自从创建了一个不同的 rails 项目以来，我在每个项目中都遇到了这个 mysql 要求错误。
我试过用捆绑器安装'mysql'和'mysql2'（即使我使用的是postgres）gem。我尝试过不同的 ruby 版本、不同的 rails 版本、不同的 bootsnap 版本，我从 rvm 切换到 rbenv。我的 Rails 项目都无法运行。
bootsnap 错误显示如下。/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require': 无法加载 'mysql' Active Record 适配器。确保适配器在 config/database.yml 中拼写正确，并且您已将必要的适配器 gem 添加到 Gemfile。（加载错误）
这是完整的追溯
/home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/app_loader.rb:53: warning: Insecure world writable dir /home/johan/.rbenv/versions in PATH, mode 040777
/home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require': Could not load the 'mysql' Active Record adapter. Ensure that the adapter is spelled correctly in config/database.yml and that you've added the necessary adapter gem to your Gemfile. (LoadError)
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:89:in `register'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:21:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:40:in `rescue in require'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:26:in `require'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:291:in `block in require'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:257:in `load_dependency'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:291:in `require'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activerecord-5.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:191:in `spec'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activerecord-5.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:956:in `establish_connection'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activerecord-5.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:60:in `establish_connection'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activerecord-5.2.3/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:136:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:71:in `instance_eval'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:71:in `block in execute_hook'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:62:in `with_execution_control'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:67:in `execute_hook'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:43:in `block in on_load'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:42:in `each'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:42:in `on_load'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activerecord-5.2.3/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:132:in `block in <class:Railtie>'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `instance_exec'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `run'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:61:in `block in run_initializers'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/2.5.0/tsort.rb:228:in `block in tsort_each'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/2.5.0/tsort.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/2.5.0/tsort.rb:431:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/2.5.0/tsort.rb:349:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/2.5.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/2.5.0/tsort.rb:347:in `call'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/2.5.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/2.5.0/tsort.rb:226:in `tsort_each'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/2.5.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:60:in `run_initializers'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/application.rb:361:in `initialize!'
from /mnt/c/users/j_tel/bin/fancapade-rails/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:21:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:30:in `require'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:291:in `block in require'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:257:in `load_dependency'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:291:in `require'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:48:in `require_relative'
from config.ru:3:in `block in <main>'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.7/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `instance_eval'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.7/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `initialize'
from config.ru:in `new'
from config.ru:in `<main>'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.7/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `eval'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.7/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `new_from_string'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.7/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `parse_file'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.7/lib/rack/server.rb:319:in `build_app_and_options_from_config'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.7/lib/rack/server.rb:219:in `app'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:27:in `app'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.7/lib/rack/server.rb:354:in `wrapped_app'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:89:in `log_to_stdout'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:51:in `start'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:147:in `block in perform'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:142:in `tap'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:142:in `perform'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/thor-0.20.3/lib/thor/command.rb:27:in `run'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/thor-0.20.3/lib/thor/invocation.rb:126:in `invoke_command'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/thor-0.20.3/lib/thor.rb:387:in `dispatch'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/command/base.rb:65:in `perform'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/command.rb:46:in `invoke'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:18:in `<top (required)>'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:21:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.4/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:30:in `require'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:291:in `block in require'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:257:in `load_dependency'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:291:in `require'
from /mnt/c/users/j_tel/bin/fancapade-rails/bin/rails:9:in `<top (required)>'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `load'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `call'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client.rb:30:in `run'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/spring-2.1.0/bin/spring:49:in `<top (required)>'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `load'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/2.5.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:59:in `require'
from /home/johan/.rbenv/versions/2.5.5/lib/ruby/2.5.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:59:in `require'
from /mnt/c/users/j_tel/bin/fancapade-rails/bin/spring:15:in `<top (required)>'
from bin/rails:3:in `load'
from bin/rails:3:in `<main>'
=> Booting Puma
=> Rails 5.2.3 application starting in development
=> Run `rails server -h` for more startup options
Exiting
这是宝石文件
source 'https://rubygems.org'
git_source(:github) { |repo| "https://github.com/#{repo}.git" }
ruby '2.5.5'
group :development do
gem 'pg'
end
group :production do
gem 'pg'
end
# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '~> 5.2.1'
# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
# Use Puma as the app server
gem 'puma', '~> 3.11'
gem 'twilio-ruby', '~> 5.16.0'
# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
# gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.5'
# Use Redis adapter to run Action Cable in production
# gem 'redis', '~> 4.0'
# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'
gem 'geocoder'
gem 'textacular', '~> 5.0'
# Use ActiveStorage variant
# gem 'mini_magick', '~> 4.8'
# Use Capistrano for deployment
# gem 'capistrano-rails', group: :development
# Reduces boot times through caching; required in config/boot.rb
gem 'bootsnap', '1.4.4'
gem 'devise_token_auth'
gem 'fog-aws'
gem 'omniauth'
gem 'mysql2', require: false
# Use Rack CORS for handling Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS), making cross-origin AJAX possible
gem 'rack-cors'
group :development, :test do
# Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
gem 'byebug', platforms: %i[mri mingw x64_mingw]
end
gem 'seed_dump'
group :development do
gem 'listen', '>= 3.0.5', '< 3.2'
# Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
gem 'spring'
gem 'spring-watcher-listen', '~> 2.0.0'
end
# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem
gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: %i[mingw mswin x64_mingw jruby]
gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1'
# gem 'geokit-rails', '~> 2.3'
gem 'devise', '~> 4.4'
gem 'carrierwave', '~> 1.2'
gem "stripe", "~> 4.12"
# gem "mysql", "~> 2.9"
# gem "mysql2", "~> 0.5.2"
和 database.yml
# cat config/database.yml
# PostgreSQL. Versions 9.1 and up are supported.
#
# Install the pg driver:
# gem install pg
# On OS X with Homebrew:
# gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/usr/local/bin/pg_config
# On OS X with MacPorts:
# gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/opt/local/lib/postgresql84/bin/pg_config
# On Windows:
# gem install pg
# Choose the win32 build.
# Install PostgreSQL and put its /bin directory on your path.
#
# Configure Using Gemfile
# gem 'pg'
#
default: &default
adapter: postgresql
encoding: unicode
# For details on connection pooling, see Rails configuration guide
# http://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#database-pooling
pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
development:
<<: *default
timeout: 5000
database: fancapade
username: postgres
password: <%= ENV['RAILS_DEV_PASSWD'] %>
# port: 5432
# database: fancapade
# username: johan
# host: localhost
# password: <%= ENV['RAILS_DEV_PASSWD'] %>
# # password:<%= ENV['RAILS_DEV_PASSWD'] %>
# The specified database role being used to connect to postgres.
# To create additional roles in postgres see `$ createuser --help`.
# When left blank, postgres will use the default role. This is
# the same name as the operating system user that initialized the database.
#username: myapp
# The password associated with the postgres role (username).
#password:
# Connect on a TCP socket. Omitted by default since the client uses a
# domain socket that doesn't need configuration. Windows does not have
# domain sockets, so uncomment these lines.
#host: localhost
# The TCP port the server listens on. Defaults to 5432.
# If your server runs on a different port number, change accordingly.
#port: 5432
# Schema search path. The server defaults to $user,public
#schema_search_path: myapp,sharedapp,public
# Minimum log levels, in increasing order:
# debug5, debug4, debug3, debug2, debug1,
# log, notice, warning, error, fatal, and panic
# Defaults to warning.
#min_messages: notice
# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
test:
<<: *default
database: myapp_test
# As with config/secrets.yml, you never want to store sensitive information,
# like your database password, in your source code. If your source code is
# ever seen by anyone, they now have access to your database.
#
# Instead, provide the password as a unix environment variable when you boot
# the app. Read http://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#configuring-a-database
# for a full rundown on how to provide these environment variables in a
# production deployment.
#
# On Heroku and other platform providers, you may have a full connection URL
# available as an environment variable. For example:
#
# DATABASE_URL="postgres://myuser:mypass@localhost/somedatabase"
#
# You can use this database configuration with:
#
# production:
# url: <%= ENV['DATABASE_URL'] %>
#
production:
<<: *default
database: myapp_production
username: myapp
password: <%= ENV['MYAPP_DATABASE_PASSWORD'] %>