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R 和 R Studio 相对较新，我正在尝试重新格式化文本文件以对其中的数据进行一些分析。我目前正在尝试使用 read.fwf 来整理数据，但似乎做错了什么，导致各种错误。我试图通过参考资料/指南来解决这些问题，但仍然很困难。有什么建议么？（代码、文本文件中的信息示例以及所需的格式如下）。

当前代码：

library(readr)
library(tidyr)
read.fwf("AK_JAN_2017_TMAS_", widths =c(1,2,6,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,3,4,2,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3), header = false, sep = "", row.names = c("Record Type", "FIPS", "Station ID", "Direction of Travel code", "Lane of Travel", "Year of Data", "Month of Data", "Day of Data", "Hour of Data", "Vehicle Class", "Open", "Total Weight of Vehicle", "Number of Axles", "A-axle Weight", "A-B Axle Spacing", "B-axle Weight", "B-C Axle Spacing", "C-axle Weight", "C-D Axle Spacing", "D-axle Spacing", "D-E Axle Spacing", "E-axle Weight", "E-F Axle Spacing", "F-axle Weight", "F-G Axle Spacing", "G-axle Weight", "G-H Axle Spacing", "H-axle Weight", "H-I Axle Spacing", "I-axle Weight", "I-J Axle Spacing", "J-axle Weight", "J-K Axle Spacing", "K-axle Weight", "K-L Axle Spacing", "L-axle Weight", "L-M Axle Spacing", "M-axle Weight"), col.names = NULL, n = -1, buffersize = 2000, fileencoding = "" )

文本文件示例：

W02000103311701021610061031206057054056013054096054015053015038 W02000103311701021606055024403039038084005121 W02000103311701021609067028505040038054013065104062012064 W02000103311701021705073004302024043019 W02000103311701021710066045606055070075015088094085018086018067 W02000103311701021710080044706052069075015087096083018085018065 W02000103311701021805076007402034056040 W02000103311701021805076004802025043023 W02000103311701021905077002402010051014 W02000103311701021905072004702026042021 W02000103311701021906044020303068053067015068 W02000103311701022006066014803057045049014042 W02000103311701022006053012903058041038014033 W02000103311701022005060003702020043017 W02000103311701022006063009503046047023014026 W02000103311701022105072006602036060030 W02000103311701022206068017703045050059015073W02000103311701022305065006902033037036 W02000103311701030005066008802032038056 W02000103311701030305066008202037063045

所需的数据格式：

在此处输入图像描述

问题：

 library(readr)
 library(tidyr)
 AK_JAN_2017_TMAS_ <- read.table("~/R Studio Sessions/AK_JAN_2017_TMAS_.txt", quote="\"", comment.char="")
   View(AK_JAN_2017_TMAS_)
 left<-c(2,4,10,11,12,14,16,18,20,22,25,29,31,34,37,40,43,46,49,52,55,58,61,64,67,70,73,76,79,82,85,88,91,94,97,100,103)
 right<-c(3,9,10,11,13,15,17,19,21,24,28,30,33,36,39,42,45,48,51,54,57,60,63,66,69,72,75,78,81,84,87,90,93,96,99,102,105)
 df <- data.frame(matrix(numeric(length(x)*length(left)),ncol=length(left)))
Error in numeric(length(x) * length(left)) : object 'x' not found
 for (i in 1:length(input.set)) {
     stop <- nchar(x[i])
     for (j in 1:length(left)) {
         df[i,j] <- as.numeric(substr(input.set[i], left[j], right[j]))
         if (right[j] ==  stop) break
     }
 }
Error in length(input.set) : object 'input.set' not found
 df <- data.frame(AK_JAN_2017_TMAS_(numeric(length(x)*length(left)),ncol=length(left)))
Error in AK_JAN_2017_TMAS_(numeric(length(x) * length(left)), ncol = length(left)) : 
  could not find function "AK_JAN_2017_TMAS_"
 for (i in 1:length(input.set)) {
     stop <- nchar(x[i])
     for (j in 1:length(left)) {
         df[i,j] <- as.numeric(substr(input.set[i], left[j], right[j]))
         if (right[j] ==  stop) break
     }
 }

 df <- data.frame(matrix(numeric(length(x)*length(left)),ncol=length(left)))
Error in numeric(length(x) * length(left)) : object 'x' not found
 for (i in 1:length('AK_JAN_2017_TMAS_'.set)) {
Error: unexpected symbol in "for (i in 1:length('AK_JAN_2017_TMAS_'.set"
     stop <- nchar(x[i])
Error in nchar(x[i]) : object 'x' not found
     for (j in 1:length(left)) {
         df[i,j] <- as.numeric(substr(input.set[i], left[j], right[j]))
         if (right[j] ==  stop) break
     }
Error in substr(input.set[i], left[j], right[j]) : 
  object 'input.set' not found
 }
Error: unexpected '}' in "}"


And a few changes I attempted to make:

     df <- data.frame(matrix(numeric(length(x)*length(left)),ncol=length(left)))
    for (i in 1:length('AK_JAN_2017_TMAS_'.set)) {
        stop <- nchar(x[i])
        for (j in 1:length(left)) {
            df[i,j] <- as.numeric(substr(input.set[i], left[j], right[j]))
            if (right[j] ==  stop) break
        }
    }
4

1 回答 1

1

不同的线长可能是个问题。您可以按如下方式逐行执行此操作：

构造两个显示值边界的列表（我们跳过“W”）。这些将用于提取变量的子字符串。

left<-c(2,4,10,11,12,14,16,18,20,22,25,29,31,34,37,40,
        43,46,49,52,55,58,61,64,67,70,73,76,79,82,85,88,91,94,97,100,103)

right<-c(3,9,10,11,13,15,17,19,21,24,28,30,33,36,39,42,
         45,48,51,54,57,60,63,66,69,72,75,78,81,84,87,90,93,96,99,102,105)

在输入行上循环，从子字符串生成数字。您只想处理 each 的最后一个可能值以防止s，因此根据每个数据字符串中的字符数创建一个标记NA变量 ( )。stop

df <- data.frame(matrix(numeric(length(input.set)*length(left)),ncol=length(left)))
for (i in 1:length(input.set)) {
    stop <- nchar(input.set[i])
    for (j in 1:length(left)) {
        df[i,j] <- as.numeric(substr(input.set[i], left[j], right[j]))
        if (right[j] ==  stop) break
    }
}

然后，您可以为列添加名称。

nvals <- c("FIPS","StaID","Dir","Lane","Year","Month","Day","Hour","Class",
           "Open", "TotW", "Axles",
           "AW","ASp","BW","BSp","CW","CSp","DW","DSp",
           "EW","ESp","FW","FSp","GW","GSp","HW","HSp",
           "IW","ISp","JW","JSp","KW","KSp","LW","LSp","MW")
names(df) <- nvals

以下是结果数据框中的几行：

  FIPS StaID Dir Lane Year Month Day Hour Class Open TotW Axles AW ASp BW BSp  CW
1    2   103   3    1   17     1   2   16    10   61  312     6 57  54 56  13  54
2    2   103   3    1   17     1   2   16     6   55  244     3 39  38 84   5 121
3    2   103   3    1   17     1   2   16     9   67  285     5 40  38 54  13  65
  CSp DW DSp EW ESp FW FSp GW GSp HW HSp IW ISp JW JSp KW KSp LW LSp MW
1  96 54  15 53  15 38   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0
2   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0
3 104 62  12 64   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0   0  0
于 2019-03-26T21:21:29.807 回答