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我试图使用 BeautifulSoup 作为项目的一部分从 Twitter 上抓取一些数据。要抓取“以下”部分，我需要先登录，所以我尝试使用 MechanicalSoup 这样做。我知道登录是成功的，因为我收到了一封电子邮件，但是当我转到同一网站的不同页面以抓取数据时，它再次将我重定向到登录页面。

import mechanicalsoup
browser = mechanicalsoup.StatefulBrowser(soup_config={'features': 'lxml'},
    raise_on_404=True,
    user_agent='MyBot/0.1: mysite.example.com/bot_info',)
login_page = browser.get("https://twitter.com/login")
login_form = login_page.soup.findAll("form")
login_form = login_form[2]
login_form.find("input", {"name": "session[username_or_email]"})["value"] = "puturusername"
login_form.find("input", {"name": "session[password]"})["value"] = "puturpassword"
login_response = browser.submit(login_form, login_page.url)
login_response.soup()

这向我发送了一封成功的登录电子邮件，我尝试过：

page_stml = browser.open('https://twitter.com/MKBHD/following').text
page_soup = soup(page_html,"html.parser")
page_soup

我收到的页面包含https://twitter.com/login?redirect_after_login=%2FMKBHD%2Ffollowing&amp而不是实际的“关注”页面。

如果我尝试下面给出的代码而不是 'browser.open(' https://twitter.com/MKBHD/following ').text'：

# verify we are now logged in
page = browser.get_current_page()
print(page)
messages = page.find("div", class_="flash-messages")
if messages:
    print(messages.text)
assert page.select(".logout-form")

print(page.title.text)

# verify we remain logged in (thanks to cookies) as we browse the rest of
# the site
page3 = browser.open("https://github.com/MechanicalSoup/MechanicalSoup")
assert page3.soup.select(".logout-form”)

我得到输出：

----> 4 messages = page.find("div", class_="flash-messages")
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute ‘find’

更新：这login_response.soup() 给了我以下内容：

 </style>, <body>
 <noscript>
 <center>If you’re not redirected soon, please <a href="/">use this link</a>.</center>
 </noscript>
 <script nonce="O1gf092z/sXmKkH64mLOzQ==">

       document.cookie = "app_shell_visited=1;path=/;max-age=5";

       location.replace(location.href.split("#")[0]);
     </script>
 </body>, <noscript>
 <center>If you’re not redirected soon, please <a href="/">use this link</a>.</center>
 </noscript>, <center>If you’re not redirected soon, please <a href="/">use this link</a>.</center>, <a href="/">use this link</a>, <script nonce="O1gf092z/sXmKkH64mLOzQ==">

       document.cookie = "app_shell_visited=1;path=/;max-age=5";

       location.replace(location.href.split("#")[0]);
     </script>]
4

1 回答 1

2

为避免获取重定向页面，您可以使用 StatefulBrowser() 对象而不是 Browser()。

我写了一篇关于它的短文：https ://piratefache.ch/python-3-mechanize-and-beautifulsoup

import mechanicalsoup

if __name__ == "__main__":

    URL = "https://twitter.com/login"
    LOGIN = "your_login"
    PASSWORD = "your_password"
    TWITTER_NAME = "displayed_name" # Displayed username on Twitter

    # Create a browser object
    browser = mechanicalsoup.StatefulBrowser()

    # request Twitter login page
    browser.open(URL)

    # we grab the login form
    browser.select_form('form[action="https://twitter.com/sessions"]')

    # print form inputs
    browser.get_current_form().print_summary()

    # specify username and password
    browser["session[username_or_email]"] = LOGIN
    browser["session[password]"] = PASSWORD

    # submit form
    response = browser.submit_selected()

    # get current page output
    response_after_login = browser.get_current_page()

    # verify we are now logged in ( get img alt element containing username )
    # if you found a better way to check, let me know. Since twitter generate dynamically all theirs classes, its
    # pretty complicated to get better information
    user_element = response_after_login.select_one("img[alt="+TWITTER_NAME+"]")

    # if username is in the img field, it means the user is successfully connected
    if TWITTER_NAME in str(user_element):
        print("You're connected as " + TWITTER_NAME)
    else:
        print("Not connected")

资料来源：

于 2019-12-23T08:44:09.283 回答