2

我正在尝试将控制台中出现的所有 GET 请求从 django 放入数据库中。例如：

控制台日志：

[23/May/2019 13:58:44] "GET /testapp/ HTTP/1.1" 200 409
[23/May/2019 13:58:45] "GET /testapp/page2/ HTTP/1.1" 200 172

我试图从中获取时间戳、页面 URL 和用户名并放入数据库中，因此数据库中的条目看起来像这样：

id  user    pageURL        timeStamp
96  naeem   /testapp/       2019-05-23 09:37:12.640613
97  naeem   /testapp/page2/ 2019-05-23 09:37:13.317271

这是我为中间件编写的代码：

from TestApp.models import ActivityLog


class AccessLogs(object):

    # One-time config
    def __init__(self, get_response):
        self.get_response = get_response

    def __call__(self, request):
        response = self.get_response(request)

        # Add the user and page info into DB
        try:
            ActivityLog(user=request.user, pageURL=request.path).save()
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)

        return response

问题是它给了我想要的结果，但是如果我单击可下载的文件或图像，它不会得到结果。就像我在网站上有一张静态图片，点击时下载，比如：

<a href="{% static 'TestApp/media/cat.jpg' %}" download>Click here to open image</a>

因此，如果我单击它，它会在控制台中显示图像已下载，但不会将其放入数据库中。有什么办法可以使这项工作？任何帮助将不胜感激！

编辑：settings.py：

import os

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

SECRET_KEY = ''

DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'TestApp',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'TestApp.middleware.LoggingMiddleware.AccessLogs',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'Test.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
        ,
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'Test.wsgi.application'

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
]

楷模：

from django.db import models

class ActivityLog(models.Model):
    user = models.CharField(max_length=1024)
    pageURL = models.CharField(max_length=1024)
    timeStamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        db_table = "activity_logs"

EDIT2：我试图访问的文件存储在 TestWebsite/TestApp/static/TestApp/media/cat.jpg

测试网站/TestApp/url.py：

from django.urls import path

from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.homePage, name='homePage'),
    path('page2/', views.homePage2, name='homepage2')
]

TestWebsite/TestWebsite/urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.views.static import serve
from django.views.decorators.cache import never_cache

nocache_serve = never_cache(serve)

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('testapp/', include('TestApp.url')),
] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT, view=nocache_serve)

测试网站/TestApp/views.py：

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse
import datetime

def homePage(request):
    time = datetime.datetime.now()
    return render(request, "TestApp/homePage.html", {"time": time})

def homePage2(request):
    return render(request, "TestApp/homePage2.html")
4

1 回答 1

2

通常Django's Middleware是为了有效的请求/响应管理而创建的。它有自己的阶段 ( process_request(), process_view(), process_response()) 等等。每次请求到达服务器时，Middleware都会被调用（但这并不是每次都发生，在提供静态文件时）。这是因为缓存行为。Django在浏览器缓存中缓存静态/媒体文件（使用Cache-Control标题）。当资源被缓存时，在下一个请求时从浏览器缓存中读取资源并且请求不会到达服务器上。Django使用from django.views.static import serve提供静态/媒体文件的方法。HTTP（此方法为缓存设置正确的标头）。

在您的urls.py中添加这些行。这是这里最重要的。

from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.views.static import serve
from django.views.decorators.cache import never_cache

nocache_serve = never_cache(serve) # never_cache is view decorator. we can use here, also. This will set correct HTTP headers to avoid caching behaviour.
urlpatterns = [
    #
    # your path goes here
    #
] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT, view=nocache_serve)

设置.py

# I think you already have this configuration in settings.
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
]

现在，您可以记录所有传入的请求（但不要忘记，避免静态/媒体文件的缓存行为是个坏主意）。

添加此代码后，不要忘记清除浏览器缓存并重新启动服务器。

希望能帮助到你。

于 2019-05-23T12:40:17.983 回答