_ADR_ENABLED=ON
我的服务器监听服务状态如下图：
LSNRCTL> status
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=MyHostName)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for 64-bit Windows: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 24-OCT-2019 19:46:17
Uptime 0 days 21 hr. 31 min. 25 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File C:\app\MyUser\product\12.1.0\dbhome_2\network\admin\listener.ora
Listener Log File C:\app\MyUser\diag\tnslsnr\MyHostName\listener\alert\log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=MyHostName)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=MyHostName)(PORT=1522)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(PIPENAME=\\.\pipe\EXTPROC1521ipc)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=MyHostName)(PORT=5500))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=C:\app\wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "CLRExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "CLRExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
当我尝试使用连接字符串“ TCP_ACTIVE ”连接到服务器并提供用户名和密码时，我能够正常连接
Environment *env = Environment::createEnvironment();
Connection *conn = env->createConnection(m_username.c_str(), m_password.c_str(), m_dbConnectionString.c_str());
“conn”中的连接似乎已经形成并且能够使用它来成功运行简单的查询。
但是当我尝试使用TCPS_ACTIVE连接字符串连接到服务器时，我只能在提供用户名和密码时才能连接。以下是我在未提供用户名和密码时收到的错误消息：
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
我很好奇是否可以使用钱包而不使用用户名和密码连接到服务器？如果是这样，我应该如何设置它以进行测试？
谢谢
PS：我已经研究过类似的问题，但我不明白设置是如何完成的。