sql - 在列中的两个值之间重复值

Question

我正在尝试重复列中的第一个特定非空值，直到同一列中的下一个特定非空值。我怎么做？

数据如下所示：

ID | Msg  
---+-----
 1 |     
 2 |  
 3 |  
 4 |  
 5 | Beg  
 6 | End  
 7 |  
 8 | Beg  
 9 |  
10 |   
11 |  
12 | End

它应该是这样的：

ID | Msg  
---+-----
 1 |     
 2 |  
 3 |  
 4 |  
 5 | Beg  
 6 | End  
 7 |  
 8 | Beg    
 9 | Beg   
10 | Beg    
11 | Beg  
12 | End

我调查了一下LAG()，LEAD()但我一直认为我必须使用 a CURSOR。我只知道这些，但还没有在这种情况下使用它们。

Answer 1

只是另一个使用标志和sum() over

例子

Select ID
      ,Msg = case when sum( case when [Msg]='Beg' then  1 when [Msg]='End' then -1  else 0 end ) over (order by ID) = 1 and Msg='' then 'Beg' else Msg end
 From  YourTable

退货

ID  Msg
1   
2   
3   
4   
5   Beg
6   End
7   
8   Beg
9   Beg
10  Beg
11  Beg
12  End

Answer 2

由于您使用的是 MSSQL，因此您可以编写一个 CTE 来获得您正在寻找的结果。

试试这个 CTE：

declare @tab table
(
    id int,
    msg char(3)
)

insert into @tab
values  
(1, ''),
(2, ''),   
(3, ''),   
(4, ''),   
(5, 'Beg'),   
(6, 'End'),   
(7, ''),   
(8, 'Beg'),   
(9, ''),   
(10, ''),
(11, ''),   
(12, 'End')

;with cte as
(
    select top 1 tab.id, tab.msg
    from @tab tab
    order by tab.id

    union all

    select tab.id, case when tab.msg = '' and cte.msg = 'beg' then cte.msg else tab.msg end
    from @tab tab
    inner join cte cte on cte.id + 1 = tab.id
)

select *
from cte

Answer 3

数据

DECLARE @id AS TABLE (
    ID INT
,   MSG VARCHAR(3)
)

INSERT INTO @ID (ID, MSG)
SELECT 1, ''
UNION
SELECT 2, ''
UNION
SELECT 3, ''
UNION
SELECT 4, ''
UNION
SELECT 5, 'Beg'
UNION
SELECT 6, 'End'
UNION
SELECT 7, ''
UNION
SELECT 8, 'Beg'
UNION
SELECT 9, ''
UNION
SELECT 10, ''
UNION
SELECT 11, ''
UNION
SELECT 12, 'End'

询问

SELECT 
    final.id 
,   CASE 
        WHEN msg = '' AND C.begCount>c.EndCount THEN 'Beg' 
        ELSE final.MSG
    END Msg
FROM @id final
INNER JOIN 
(
SELECT ID
,   (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM @ID B WHERE B.ID < MAIN.ID AND MSG ='BEG') begCount
,   (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM @ID B WHERE B.ID < MAIN.ID AND MSG ='END') EndCount 
FROM @id MAIN
) C
ON C.ID = final.ID

Answer 4

这是没有自连接的 sql - 仅使用窗口函数

select
     dat.id, 
     isnull(nullif(max(dat.msg) over (partition by dat.gr), 'End'), dat.msg) as msg
from (
    select
         dat.id,
         dat.msg,
         dat.wind + sum(dat.is_end) over (order by dat.id) as gr
    from (
        select
             t.id, 
             t.msg,
             sum(iif(t.msg = 'Beg' ,1,0)) over (order by t.id) as wind,
             iif (t.msg = 'End', 1, 0) as is_end
        from t
    ) dat
) dat

Answer 5

您可以尝试以下代码，它适用于您询问的情况，但不确定它是否适用于所有其他情况，因为 case 语句特定于上述定位：

WITH cte AS(
SELECT *, LEAD(Msg, 1, 0) OVER (ORDER BY ID) AS leadval, LAG(Msg, 1, 0) OVER (ORDER BY ID) AS lagval
FROM msg),
cte2 AS(
SELECT cte.ID,
       cte.Msg,
       cte.leadval,
       cte.lagval,
       CASE WHEN cte.Msg = 'Beg' THEN 'Beg'
       WHEN cte.Msg = '' AND cte.leadval = '' AND cte.lagval = 'Beg' THEN 'Beg'
       WHEN cte.Msg = '' AND cte.leadval = 'END' THEN 'Beg'
       ELSE cte.Msg end AS Msg2
FROM cte), cte3 AS(
SELECT *, LEAD(cte2.Msg2, 1, 0) OVER (ORDER BY cte2.ID) AS 'LeadVal2'
FROM cte2)
SELECT ID, CASE WHEN cte3.Msg2 = '' AND cte3.LeadVal2 = 'Beg' AND cte3.leadval <> 'Beg' THEN 'Beg' ELSE cte3.Msg2 END AS msg
FROM cte3

输出：