我一直在修复这个 gcc 警告:我得到了方法“registerCalBack”的树版本,它们每个都采用通过 std::function 引入的不同“可调用”。根据我声明的各种可调用类型,我可以编译或不编译,gcc 发出警告“重载 registerCallBackxxxxx 的调用不明确”。
我知道编译器可以通过考虑参数而不是返回类型来解决重载,但在这种情况下,我无法理解为什么 gcc 会出现歧义:对我来说,每个 TCallBack ... 我定义的参数都不同,当我改变时第三个的返回类型,它编译......这真的让我很困惑。我想问题的一部分来自于一些参数实际上是不完整类型的事实,但这是从 SDL 标头访问它们的方式,所以我复制了我在这个线程中提供的示例。
在代码中的注释中,您获得了已编译的定义示例和其他未编译的定义示例。
我希望你们中的一些人会比我更好地理解,现在我不知道在哪里看。提前谢谢了。
这里要编译的 gcc 命令行:
-pedantic -W -Wall -Wextra -std=c++2a -Weffc++ -Wfatal-errors -Winit-self -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Winline -Wmissing-declarations -Wunreachable-code -Wshadow -Wswitch-enum -fstack-protector -Wstack-protector -O0
P。
#include <iostream>
#include <functional>
//This is how SDL_Renderer and SDL_Texture are declared in SDL.h, as incomplete type declaration, to make it opaque
//I reproduce it here with other name, to avoid the need to install SDL if you want to test
struct RENDERER;
typedef struct RENDERER RENDERER;
struct TEXTURE;
typedef struct TEXTURE TEXTURE;
//this is stupid, just to make test
struct dumb;
typedef struct dumb dumb;
class ClassUsingCallBacks // an instance of this class will use callbacks
{
public:
typedef std::function < RENDERER* (void) > TCallBack_GetRenderer;
typedef std::function < TEXTURE* (const std::string&) > TCallBack_GetTexture;
//this works:
// typedef std::function < dumb* (void) >
// typedef std::function < dumb* (TEXTURE*) >
// typedef std::function < int (TEXTURE*) >
// typedef std::function < TEXTURE* (TEXTURE*) >
// BUT THIS FAILED TO COMPILE :
// typdef std::function < void (TEXTURE*) >
// typdef std::function < void* (TEXTURE*) >
// typedef std::function < void (const std::string&, int, int, int)
typedef std::function < void (TEXTURE*) > TCallBack_removeTexture;
virtual ~ClassUsingCallBacks() {};
void registerCallBack(TCallBack_GetRenderer cb) {
std::cout << "Register a TCallBack_GetRenderer" << std::endl;
getRenderer = cb;
}
void registerCallBack(TCallBack_GetTexture cb) {
std::cout << "Register a TCallBack_GetTexture" << std::endl;
getTexture = cb;
}
void registerCallBack(TCallBack_removeTexture cb) {
std::cout << "Register a TCallBack_removeTexture" << std::endl;
removeTexture = cb;
}
//to test registered callbacks
void makeCalls(void) {
if (getRenderer) getRenderer();
if (getTexture) getTexture("a name");
//not this one since it's the one we failed to implement :/
// if (removeTexture) removeTexture();
}
protected:
TCallBack_GetRenderer getRenderer {};
TCallBack_GetTexture getTexture {};
TCallBack_removeTexture removeTexture {};
};
class ClassWithCallBacks
{
public:
virtual ~ClassWithCallBacks() {};
RENDERER* getRenderer(void) {
std::cout << "Inside getRenderer" << std::endl;
return nullptr;
}
TEXTURE* getTexture(const std::string& s) {
(void)s;
std::cout << "Inside getTexture" << std::endl;
return nullptr;
}
void removeTexture(TEXTURE* t) {
(void)t;
std::cout << "Inside removeTexture" << std::endl;
}
};
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
(void)argc;
(void)argv;
std::cout << "entering main" << std::endl;
ClassWithCallBacks calledObject;
ClassUsingCallBacks user;
auto cb_1 = std::bind(&ClassWithCallBacks::getRenderer, calledObject);
user.registerCallBack(cb_1);
auto cb_2 = std::bind(&ClassWithCallBacks::getTexture, calledObject, std::placeholders::_1);
user.registerCallBack(cb_2);
user.makeCalls();
std::cout << "Leaving main" << std::endl;
return 0;
}