sql-server - sql server 2008 密码字段加密

Question

我有一个包含用户名和密码字段的表。现在我不希望密码完全存储为用户输入的字符串。我希望将此字段加密或转换为 GUID，以便包括从事 SQL 工作的人在内的任何人都无法看到它。万一用户丢失了他的密码，他必须想出一个新的，它会在表格中更新。有什么想法我能做到这一点吗？

Answer 1

OWASP 指南说使用单向哈希来存储密码。

本文展示了如何在 ASP.NET 中：http ://www.15seconds.com/issue/000217.htm

（你没有提到你用来连接服务器的技术，所以我猜测了 ASP.NET。）

Answer 2

您可以使用哈希字节来执行此操作。像这样：假设密码=admin

DECLARE @dummy nvarchar(4000);
select @dummy = CONVERT(nvarchar(4000),'admin');
SELECT HashBytes('SHA1', @dummy);

Answer 3

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fnInitRc4
(
    @Pwd VARCHAR(256)
)
RETURNS @Box TABLE (i TINYINT, v TINYINT)
AS

BEGIN
    DECLARE @Key TABLE (i TINYINT, v TINYINT)

    DECLARE @Index SMALLINT,
        @PwdLen TINYINT

    SELECT  @Index = 0,
        @PwdLen = LEN(@Pwd)

    WHILE @Index <= 255
        BEGIN
            INSERT  @Key
                (
                    i,
                    v
                )
            VALUES  (
                    @Index,
                     ASCII(SUBSTRING(@Pwd, @Index % @PwdLen + 1, 1))
                )

            INSERT  @Box
                (
                    i,
                    v
                )
            VALUES  (
                    @Index,
                    @Index
                )

            SELECT  @Index = @Index + 1
        END


    DECLARE @t TINYINT,
        @b SMALLINT

    SELECT  @Index = 0,
        @b = 0

    WHILE @Index <= 255
        BEGIN
            SELECT      @b = (@b + b.v + k.v) % 256
            FROM        @Box AS b
            INNER JOIN  @Key AS k ON k.i = b.i
            WHERE       b.i = @Index

            SELECT  @t = v
            FROM    @Box
            WHERE   i = @Index

            UPDATE  b1
            SET b1.v = (SELECT b2.v FROM @Box b2 WHERE b2.i = @b)
            FROM    @Box b1
            WHERE   b1.i = @Index

            UPDATE  @Box
            SET v = @t
            WHERE   i = @b

            SELECT  @Index = @Index + 1
        END

    RETURN
END

并且此功能执行加密/解密部分

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fnEncDecRc4
(
    @Pwd VARCHAR(256),
    @Text VARCHAR(8000)
)
RETURNS VARCHAR(8000)
AS

BEGIN
    DECLARE @Box TABLE (i TINYINT, v TINYINT)

    INSERT  @Box
        (
            i,
            v
        )
    SELECT  i,
        v
    FROM    dbo.fnInitRc4(@Pwd)

    DECLARE @Index SMALLINT,
        @i SMALLINT,
        @j SMALLINT,
        @t TINYINT,
        @k SMALLINT,
            @CipherBy TINYINT,
            @Cipher VARCHAR(8000)

    SELECT  @Index = 1,
        @i = 0,
        @j = 0,
        @Cipher = ''

    WHILE @Index <= DATALENGTH(@Text)
        BEGIN
            SELECT  @i = (@i + 1) % 256

            SELECT  @j = (@j + b.v) % 256
            FROM    @Box b
            WHERE   b.i = @i

            SELECT  @t = v
            FROM    @Box
            WHERE   i = @i

            UPDATE  b
            SET b.v = (SELECT w.v FROM @Box w WHERE w.i = @j)
            FROM    @Box b
            WHERE   b.i = @i

            UPDATE  @Box
            SET v = @t
            WHERE   i = @j

            SELECT  @k = v
            FROM    @Box
            WHERE   i = @i

            SELECT  @k = (@k + v) % 256
            FROM    @Box
            WHERE   i = @j

            SELECT  @k = v
            FROM    @Box
            WHERE   i = @k

            SELECT  @CipherBy = ASCII(SUBSTRING(@Text, @Index, 1)) ^ @k,
                @Cipher = @Cipher + CHAR(@CipherBy)

            SELECT  @Index = @Index  +1
            END

    RETURN  @Cipher
END

这是由彼得实现的，但它可以帮助你......