所以我在 Aws Cloud 9 中使用 ruby-on-rails 创建了我的网站。我目前正在尝试使用 Heroku 部署它。出现了一个问题，我使用与 Heroku 不兼容的 MySQLite3 进行了所有编码。所以我将我的 Gemfile 更改为包含“pg”，然后运行 bundle install 并收到一系列我无法修复的错误。在此先感谢您的帮助。
我的宝石文件：
source 'https://rubygems.org'
# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '~> 5.0.0'
# Use postgresql as the database for Active Record
gem 'pg', '1.1.4'
# Use Puma as the app server
gem 'puma', '~> 3.0'
# Use SCSS for stylesheets
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
# Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
# Use CoffeeScript for .coffee assets and views
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.2'
# See https://github.com/rails/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
# gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby
# Use jquery as the JavaScript library
gem 'jquery-rails'
# Turbolinks makes navigating your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/turbolinks/turbolinks
gem 'turbolinks', '~> 5'
# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.5'
# Use Redis adapter to run Action Cable in production
# gem 'redis', '~> 3.0'
# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'
# Use Devise for user authentication
gem 'devise'
# Use Capistrano for deployment
# gem 'capistrano-rails', group: :development
group :development, :test do
# Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
gem 'byebug', platform: :mri
end
group :development do
# Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> anywhere in the code.
gem 'web-console'
gem 'listen', '~> 3.0.5'
# Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
gem 'spring'
gem 'spring-watcher-listen', '~> 2.0.0'
end
# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem
gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]
错误：
checking for pg_config... no
No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with
--with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may
need configuration options.
所以我尝试：
gem install pg -v '1.1.4' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'
错误：
To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:
/home/ec2-user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.6.0/pg-1.1.4/mkmf.log
在 mkmf.log 中：
find_executable: checking for pg_config... -------------------- no
--------------------
find_header: checking for libpq-fe.h... -------------------- no
"gcc -o conftest -I/home/ec2-user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.6.3/include/ruby-2.6.0/x86_64-linux -I/home/ec2-user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.6.3/include/ruby-2.6.0/ruby/backward -I/home/ec2-user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.6.3/include/ruby-2.6.0 -I. -O3 -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wimplicit-int -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wmissing-noreturn -Wno-cast-function-type -Wno-constant-logical-operand -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-overlength-strings -Wno-packed-bitfield-compat -Wno-parentheses-equality -Wno-self-assign -Wno-tautological-compare -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-unused-value -Wsuggest-attribute=format -Wsuggest-attribute=noreturn -Wunused-variable -fPIC conftest.c -L. -L/home/ec2-user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.6.3/lib -Wl,-rpath,/home/ec2-user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.6.3/lib -L. -fstack-protector-strong -rdynamic -Wl,-export-dynamic -Wl,-rpath,/home/ec2-user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.6.3/lib -L/home/ec2-user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.6.3/lib -lruby -lm -lc"
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: int main(int argc, char **argv)
4: {
5: return 0;
6: }
/* end */
"gcc -E -I/home/ec2-user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.6.3/include/ruby-2.6.0/x86_64-linux -I/home/ec2-user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.6.3/include/ruby-2.6.0/ruby/backward -I/home/ec2-user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.6.3/include/ruby-2.6.0 -I. -O3 -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wimplicit-int -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wmissing-noreturn -Wno-cast-function-type -Wno-constant-logical-operand -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-overlength-strings -Wno-packed-bitfield-compat -Wno-parentheses-equality -Wno-self-assign -Wno-tautological-compare -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-unused-value -Wsuggest-attribute=format -Wsuggest-attribute=noreturn -Wunused-variable -fPIC conftest.c -o conftest.i"
conftest.c:3:22: fatal error: libpq-fe.h: No such file or directory
#include <libpq-fe.h>
^
compilation terminated.
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: #include <libpq-fe.h>
/* end */
--------------------
我环顾四周，发现我应该运行 sudo apt-get install libpq-dev。在 aws Cloud 9 中，这变成了 sudo yum install libpq-dev。这给出了错误：
Loaded plugins: priorities, update-motd, upgrade-helper
amzn-main | 2.1 kB 00:00:00
amzn-updates | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
1065 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
No package libpq-dev available.
Error: Nothing to do
加载的插件：priorities、update-motd、upgrade-helper amzn-main | 2.1 KB 00:00:00
amzn 更新 | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
由于存储库优先级保护而排除了 1065 个软件包 没有可用的软件包 libpq-dev。错误：无事可做
What's the problem here?