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我想将标签、刻度和值等轴信息添加到使用 pyqtgraph.opengl.GLViewWidget 模块创建的 3D 场景中。GLAxisItem 已经有一个非常简单的轴绘制选项，但是您只能控制轴的长度。

我已扩展 GLAxisItem 以更改轴颜色，但看不到包含这些其他功能的方法。

这是一个例子：

from pyqtgraph.Qt import QtCore, QtGui
import pyqtgraph.opengl as gl
import pyqtgraph as pg
import OpenGL.GL as ogl
import numpy as np

class CustomTextItem(gl.GLGraphicsItem.GLGraphicsItem):
    def __init__(self, X, Y, Z, text):
        gl.GLGraphicsItem.GLGraphicsItem.__init__(self)
        self.text = text
        self.X = X
        self.Y = Y
        self.Z = Z

    def setGLViewWidget(self, GLViewWidget):
        self.GLViewWidget = GLViewWidget

    def setText(self, text):
        self.text = text
        self.update()

    def setX(self, X):
        self.X = X
        self.update()

    def setY(self, Y):
        self.Y = Y
        self.update()

    def setZ(self, Z):
        self.Z = Z
        self.update()

    def paint(self):
        self.GLViewWidget.qglColor(QtCore.Qt.black)
        self.GLViewWidget.renderText(self.X, self.Y, self.Z, self.text)


class Custom3DAxis(gl.GLAxisItem):
    """Class defined to extend 'gl.GLAxisItem'."""
    def __init__(self, parent, color=(0,0,0,.6)):
        gl.GLAxisItem.__init__(self)
        self.parent = parent
        self.c = color

    def draw_labels(self):
        x,y,z = self.size()
        #X label
        self.xLabel = CustomTextItem(X=x/2, Y=-y/20, Z=-z/20, text="X")
        self.xLabel.setGLViewWidget(self.parent)
        self.parent.addItem(self.xLabel)
        #Y label
        self.yLabel = CustomTextItem(X=-x/20, Y=y/2, Z=-z/20, text="Y")
        self.yLabel.setGLViewWidget(self.parent)
        self.parent.addItem(self.yLabel)
        #Z label
        self.zLabel = CustomTextItem(X=-x/20, Y=-y/20, Z=z/2, text="Z")
        self.zLabel.setGLViewWidget(self.parent)
        self.parent.addItem(self.zLabel)

    def paint(self):
        self.setupGLState()
        if self.antialias:
            ogl.glEnable(ogl.GL_LINE_SMOOTH)
            ogl.glHint(ogl.GL_LINE_SMOOTH_HINT, ogl.GL_NICEST)
        ogl.glBegin(ogl.GL_LINES)

        x,y,z = self.size()
        #Draw Z
        ogl.glColor4f(self.c[0], self.c[1], self.c[2], self.c[3])
        ogl.glVertex3f(0, 0, 0)
        ogl.glVertex3f(0, 0, z)
        #Draw Y
        ogl.glColor4f(self.c[0], self.c[1], self.c[2], self.c[3])
        ogl.glVertex3f(0, 0, 0)
        ogl.glVertex3f(0, y, 0)
        #Draw X
        ogl.glColor4f(self.c[0], self.c[1], self.c[2], self.c[3])
        ogl.glVertex3f(0, 0, 0)
        ogl.glVertex3f(x, 0, 0)
        #Draw labels
        self.draw_labels()
        ogl.glEnd()


app = QtGui.QApplication([])
fig1 = gl.GLViewWidget()
background_color = app.palette().color(QtGui.QPalette.Background)
fig1.setBackgroundColor(background_color)

n = 51
y = np.linspace(-10,10,n)
x = np.linspace(-10,10,100)
for i in range(n):
    yi = np.array([y[i]]*100)
    d = (x**2 + yi**2)**0.5
    z = 10 * np.cos(d) / (d+1)
    pts = np.vstack([x,yi,z]).transpose()
    plt = gl.GLLinePlotItem(pos=pts, color=pg.glColor((i,n*1.3)), width=(i+1)/10., antialias=True)
    fig1.addItem(plt)


axis = Custom3DAxis(fig1, color=(0.2,0.2,0.2,.6))
axis.setSize(x=12, y=12, z=12)
fig1.addItem(axis)
fig1.opts['distance'] = 40

fig1.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    import sys
    if (sys.flags.interactive != 1) or not hasattr(QtCore, 'PYQT_VERSION'):
        QtGui.QApplication.instance().exec_()

如果这些功能不会随着缩放而改变大小，那将是完美的。

- - 更新 - -

从这里，我了解了如何创建自定义文本项并扩展了我的 Custom3DAxis 类以包含 X、Y 和 Z 标签（上面的代码已更新）。我想这是进一步包含价值观和其他东西的方法。

然而，这个解决方案导致渲染在每次旋转/跨度（即每次场景更新）时变得非常缓慢，仅仅是因为这 3 个文本项！

有没有人知道为什么会这样？我应该怎么做才能避免这种情况？

4

2 回答 2

2

好的，我得到了一个合理的解决方案：为要添加的每个标签和值创建文本项。导致速度变慢的问题是因为在问题代码中，在每次场景更新时都添加了更多新项目（而不仅仅是更新初始项目）。这是解决问题的代码：

from pyqtgraph.Qt import QtCore, QtGui
import pyqtgraph.opengl as gl
import pyqtgraph as pg
import OpenGL.GL as ogl
import numpy as np

class CustomTextItem(gl.GLGraphicsItem.GLGraphicsItem):
    def __init__(self, X, Y, Z, text):
        gl.GLGraphicsItem.GLGraphicsItem.__init__(self)
        self.text = text
        self.X = X
        self.Y = Y
        self.Z = Z

    def setGLViewWidget(self, GLViewWidget):
        self.GLViewWidget = GLViewWidget

    def setText(self, text):
        self.text = text
        self.update()

    def setX(self, X):
        self.X = X
        self.update()

    def setY(self, Y):
        self.Y = Y
        self.update()

    def setZ(self, Z):
        self.Z = Z
        self.update()

    def paint(self):
        self.GLViewWidget.qglColor(QtCore.Qt.black)
        self.GLViewWidget.renderText(self.X, self.Y, self.Z, self.text)


class Custom3DAxis(gl.GLAxisItem):
    """Class defined to extend 'gl.GLAxisItem'."""
    def __init__(self, parent, color=(0,0,0,.6)):
        gl.GLAxisItem.__init__(self)
        self.parent = parent
        self.c = color

    def add_labels(self):
        """Adds axes labels."""
        x,y,z = self.size()
        #X label
        self.xLabel = CustomTextItem(X=x/2, Y=-y/20, Z=-z/20, text="X")
        self.xLabel.setGLViewWidget(self.parent)
        self.parent.addItem(self.xLabel)
        #Y label
        self.yLabel = CustomTextItem(X=-x/20, Y=y/2, Z=-z/20, text="Y")
        self.yLabel.setGLViewWidget(self.parent)
        self.parent.addItem(self.yLabel)
        #Z label
        self.zLabel = CustomTextItem(X=-x/20, Y=-y/20, Z=z/2, text="Z")
        self.zLabel.setGLViewWidget(self.parent)
        self.parent.addItem(self.zLabel)

    def add_tick_values(self, xticks=[], yticks=[], zticks=[]):
        """Adds ticks values."""
        x,y,z = self.size()
        xtpos = np.linspace(0, x, len(xticks))
        ytpos = np.linspace(0, y, len(yticks))
        ztpos = np.linspace(0, z, len(zticks))
        #X label
        for i, xt in enumerate(xticks):
            val = CustomTextItem(X=xtpos[i], Y=-y/20, Z=-z/20, text=str(xt))
            val.setGLViewWidget(self.parent)
            self.parent.addItem(val)
        #Y label
        for i, yt in enumerate(yticks):
            val = CustomTextItem(X=-x/20, Y=ytpos[i], Z=-z/20, text=str(yt))
            val.setGLViewWidget(self.parent)
            self.parent.addItem(val)
        #Z label
        for i, zt in enumerate(zticks):
            val = CustomTextItem(X=-x/20, Y=-y/20, Z=ztpos[i], text=str(zt))
            val.setGLViewWidget(self.parent)
            self.parent.addItem(val)

    def paint(self):
        self.setupGLState()
        if self.antialias:
            ogl.glEnable(ogl.GL_LINE_SMOOTH)
            ogl.glHint(ogl.GL_LINE_SMOOTH_HINT, ogl.GL_NICEST)
        ogl.glBegin(ogl.GL_LINES)

        x,y,z = self.size()
        #Draw Z
        ogl.glColor4f(self.c[0], self.c[1], self.c[2], self.c[3])
        ogl.glVertex3f(0, 0, 0)
        ogl.glVertex3f(0, 0, z)
        #Draw Y
        ogl.glColor4f(self.c[0], self.c[1], self.c[2], self.c[3])
        ogl.glVertex3f(0, 0, 0)
        ogl.glVertex3f(0, y, 0)
        #Draw X
        ogl.glColor4f(self.c[0], self.c[1], self.c[2], self.c[3])
        ogl.glVertex3f(0, 0, 0)
        ogl.glVertex3f(x, 0, 0)
        ogl.glEnd()


app = QtGui.QApplication([])
fig1 = gl.GLViewWidget()
background_color = app.palette().color(QtGui.QPalette.Background)
fig1.setBackgroundColor(background_color)

n = 51
y = np.linspace(-10,10,n)
x = np.linspace(-10,10,100)
for i in range(n):
    yi = np.array([y[i]]*100)
    d = (x**2 + yi**2)**0.5
    z = 10 * np.cos(d) / (d+1)
    pts = np.vstack([x,yi,z]).transpose()
    plt = gl.GLLinePlotItem(pos=pts, color=pg.glColor((i,n*1.3)), width=(i+1)/10., antialias=True)
    fig1.addItem(plt)


axis = Custom3DAxis(fig1, color=(0.2,0.2,0.2,.6))
axis.setSize(x=12, y=12, z=12)
# Add axes labels
axis.add_labels()
# Add axes tick values
axis.add_tick_values(xticks=[0,4,8,12], yticks=[0,6,12], zticks=[0,3,6,9,12])
fig1.addItem(axis)
fig1.opts['distance'] = 40

fig1.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    import sys
    if (sys.flags.interactive != 1) or not hasattr(QtCore, 'PYQT_VERSION'):
        QtGui.QApplication.instance().exec_()
于 2019-07-05T13:56:06.090 回答
0

好吧，请耐心等待，因为我这辈子从来没有写过一门课。但是我确实“借用”了您的代码并进行了一些修改以添加更多功能。

这是我添加到所有“GL 项目”文件保存在 pyQtGraph 文件夹中的修改后的 GLTextItem 文件。

这是修改后的 GLAxisItem 文件，我使用了您的代码，并在pyQtGraph 文件夹中的原始 GLAxisItem 文件中添加了更多功能。

这是我用来调试轴和文本项的文件。

请查看这些文件并尝试运行它们。我在 GLAxisItem 中有一个错误，当没有指定轴标签时会显示一个默认标签。但是当我创建轴对象并使用 setAxisLabel() 方法来指定轴标签及其位置时，仍然显示默认文本，它不会消失......对此有什么解决办法吗？

这是完整的回购链接。

于 2020-06-05T04:19:26.383 回答