如果您可以让您的代码密切关注时钟并在经过这么多秒后自愿返回,那通常是最好的方法;但是,由于您提到了看门狗,听起来您不想信任您的代码来执行此操作,因此(假设您有一个支持fork()的操作系统)您可以生成一个子进程来运行代码,然后父进程可以在 5 秒后单方面kill()子进程,然后启动一个新进程。这是一个例子,一个子进程计算随机数量的土豆,每秒一个;如果它试图计算超过 5 个,它将被父进程杀死。
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
// The code you want to be able to abort and restart would go in here
static void FunctionThatMightTakeALongTime()
{
srand(time(NULL)); // just so we get different random values each time
const int countTo = (rand()%12)+1;
for (int i=0; i<countTo; i++)
{
printf("%i potato... (out of %i)\n", i+1, countTo);
sleep(1);
}
}
int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
while(1)
{
pid_t pid = fork();
if (pid == -1)
{
perror("fork"); // fork() failed!?
return 10;
}
else if (pid == 0)
{
// We're in the child process -- do the thing
printf("Starting child process...\n");
FunctionThatMightTakeALongTime();
printf("Child process completed!\n");
return 0;
}
else
{
// We're in the parent/watchdog process -- wait
// 5 seconds, and then if the child process is
// still running, send it a SIGKILL signal to kill it.
// (if OTOH it has already exited, the SIGKILL isn't
// required but it won't do any harm either)
sleep(5);
printf("Watchdog: killing child process now\n");
if (kill(pid, SIGKILL) != 0) perror("kill");
// Now call waitpid() to pick up the child process's
// return code (otherwise he'll stick around as a zombie process)
if (waitpid(pid, NULL, 0) == -1) perror("waitpid");
}
}
}
注意:如果您的操作系统不支持fork()(即您的操作系统是 Windows),这种技术仍然是可行的,但它需要使用特定于 Windows 的 API,并且要实现的工作量要大得多。