1

早安!

TDictionary<String, TStringlist>我用字符串作为值和几个字符串作为值填充字典(delphi-collections-unit)。就像是:

  • 姓名 = 约翰、丽莎、斯坦
  • 技能 = 读、写、说
  • 年龄 = 12、14、16

(当然没有“,”)。我需要的是迭代这个字典并将值与键相乘。输出应该像

  • 姓名 = 约翰技能 = 阅读年龄 = 12
  • 姓名 = 约翰技能 = 阅读年龄 = 14
  • 姓名 = 约翰技能 = 阅读年龄 = 16
  • 姓名 = 约翰技能 = 写年龄 = 12
  • 姓名 = 约翰技能 = 写年龄 = 14
  • 姓名 = 约翰技能 = 写年龄 = 16
  • ...
  • 姓名 = 丽莎技能 = 阅读年龄 = 12
  • ...
  • 姓名 = 斯坦技能 = 说话年龄 = 16

所以每一个组合。我该怎么做?键的数量是动态的,tstringlist 的大小也是动态的。谢谢!现在解决了...

现在是范围的问题。以下是填充字典的过程。subsplits 和 splitstring 是字符串列表,它们在过程结束时被释放。dict是在程序块之后创建的(在main中?它是如何调用的?),调用填充方法,然后我想像代码示例中那样进行递归,但是dict中没有值... .

while not Eof(testfile) do
  begin
    ReadLn(testfile, text);
    if AnsiContainsStr(text, '=') then
    begin
      Split('=', text, splitarray);
      splitarray[0] := trim(splitarray[0]);
      splitarray[1] := DeleteSpaces(splitarray[1]);
      if AnsiStartsStr('data', splitarray[0]) then
      begin
        split(' ', splitarray[0], subsplit1);
        splitarray[0]:=subsplit1[1];
        split(',', splitarray[1], subsplit2);
        dict.Add(splitarray[0], subsplit2);
        for ValueName in dict.Values do
        begin
          for i := 0 to Valuename.Count - 1 do
          write('Values are : '+ Valuename[i]);
        writeln;
        end;//
      end;//
    end;//
  end;//
4

1 回答 1

6

使用 会使您想要的有点复杂TDictionary<string, TStringList>,因为这意味着可变数量的键。如果不是可变数量的键,您将不需要字典,您只需迭代 3 个 TStringLists。

也就是说,您遇到了经典的“生成所有排列”问题。可以使用递归或回溯来解决。递归更容易实现,回溯使用更少的堆栈空间。这是你的选择。这是一个完整的控制台应用程序,它完成整个交易,从初始化字典、填充字典、使用递归函数生成所有排列。

program Project23;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses
  SysUtils, Classes, Generics.Collections;

var
  Dict:TDictionary<string, TStringList>;
  L: TStringList;
  KeyName: string;
  KeysList: TStringList;

// Help procedure, adds a bunch of values to a "Key" in the dictionary
procedure QuickAddToDict(KeyName:string; values: array of string);
var L: TStringList;
    s: string;
begin
  // Try to get the TStringList from the dictionary. If we can't get it
  // we'll create a new one and add it to the dictionary
  if not Dict.TryGetValue(KeyName, L) then
  begin
    L := TStringList.Create;
    Dict.Add(KeyName, L);
  end;
  // Iterate over the values array and add stuff to the TStringList
  for s in values do
    L.Add(s);
end;

// Recursive routine to handle one KEY in the dictionary
procedure HandleOneKey(KeyIndex:Integer; PrevKeys:string);
var L:TStringList;
    i:Integer;
    Part: string;
    KeyName: string;
begin
  KeyName := KeysList[KeyIndex];
  L := Dict[KeyName];
  for i:=0 to L.Count-1 do
  begin
    Part := KeyName + '=' + L[i];
    if KeyIndex = (KeysList.Count-1) then
      WriteLn(PrevKeys + ' ' + Part) // This is a solution, we're at the last key
    else
      HandleOneKey(KeyIndex+1, PrevKeys + ' ' + Part); // Not at the last key, recursive call for the next key
  end;
end;

begin
  try
    Dict := TDictionary<string, TStringList>.Create;
    try

      // Add whatever you want to the Dict.
      // Using the helper routine to set up the dictionary faster.
      QuickAddToDict('names', ['john', 'lisa', 'stan']);
      QuickAddToDict('skills', ['read', 'write', 'speak']);
      QuickAddToDict('ages', ['12', '14', '16']);

      // Extract all the keys to a string list. Unfortunately the dictionary
      // doesn't offer a way to get a key name by index, so we have to use the
      // keys iterator to extract all keys first.
      KeysList := TStringList.Create;
      try
        for KeyName in Dict.Keys do
          KeysList.Add(KeyName);
        if KeysList.Count > 0 then
        begin
          // We got at least one key, we can start the recursive process.
          HandleOneKey(0, '');
        end;
      finally KeysList.Free;
      end;

      WriteLn;
      WriteLn('Press ENTER to make the window go away');
      ReadLn;

    finally
      // TDictionary doesn't own the keys or the values. Strings are managed types in
      // delphi, we don't need to worry about them, but we do need to free the TStringList's
      // We use the Values iterator for that!
      for L in Dict.Values do
        L.Free;
      Dict.Free;
    end;
  except
    on E: Exception do
      Writeln(E.ClassName, ': ', E.Message);
  end;
end.
于 2011-04-07T08:21:01.757 回答