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对于我的生活，我无法让以下查询工作......基本上它是对以下票证的修改： 在 oracle 中使用 Merge 语句触发。

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TABLE_UPDATE
  AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE ON DIM_TABLE
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
PRAGMA AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION;
BEGIN
IF INSERTING OR UPDATING
THEN
    MERGE INTO DIM_TABLE T_1
          USING( SELECT COL_1, max(VALID_FROM) AS LAST_DATE FROM 
DIM_TABLE
          GROUP BY COL_1) T_2
          ON (T_1. COL_1= T_2. COL_1)

    WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (T_1. VALID_FROM) VALUES(SYSDATE)

    WHEN MATCHED THEN
      UPDATE
      SET T_1.VALID_UNTIL = T_2.LAST_DATE
      WHERE T_1. VALID_UNTIL is null 
      AND T_1. VALID_FROM <> T_2.LAST_DATE;
   COMMIT;
 END IF; 
END;

所需功能：将一个值输入数据库 (COL_1)。如果该列没有匹配项，则将 VALID_FROM 日期输入为 sysdate。如果匹配，则脚本应更新前一行的 VALID_UNTIL 值（直到现在它仍为空，因为它仍然有效）。

我不断收到以下错误：死锁和最大递归级别超出（50）

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2 回答 2

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I really struggle getting your requirement. To me it seems that you want VALID_FROM to be either sysdate or the max value for each COL_1.

That I would do by making use of :NEW to manipulate current row

set linesize 250
drop table dim_Table;
create table dim_table (col_1 varchar2(50), valid_from timestamp);

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TABLE_UPDATE
  before INSERT OR UPDATE ON DIM_TABLE
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
  l_valid_from date;
BEGIN
  select max(valid_from) 
    into l_valid_from
   from  dim_table t1
   where t1.col_1 = :new.col_1;
   if l_valid_from is null then
     :new.valid_from := sysdate;
   else
     :new.valid_from := l_valid_from;
   end if;
END;

insert into dim_table (col_1) values ('TEST1');
select * from dim_table;
exec dbms_lock.sleep(1);
insert into dim_table (col_1) values ('TEST1');
select * from dim_table;
exec dbms_lock.sleep(1);
insert into dim_table (col_1) values ('TEST2');
select * from dim_table;
exec dbms_lock.sleep(1);
insert into dim_table (col_1) values ('TEST1');
select * from dim_table;
exec dbms_lock.sleep(1);
insert into dim_table (col_1) values ('TEST2');
select * from dim_table;

Output:

Table dropped.
Table created.
Trigger created.
1 row created.

COL_1                                              VALID_FROM                                        
-------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------
TEST1                                              30/04/2019 09:13:10.000000                        
1 row selected.
 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
1 row created.

COL_1                                              VALID_FROM                                        
-------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------
TEST1                                              30/04/2019 09:13:10.000000                        
TEST1                                              30/04/2019 09:13:10.000000                        

2 rows selected.
 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
1 row created.

COL_1                                              VALID_FROM                                        
-------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------
TEST1                                              30/04/2019 09:13:10.000000                        
TEST1                                              30/04/2019 09:13:10.000000                        
TEST2                                              30/04/2019 09:13:12.000000                        

3 rows selected.
 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
1 row created.

COL_1                                              VALID_FROM                                        
-------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------
TEST1                                              30/04/2019 09:13:10.000000                        
TEST1                                              30/04/2019 09:13:10.000000                        
TEST2                                              30/04/2019 09:13:12.000000                        
TEST1                                              30/04/2019 09:13:10.000000                        

4 rows selected.
 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
1 row created.

COL_1                                              VALID_FROM                                        
-------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------
TEST1                                              30/04/2019 09:13:10.000000                        
TEST1                                              30/04/2019 09:13:10.000000                        
TEST2                                              30/04/2019 09:13:12.000000                        
TEST1                                              30/04/2019 09:13:10.000000                        
TEST2                                              30/04/2019 09:13:12.000000                        

5 rows selected.
于 2019-04-30T07:16:26.483 回答
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谢谢@hol，@Alex Poole，我想我破解了。每次添加任何内容时，我都会使用触发器将数据插入 VALID_FROM：

 CREATE TABLE "DIM_TEST" (  "COL_1" VARCHAR2(20 BYTE), "VALID_UNTIL" TIMESTAMP (6), 
"DIM_TEST_PK" NUMBER, "VALID_FROM" TIMESTAMP (6) DEFAULT NULL) 

  create or replace TRIGGER T_DIM_TEST_DATE_INSERT
  BEFORE INSERT ON DIM_TEST
  FOR EACH ROW
  BEGIN
    :new.VALID_FROM := sysdate;
  END;

对于在添加重复项时更新前一行 VALID_FROM 的部分，我有以下触发器：

 create or replace TRIGGER TABLE_UPDATE
 after INSERT or update
 ON DIM_TEST
 FOR EACH ROW
 DECLARE
 PRAGMA AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION;
 BEGIN
 IF INSERTING
 THEN
    MERGE INTO DIM_TEST T_1
    USING (select :new.COL_1 from DUAL) T_2
      ON (T_1.COL_1 = :new.COL_1)

WHEN MATCHED THEN
  UPDATE
  SET T_1.VALID_UNTIL = (SYSDATE)
  WHERE T_1. VALID_UNTIL is null;
  --AND T_1. VALID_FROM <> (SELECT max(VALID_FROM) FROM DIM_TEST);
 END IF;  
COMMIT;
END;

唯一的缺点是，如果将现有行更新为重复行，那么第二个触发器将不会因为 IF INSERTING 子句而触发……当我将其更改为 IF INSERTING 或 UPDATING 时，它将生成一个无限循环……但我可以将用户限制为只能插入，所以这应该不是问题。

于 2019-05-02T17:33:03.953 回答