286

我如何(在 MongoDB 中)将来自多个集合的数据合并到一个集合中?

我可以使用 map-reduce 吗?如果可以,那么如何使用?

我会非常感谢一些例子,因为我是一个新手。

4

11 回答 11

174

MongoDB 3.2 现在允许通过$lookup 聚合阶段将来自多个集合的数据合并为一个。作为一个实际示例,假设您将有关书籍的数据分成两个不同的集合。

第一个集合,称为books,具有以下数据:

{
    "isbn": "978-3-16-148410-0",
    "title": "Some cool book",
    "author": "John Doe"
}
{
    "isbn": "978-3-16-148999-9",
    "title": "Another awesome book",
    "author": "Jane Roe"
}

第二个集合称为books_selling_data,具有以下数据:

{
    "_id": ObjectId("56e31bcf76cdf52e541d9d26"),
    "isbn": "978-3-16-148410-0",
    "copies_sold": 12500
}
{
    "_id": ObjectId("56e31ce076cdf52e541d9d28"),
    "isbn": "978-3-16-148999-9",
    "copies_sold": 720050
}
{
    "_id": ObjectId("56e31ce076cdf52e541d9d29"),
    "isbn": "978-3-16-148999-9",
    "copies_sold": 1000
}

要合并两个集合,只需按以下方式使用 $lookup:

db.books.aggregate([{
    $lookup: {
            from: "books_selling_data",
            localField: "isbn",
            foreignField: "isbn",
            as: "copies_sold"
        }
}])

在此聚合之后,books集合将如下所示:

{
    "isbn": "978-3-16-148410-0",
    "title": "Some cool book",
    "author": "John Doe",
    "copies_sold": [
        {
            "_id": ObjectId("56e31bcf76cdf52e541d9d26"),
            "isbn": "978-3-16-148410-0",
            "copies_sold": 12500
        }
    ]
}
{
    "isbn": "978-3-16-148999-9",
    "title": "Another awesome book",
    "author": "Jane Roe",
    "copies_sold": [
        {
            "_id": ObjectId("56e31ce076cdf52e541d9d28"),
            "isbn": "978-3-16-148999-9",
            "copies_sold": 720050
        },
        {
            "_id": ObjectId("56e31ce076cdf52e541d9d28"),
            "isbn": "978-3-16-148999-9",
            "copies_sold": 1000
        }
    ]
}

重要的是要注意几件事:

  1. 在这种情况下books_selling_data,“from”集合不能被分片。
  2. 如上例所示,“as”字段将是一个数组。
  3. 如果$lookup 阶段的 "localField" 和 "foreignField" 选项在各自的集合中不存在,则它们都将被视为 null 以进行匹配($lookup 文档对此有一个完美的示例)。

所以,作为一个结论,如果你想合并这两个集合,在这种情况下,有一个平面的copys_sold字段,其中包含已售出的总副本,你将不得不做更多的工作,可能使用一个中间集合,然后,$out到最后的集合。

于 2016-03-11T19:57:52.450 回答
153

虽然您不能实时执行此操作,但您可以使用 MongoDB 1.8+ map/reduce 中的“reduce”out 选项多次运行 map-reduce 以将数据合并在一起(请参阅http://www.mongodb.org/显示/DOCS/MapReduce#MapReduce-Outputoptions)。您需要在两个集合中都有一些可以用作 _id 的键。

例如,假设您有一个users集合和一个comments集合,并且您想要一个新集合,其中包含每个评论的一些用户人口统计信息。

假设该users集合具有以下字段:

  • _ID
  • 国家
  • 性别
  • 年龄

然后该comments集合具有以下字段:

  • _ID
  • 用户身份
  • 评论
  • 创建

你会做这个映射/减少:

var mapUsers, mapComments, reduce;
db.users_comments.remove();

// setup sample data - wouldn't actually use this in production
db.users.remove();
db.comments.remove();
db.users.save({firstName:"Rich",lastName:"S",gender:"M",country:"CA",age:"18"});
db.users.save({firstName:"Rob",lastName:"M",gender:"M",country:"US",age:"25"});
db.users.save({firstName:"Sarah",lastName:"T",gender:"F",country:"US",age:"13"});
var users = db.users.find();
db.comments.save({userId: users[0]._id, "comment": "Hey, what's up?", created: new ISODate()});
db.comments.save({userId: users[1]._id, "comment": "Not much", created: new ISODate()});
db.comments.save({userId: users[0]._id, "comment": "Cool", created: new ISODate()});
// end sample data setup

mapUsers = function() {
    var values = {
        country: this.country,
        gender: this.gender,
        age: this.age
    };
    emit(this._id, values);
};
mapComments = function() {
    var values = {
        commentId: this._id,
        comment: this.comment,
        created: this.created
    };
    emit(this.userId, values);
};
reduce = function(k, values) {
    var result = {}, commentFields = {
        "commentId": '', 
        "comment": '',
        "created": ''
    };
    values.forEach(function(value) {
        var field;
        if ("comment" in value) {
            if (!("comments" in result)) {
                result.comments = [];
            }
            result.comments.push(value);
        } else if ("comments" in value) {
            if (!("comments" in result)) {
                result.comments = [];
            }
            result.comments.push.apply(result.comments, value.comments);
        }
        for (field in value) {
            if (value.hasOwnProperty(field) && !(field in commentFields)) {
                result[field] = value[field];
            }
        }
    });
    return result;
};
db.users.mapReduce(mapUsers, reduce, {"out": {"reduce": "users_comments"}});
db.comments.mapReduce(mapComments, reduce, {"out": {"reduce": "users_comments"}});
db.users_comments.find().pretty(); // see the resulting collection

此时,您将拥有一个名为users_comments包含合并数据的新集合,您现在可以使用它。这些缩减的集合都具有_id您在地图函数中发出的键,然后所有值都是value键内的子对象 - 这些值不在这些缩减文档的顶层。

这是一个有点简单的例子。您可以尽可能多地使用更多集合重复此操作,以继续建立减少的集合。您还可以在此过程中对数据进行汇总和聚合。您可能会定义多个 reduce 函数,因为聚合和保留现有字段的逻辑变得更加复杂。

您还会注意到,现在每个用户都有一个文档,其中包含该用户的所有评论在一个数组中。如果我们合并具有一对一关系而不是一对多关系的数据,它将是平坦的,您可以简单地使用这样的 reduce 函数:

reduce = function(k, values) {
    var result = {};
    values.forEach(function(value) {
        var field;
        for (field in value) {
            if (value.hasOwnProperty(field)) {
                result[field] = value[field];
            }
        }
    });
    return result;
};

如果您想展平users_comments集合,使其成为每个评论一个文档,请另外运行:

var map, reduce;
map = function() {
    var debug = function(value) {
        var field;
        for (field in value) {
            print(field + ": " + value[field]);
        }
    };
    debug(this);
    var that = this;
    if ("comments" in this.value) {
        this.value.comments.forEach(function(value) {
            emit(value.commentId, {
                userId: that._id,
                country: that.value.country,
                age: that.value.age,
                comment: value.comment,
                created: value.created,
            });
        });
    }
};
reduce = function(k, values) {
    var result = {};
    values.forEach(function(value) {
        var field;
        for (field in value) {
            if (value.hasOwnProperty(field)) {
                result[field] = value[field];
            }
        }
    });
    return result;
};
db.users_comments.mapReduce(map, reduce, {"out": "comments_with_demographics"});

这种技术绝对不应该即时执行。它适用于 cron 作业或类似定期更新合并数据的作业。您可能希望ensureIndex在新集合上运行以确保您对它执行的查询快速运行(请记住,您的数据仍在value键中,因此如果您要comments_with_demographics在评论created时间上建立索引,它将是db.comments_with_demographics.ensureIndex({"value.created": 1});

于 2012-01-05T17:24:14.740 回答
39

在单个查询中使用聚合和查找,可以在 MongoDB 中以“SQL UNION”方式进行联合。这是我测试过的适用于 MongoDB 4.0 的示例:

// Create employees data for testing the union.
db.getCollection('employees').insert({ name: "John", type: "employee", department: "sales" });
db.getCollection('employees').insert({ name: "Martha", type: "employee", department: "accounting" });
db.getCollection('employees').insert({ name: "Amy", type: "employee", department: "warehouse" });
db.getCollection('employees').insert({ name: "Mike", type: "employee", department: "warehouse"  });

// Create freelancers data for testing the union.
db.getCollection('freelancers').insert({ name: "Stephany", type: "freelancer", department: "accounting" });
db.getCollection('freelancers').insert({ name: "Martin", type: "freelancer", department: "sales" });
db.getCollection('freelancers').insert({ name: "Doug", type: "freelancer", department: "warehouse"  });
db.getCollection('freelancers').insert({ name: "Brenda", type: "freelancer", department: "sales"  });

// Here we do a union of the employees and freelancers using a single aggregation query.
db.getCollection('freelancers').aggregate( // 1. Use any collection containing at least one document.
  [
    { $limit: 1 }, // 2. Keep only one document of the collection.
    { $project: { _id: '$$REMOVE' } }, // 3. Remove everything from the document.

    // 4. Lookup collections to union together.
    { $lookup: { from: 'employees', pipeline: [{ $match: { department: 'sales' } }], as: 'employees' } },
    { $lookup: { from: 'freelancers', pipeline: [{ $match: { department: 'sales' } }], as: 'freelancers' } },

    // 5. Union the collections together with a projection.
    { $project: { union: { $concatArrays: ["$employees", "$freelancers"] } } },

    // 6. Unwind and replace root so you end up with a result set.
    { $unwind: '$union' },
    { $replaceRoot: { newRoot: '$union' } }
  ]);

以下是它如何工作的解释:

  1. aggregate从您的数据库的任何集合中实例化一个至少包含一个文档的集合。如果您不能保证您的数据库的任何集合都不会为空,您可以通过在数据库中创建某种包含单个空文档的“虚拟”集合来解决此问题,该集合将专门用于执行联合查询。

  2. 使管道的第一阶段成为{ $limit: 1 }. 这将删除集合的所有文档,除了第一个文档。

  3. 使用阶段剥离剩余文档的所有字段$project

    { $project: { _id: '$$REMOVE' } }
    
  4. 您的聚合现在包含一个空文档。是时候为要联合在一起的每个集合添加查找了。您可以使用该pipeline字段进行一些特定的过滤,或者将其保留localFieldforeignFieldnull 以匹配整个集合。

    { $lookup: { from: 'collectionToUnion1', pipeline: [...], as: 'Collection1' } },
    { $lookup: { from: 'collectionToUnion2', pipeline: [...], as: 'Collection2' } },
    { $lookup: { from: 'collectionToUnion3', pipeline: [...], as: 'Collection3' } }
    
  5. 您现在有一个聚合,其中包含一个包含 3 个数组的文档,如下所示:

    {
        Collection1: [...],
        Collection2: [...],
        Collection3: [...]
    }
    

    $project然后,您可以使用阶段和$concatArrays聚合运算符将它们合并到一个数组中:

    {
      "$project" :
      {
        "Union" : { $concatArrays: ["$Collection1", "$Collection2", "$Collection3"] }
      }
    }
    
  6. 您现在有一个包含单个文档的聚合,其中包含一个包含您的集合并集的数组。剩下要做的是添加一个$unwind和一个$replaceRoot阶段来将您的数组拆分为单独的文档:

    { $unwind: "$Union" },
    { $replaceRoot: { newRoot: "$Union" } }
    
  7. 瞧。您现在有一个结果集,其中包含您想要联合在一起的集合。然后,您可以添加更多阶段以进一步过滤、排序、应用 skip() 和 limit()。几乎任何你想要的。

于 2019-03-21T21:00:42.577 回答
18

$lookup 的非常基本的示例。

db.getCollection('users').aggregate([
    {
        $lookup: {
            from: "userinfo",
            localField: "userId",
            foreignField: "userId",
            as: "userInfoData"
        }
    },
    {
        $lookup: {
            from: "userrole",
            localField: "userId",
            foreignField: "userId",
            as: "userRoleData"
        }
    },
    { $unwind: { path: "$userInfoData", preserveNullAndEmptyArrays: true }},
    { $unwind: { path: "$userRoleData", preserveNullAndEmptyArrays: true }}
])

这里使用

 { $unwind: { path: "$userInfoData", preserveNullAndEmptyArrays: true }}, 
 { $unwind: { path: "$userRoleData", preserveNullAndEmptyArrays: true }}

代替

{ $unwind:"$userRoleData"} 
{ $unwind:"$userRoleData"}

因为{ $unwind:"$userRoleData"}如果使用 $lookup 没有找到匹配的记录,这将返回空或 0 结果。

于 2016-10-24T08:15:43.517 回答
14

如果没有批量插入到 mongodb 中,我们将所有对象循环到 中small_collection,并将它们一一插入big_collection

db.small_collection.find().forEach(function(obj){ 
   db.big_collection.insert(obj)
});
于 2014-09-12T09:06:39.950 回答
14

对聚合中的多个集合使用多个$lookup

询问:

db.getCollection('servicelocations').aggregate([
  {
    $match: {
      serviceLocationId: {
        $in: ["36728"]
      }
    }
  },
  {
    $lookup: {
      from: "orders",
      localField: "serviceLocationId",
      foreignField: "serviceLocationId",
      as: "orders"
    }
  },
  {
    $lookup: {
      from: "timewindowtypes",
      localField: "timeWindow.timeWindowTypeId",
      foreignField: "timeWindowTypeId",
      as: "timeWindow"
    }
  },
  {
    $lookup: {
      from: "servicetimetypes",
      localField: "serviceTimeTypeId",
      foreignField: "serviceTimeTypeId",
      as: "serviceTime"
    }
  },
  {
    $unwind: "$orders"
  },
  {
    $unwind: "$serviceTime"
  },
  {
    $limit: 14
  }
])

结果:

{
    "_id" : ObjectId("59c3ac4bb7799c90ebb3279b"),
    "serviceLocationId" : "36728",
    "regionId" : 1.0,
    "zoneId" : "DXBZONE1",
    "description" : "AL HALLAB REST EMIRATES MALL",
    "locationPriority" : 1.0,
    "accountTypeId" : 1.0,
    "locationType" : "SERVICELOCATION",
    "location" : {
        "makani" : "",
        "lat" : 25.119035,
        "lng" : 55.198694
    },
    "deliveryDays" : "MTWRFSU",
    "timeWindow" : [ 
        {
            "_id" : ObjectId("59c3b0a3b7799c90ebb32cde"),
            "timeWindowTypeId" : "1",
            "Description" : "MORNING",
            "timeWindow" : {
                "openTime" : "06:00",
                "closeTime" : "08:00"
            },
            "accountId" : 1.0
        }, 
        {
            "_id" : ObjectId("59c3b0a3b7799c90ebb32cdf"),
            "timeWindowTypeId" : "1",
            "Description" : "MORNING",
            "timeWindow" : {
                "openTime" : "09:00",
                "closeTime" : "10:00"
            },
            "accountId" : 1.0
        }, 
        {
            "_id" : ObjectId("59c3b0a3b7799c90ebb32ce0"),
            "timeWindowTypeId" : "1",
            "Description" : "MORNING",
            "timeWindow" : {
                "openTime" : "10:30",
                "closeTime" : "11:30"
            },
            "accountId" : 1.0
        }
    ],
    "address1" : "",
    "address2" : "",
    "phone" : "",
    "city" : "",
    "county" : "",
    "state" : "",
    "country" : "",
    "zipcode" : "",
    "imageUrl" : "",
    "contact" : {
        "name" : "",
        "email" : ""
    },
    "status" : "ACTIVE",
    "createdBy" : "",
    "updatedBy" : "",
    "updateDate" : "",
    "accountId" : 1.0,
    "serviceTimeTypeId" : "1",
    "orders" : [ 
        {
            "_id" : ObjectId("59c3b291f251c77f15790f92"),
            "orderId" : "AQ18O1704264",
            "serviceLocationId" : "36728",
            "orderNo" : "AQ18O1704264",
            "orderDate" : "18-Sep-17",
            "description" : "AQ18O1704264",
            "serviceType" : "Delivery",
            "orderSource" : "Import",
            "takenBy" : "KARIM",
            "plannedDeliveryDate" : ISODate("2017-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"),
            "plannedDeliveryTime" : "",
            "actualDeliveryDate" : "",
            "actualDeliveryTime" : "",
            "deliveredBy" : "",
            "size1" : 296.0,
            "size2" : 3573.355,
            "size3" : 240.811,
            "jobPriority" : 1.0,
            "cancelReason" : "",
            "cancelDate" : "",
            "cancelBy" : "",
            "reasonCode" : "",
            "reasonText" : "",
            "status" : "",
            "lineItems" : [ 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "BNWB020",
                    "size1" : 15.0,
                    "size2" : 78.6,
                    "size3" : 6.0
                }, 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "BNWB021",
                    "size1" : 20.0,
                    "size2" : 252.0,
                    "size3" : 11.538
                }, 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "BNWB023",
                    "size1" : 15.0,
                    "size2" : 285.0,
                    "size3" : 16.071
                }, 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "CPMW112",
                    "size1" : 3.0,
                    "size2" : 25.38,
                    "size3" : 1.731
                }, 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "MMGW001",
                    "size1" : 25.0,
                    "size2" : 464.375,
                    "size3" : 46.875
                }, 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "MMNB218",
                    "size1" : 50.0,
                    "size2" : 920.0,
                    "size3" : 60.0
                }, 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "MMNB219",
                    "size1" : 50.0,
                    "size2" : 630.0,
                    "size3" : 40.0
                }, 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "MMNB220",
                    "size1" : 50.0,
                    "size2" : 416.0,
                    "size3" : 28.846
                }, 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "MMNB270",
                    "size1" : 50.0,
                    "size2" : 262.0,
                    "size3" : 20.0
                }, 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "MMNB302",
                    "size1" : 15.0,
                    "size2" : 195.0,
                    "size3" : 6.0
                }, 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "MMNB373",
                    "size1" : 3.0,
                    "size2" : 45.0,
                    "size3" : 3.75
                }
            ],
            "accountId" : 1.0
        }, 
        {
            "_id" : ObjectId("59c3b291f251c77f15790f9d"),
            "orderId" : "AQ137O1701240",
            "serviceLocationId" : "36728",
            "orderNo" : "AQ137O1701240",
            "orderDate" : "18-Sep-17",
            "description" : "AQ137O1701240",
            "serviceType" : "Delivery",
            "orderSource" : "Import",
            "takenBy" : "KARIM",
            "plannedDeliveryDate" : ISODate("2017-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"),
            "plannedDeliveryTime" : "",
            "actualDeliveryDate" : "",
            "actualDeliveryTime" : "",
            "deliveredBy" : "",
            "size1" : 28.0,
            "size2" : 520.11,
            "size3" : 52.5,
            "jobPriority" : 1.0,
            "cancelReason" : "",
            "cancelDate" : "",
            "cancelBy" : "",
            "reasonCode" : "",
            "reasonText" : "",
            "status" : "",
            "lineItems" : [ 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "MMGW001",
                    "size1" : 25.0,
                    "size2" : 464.38,
                    "size3" : 46.875
                }, 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "MMGW001-F1",
                    "size1" : 3.0,
                    "size2" : 55.73,
                    "size3" : 5.625
                }
            ],
            "accountId" : 1.0
        }, 
        {
            "_id" : ObjectId("59c3b291f251c77f15790fd8"),
            "orderId" : "AQ110O1705036",
            "serviceLocationId" : "36728",
            "orderNo" : "AQ110O1705036",
            "orderDate" : "18-Sep-17",
            "description" : "AQ110O1705036",
            "serviceType" : "Delivery",
            "orderSource" : "Import",
            "takenBy" : "KARIM",
            "plannedDeliveryDate" : ISODate("2017-08-26T00:00:00.000Z"),
            "plannedDeliveryTime" : "",
            "actualDeliveryDate" : "",
            "actualDeliveryTime" : "",
            "deliveredBy" : "",
            "size1" : 60.0,
            "size2" : 1046.0,
            "size3" : 68.0,
            "jobPriority" : 1.0,
            "cancelReason" : "",
            "cancelDate" : "",
            "cancelBy" : "",
            "reasonCode" : "",
            "reasonText" : "",
            "status" : "",
            "lineItems" : [ 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "MMNB218",
                    "size1" : 50.0,
                    "size2" : 920.0,
                    "size3" : 60.0
                }, 
                {
                    "ItemId" : "MMNB219",
                    "size1" : 10.0,
                    "size2" : 126.0,
                    "size3" : 8.0
                }
            ],
            "accountId" : 1.0
        }
    ],
    "serviceTime" : {
        "_id" : ObjectId("59c3b07cb7799c90ebb32cdc"),
        "serviceTimeTypeId" : "1",
        "serviceTimeType" : "nohelper",
        "description" : "",
        "fixedTime" : 30.0,
        "variableTime" : 0.0,
        "accountId" : 1.0
    }
}
于 2017-09-26T05:14:16.473 回答
13

开始,我们可以通过将新的聚合阶段与的新运算符Mongo 4.4耦合来在聚合管道中实现此连接:$unionWith$group$accumulator

// > db.users.find()
//   [{ user: 1, name: "x" }, { user: 2, name: "y" }]
// > db.books.find()
//   [{ user: 1, book: "a" }, { user: 1, book: "b" }, { user: 2, book: "c" }]
// > db.movies.find()
//   [{ user: 1, movie: "g" }, { user: 2, movie: "h" }, { user: 2, movie: "i" }]
db.users.aggregate([
  { $unionWith: "books"  },
  { $unionWith: "movies" },
  { $group: {
    _id: "$user",
    user: {
      $accumulator: {
        accumulateArgs: ["$name", "$book", "$movie"],
        init: function() { return { books: [], movies: [] } },
        accumulate: function(user, name, book, movie) {
          if (name) user.name = name;
          if (book) user.books.push(book);
          if (movie) user.movies.push(movie);
          return user;
        },
        merge: function(userV1, userV2) {
          if (userV2.name) userV1.name = userV2.name;
          userV1.books.concat(userV2.books);
          userV1.movies.concat(userV2.movies);
          return userV1;
        },
        lang: "js"
      }
    }
  }}
])
// { _id: 1, user: { books: ["a", "b"], movies: ["g"], name: "x" } }
// { _id: 2, user: { books: ["c"], movies: ["h", "i"], name: "y" } }
  • $unionWith在聚合管道中已经存在的文档中组合来自给定集合的记录。在 2 个联合阶段之后,我们因此在管道中拥有所有用户、书籍和电影记录。

  • 然后,我们使用运算符$group记录$user并累积项目,$accumulator允许在文档分组时自定义累积:

    • 我们有兴趣累积的字段是用 定义的accumulateArgs
    • init定义在我们对元素进行分组时将累积的状态。
    • accumulate功能允许执行自定义操作,记录被分组以构建累积状态。例如,如果被分组的项目book定义了字段,那么我们更新books状态的一部分。
    • merge用于合并两个内部状态。它仅用于在分片集群上运行的聚合或当操作超出内存限制时。
于 2020-03-15T15:37:32.347 回答
1

Mongorestore 具有附加在数据库中已有内容之上的功能,因此此行为可用于组合两个集合:

  1. mongodump 集合1
  2. 集合2.重命名(集合1)
  3. mongorestore

还没有尝试过,但它可能比 map/reduce 方法执行得更快。

于 2014-08-21T23:35:45.120 回答
0

是的,你可以:使用我今天写的这个实用函数:

function shangMergeCol() {
  tcol= db.getCollection(arguments[0]);
  for (var i=1; i<arguments.length; i++){
    scol= db.getCollection(arguments[i]);
    scol.find().forEach(
        function (d) {
            tcol.insert(d);
        }
    )
  }
}

您可以将任意数量的集合传递给此函数,第一个将成为目标集合。所有其余集合都是要转移到目标集合的源。

于 2015-06-07T23:29:27.670 回答
-1

代码片段。礼貌 - 堆栈溢出的多个帖子,包括这个。

 db.cust.drop();
 db.zip.drop();
 db.cust.insert({cust_id:1, zip_id: 101});
 db.cust.insert({cust_id:2, zip_id: 101});
 db.cust.insert({cust_id:3, zip_id: 101});
 db.cust.insert({cust_id:4, zip_id: 102});
 db.cust.insert({cust_id:5, zip_id: 102});

 db.zip.insert({zip_id:101, zip_cd:'AAA'});
 db.zip.insert({zip_id:102, zip_cd:'BBB'});
 db.zip.insert({zip_id:103, zip_cd:'CCC'});

mapCust = function() {
    var values = {
        cust_id: this.cust_id
    };
    emit(this.zip_id, values);
};

mapZip = function() {
    var values = {
    zip_cd: this.zip_cd
    };
    emit(this.zip_id, values);
};

reduceCustZip =  function(k, values) {
    var result = {};
    values.forEach(function(value) {
    var field;
        if ("cust_id" in value) {
            if (!("cust_ids" in result)) {
                result.cust_ids = [];
            }
            result.cust_ids.push(value);
        } else {
    for (field in value) {
        if (value.hasOwnProperty(field) ) {
                result[field] = value[field];
        }
         };  
       }
      });
       return result;
};


db.cust_zip.drop();
db.cust.mapReduce(mapCust, reduceCustZip, {"out": {"reduce": "cust_zip"}});
db.zip.mapReduce(mapZip, reduceCustZip, {"out": {"reduce": "cust_zip"}});
db.cust_zip.find();


mapCZ = function() {
    var that = this;
    if ("cust_ids" in this.value) {
        this.value.cust_ids.forEach(function(value) {
            emit(value.cust_id, {
                zip_id: that._id,
                zip_cd: that.value.zip_cd
            });
        });
    }
};

reduceCZ = function(k, values) {
    var result = {};
    values.forEach(function(value) {
        var field;
        for (field in value) {
            if (value.hasOwnProperty(field)) {
                result[field] = value[field];
            }
        }
    });
    return result;
};
db.cust_zip_joined.drop();
db.cust_zip.mapReduce(mapCZ, reduceCZ, {"out": "cust_zip_joined"}); 
db.cust_zip_joined.find().pretty();


var flattenMRCollection=function(dbName,collectionName) {
    var collection=db.getSiblingDB(dbName)[collectionName];

    var i=0;
    var bulk=collection.initializeUnorderedBulkOp();
    collection.find({ value: { $exists: true } }).addOption(16).forEach(function(result) {
        print((++i));
        //collection.update({_id: result._id},result.value);

        bulk.find({_id: result._id}).replaceOne(result.value);

        if(i%1000==0)
        {
            print("Executing bulk...");
            bulk.execute();
            bulk=collection.initializeUnorderedBulkOp();
        }
    });
    bulk.execute();
};


flattenMRCollection("mydb","cust_zip_joined");
db.cust_zip_joined.find().pretty();
于 2014-08-14T05:09:13.077 回答
-3

您必须在应用程序层中执行此操作。如果您使用的是 ORM,它可以使用注释(或类似的东西)来提取其他集合中存在的引用。我只使用过Morphia,并且@Reference注释在查询时会获取引用的实体,因此我可以避免自己在代码中这样做。

于 2011-04-15T23:39:12.317 回答