android - 从具有平面视图层次结构的多个水平链创建垂直链 ConstraintLayout

Question

我正在尝试采用多个水平链接的按钮和 TextView 并将它们垂直链接为视图集，但仍保持平面视图层次结构。这是我的初始布局和代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTopLeft"
        style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="#eeeeee"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/lblTopLeft"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/btnTopRight"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        tools:text="1"
        tools:textSize="42sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/lblTopLeft"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/btnMiddleLeft"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/btnTopLeft"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/btnTopLeft"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnTopLeft"
        tools:text="Button 1" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTopRight"
        style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="#dddddd"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/lblTopRight"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/btnTopLeft"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        tools:text="2"
        tools:textSize="42sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/lblTopRight"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/btnMiddleRight"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/btnTopRight"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/btnTopRight"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnTopRight"
        tools:text="Button 2" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnMiddleLeft"
        style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="#cccccc"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/lblMiddleLeft"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/btnMiddleRight"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/lblTopLeft"
        tools:text="3"
        tools:textSize="42sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/lblMiddleLeft"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/btnBottomLeft"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/btnMiddleLeft"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/btnMiddleLeft"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnMiddleLeft"
        tools:text="Button 3" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnMiddleRight"
        style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="#bbbbbb"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/lblMiddleRight"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/btnMiddleLeft"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/lblTopRight"
        tools:text="4"
        tools:textSize="42sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/lblMiddleRight"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/btnBottomRight"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/btnMiddleRight"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/btnMiddleRight"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnMiddleRight"
        tools:text="Button 4" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnBottomLeft"
        style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="#aaaaaa"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/lblBottomLeft"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/btnBottomRight"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/lblMiddleLeft"
        tools:text="5"
        tools:textSize="42sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/lblBottomLeft"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/btnBottomLeft"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/btnBottomLeft"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnBottomLeft"
        tools:text="Button 5" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnBottomRight"
        style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="#999999"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/lblBottomRight"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/btnBottomLeft"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/lblMiddleRight"
        tools:text="6"
        tools:textSize="42sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/lblBottomRight"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/btnBottomRight"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/btnBottomRight"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnBottomRight"
        tools:text="Button 6" />

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

当我设置按钮及其 TextView 的可见性时，我希望同一行上的按钮填充剩余空间，但我希望它下方或上方的按钮保持在同一位置，直到该行上的两个按钮都有被隐藏了。隐藏同一行上的两个按钮后，我希望其余按钮填充剩余空间。例如，当我隐藏 Button 和 TextView 3 时，我希望布局看起来像这样：

但是目前如果我隐藏 Button 和 TextView 3，这就是当前发生的情况：

这是基于我当前代码的预期行为，但我正在寻找一种方法来防止垂直链向下折叠，直到按钮 4 也被隐藏。隐藏按钮 4 后，这是所需的结果：

我玩过障碍物，但在任何一点放置障碍物似乎都会导致按钮的动态高度复杂化，因为它会破坏垂直链。谁能提供一些关于如何通过平面视图层次结构实现这一点的见解？

Answer 1

将屏幕分成三个垂直链接的视图，如下所示：

我设置了背景颜色以使视图更加突出，但在实际实现中它们可能是透明的或设置为不可见。

现在，添加按钮和标签，使它们垂直限制在这些视图的内部。这确实打破了垂直链，但垂直尺寸现在由底层视图的垂直链控制。按钮和标签仍然链接到ConstraintLayout的两侧。

按钮和标签仍然像以前一样向左和向右调整大小。然而，现在，在一行中的所有视图都设置为“已消失”之前，下方的按钮将不会展开。

当一行中的所有按钮和标签也设置为“gone”时，您需要将底层视图设置为“gone”，因此您需要跟踪一行中按钮和标签的状态。

这是 XML：

activity_main.xml

<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout 
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <View
        android:id="@+id/topGroup"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="@android:color/holo_green_light"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@id/centerGroup"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <View
        android:id="@+id/centerGroup"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_light"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@id/bottomGroup"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/topGroup" />

    <View
        android:id="@+id/bottomGroup"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="@android:color/holo_orange_light"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/centerGroup" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTopLeft"
        style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="#eeeeee"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/lblTopLeft"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/btnTopRight"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@id/topGroup"
        tools:text="1"
        tools:textSize="42sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/lblTopLeft"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/topGroup"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/btnTopLeft"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/btnTopLeft"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnTopLeft"
        tools:text="Button 1" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTopRight"
        style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="#dddddd"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/lblTopRight"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/btnTopLeft"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@id/topGroup"
        tools:text="2"
        tools:textSize="42sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/lblTopRight"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/topGroup"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/btnTopRight"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/btnTopRight"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnTopRight"
        tools:text="Button 2" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnMiddleLeft"
        style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="#cccccc"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/lblMiddleLeft"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/btnMiddleRight"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/centerGroup"
        tools:text="3"
        tools:textSize="42sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/lblMiddleLeft"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/centerGroup"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/btnMiddleLeft"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/btnMiddleLeft"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnMiddleLeft"
        tools:text="Button 3" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnMiddleRight"
        style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="#bbbbbb"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/lblMiddleRight"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/btnMiddleLeft"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/centerGroup"
        tools:text="4"
        tools:textSize="42sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/lblMiddleRight"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/centerGroup"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/btnMiddleRight"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/btnMiddleRight"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnMiddleRight"
        tools:text="Button 4" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnBottomLeft"
        style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="#aaaaaa"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/lblBottomLeft"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/btnBottomRight"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@id/bottomGroup"
        tools:text="5"
        tools:textSize="42sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/lblBottomLeft"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@id/bottomGroup"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/btnBottomLeft"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/btnBottomLeft"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnBottomLeft"
        tools:text="Button 5" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnBottomRight"
        style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="#999999"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/lblBottomRight"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/btnBottomLeft"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/bottomGroup"
        tools:text="6"
        tools:textSize="42sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/lblBottomRight"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@id/bottomGroup"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/btnBottomRight"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/btnBottomRight"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnBottomRight"
        tools:text="Button 6" />

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>