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我已经安装了完整的 oracle 客户端 12.2.0，并且我正在尝试使用 SSMA 将一些数据库从 oracle 迁移到 sql server，但是当我尝试连接到 oracle 时，出现以下错误：

Unable to find specified provider.
Compatible Oracle Data Access Connectivity libraries were not found on the machine.

我已经设置了环境变量 HOME_ORACLE 并且 PATH 是在安装过程中默认设置的，所以我排除了问题的存在。我还搜索了有关 ODAC 的信息，所有提示都让我想起了 oracle istant 提供程序，但是由于我已经使用管理员安装（完整）安装了客户端，所以我认为安装也会涵盖它们。有什么建议吗？

编辑：我尝试使用标准模式和 tnsnames 模式登录，但结果是一样的

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1 回答 1

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看起来 Oracle Universal Installer 12.2 中有一个错误，它没有注册 ODP.NET 组件。您可以运行下面的脚本（根据您的系统修改文件夹名称）以正确配置它们。

set Oracle_x64=c:\oracle\product\12.1\Client_x64\odp.net
set OraProvCfg_x64=%Oracle_x64%\bin\4\OraProvCfg.exe

set Oracle_x86=c:\oracle\product\12.1\Client_x86\odp.net
set OraProvCfg_x86=%Oracle_x86%\bin\4\OraProvCfg.exe

set TNS_ADMIN=C:\oracle\network\admin



IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\managed\common\Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\managed\common\Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\managed\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.121.Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\managed\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.121.Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\managed\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.122.Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\managed\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.122.Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll

IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\managed\common\Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:config /product:odpm /frameworkversion:v4.0.30319 /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\managed\common\Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll /set:settings\TNS_ADMIN:%TNS_ADMIN%
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x86%\managed\common\Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x86%" /action:config /product:odpm /frameworkversion:v4.0.30319 /providerpath:%Oracle_x86%\managed\common\Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll /set:settings\TNS_ADMIN:%TNS_ADMIN%

rem Oracle.ManagedDataAccessDTC was used in earlier versions, not used anymore
"%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:ungac /providerpath:Oracle.ManagedDataAccessDTC

IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\bin\2.x\Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\bin\2.x\Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.102.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.102.Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.111.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.111.Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.112.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.112.Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.121.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.121.Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.122.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.122.Oracle.DataAccess.dll

IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\bin\4\Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\bin\4\Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.112.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.112.Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.121.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.121.Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.122.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x64%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x64%\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.122.Oracle.DataAccess.dll

IF EXIST "%Oracle_x86%\bin\2.x\Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x86%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x86%\bin\2.x\Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.102.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x86%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.102.Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.111.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x86%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.111.Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.112.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x86%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.112.Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.121.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x86%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.121.Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.122.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x86%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\2.x\Policy.2.122.Oracle.DataAccess.dll

IF EXIST "%Oracle_x86%\bin\4\Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x86%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x86%\bin\4\Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.112.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x86%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.112.Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.121.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x86%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.121.Oracle.DataAccess.dll
IF EXIST "%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.122.Oracle.DataAccess.dll" "%OraProvCfg_x86%" /action:gac /providerpath:%Oracle_x86%\PublisherPolicy\4\Policy.4.122.Oracle.DataAccess.dll

更新

根据Oracle Doc ID 2272241.1，这似乎是有意的：

适用于：适用于
.NET 的 Oracle 数据提供程序 - 版本 12.1.0.2 及更高版本
Microsoft Windows x64（64 位）
Microsoft Windows（32 位）

症状
为 .Net 安装 12.2 Oracle 数据提供程序时，提供程序不会自动在全局程序集缓存 (GAC) 中注册。

更改
为 .Net 的 Oracle Provider 的 12.2 版本

原因
这是预期的行为。由于如此多的环境同时使用多个版本的 ODP.Net，从 12.2 开始，默认情况下，安装程序不会自动在 GAC 中注册 ODP.Net 提供程序。

解决方案
按照文档 ID 1169890.1 中所述手动将 dll 注册到 GAC：HOWTO：使用 OraProvCfg.exe 的示例从全局程序集缓存中添加/删除 Oracle 程序集

但是，我认为这是一个错误。并行运行多个版本的 ODP.Net 是相当困难的，因为版本必须与Oracle 客户端的版本完全Oracle.DataAccess.dll匹配。安装多个 Oracle 客户端（即 64 位和 32 位各一个以上）通常会导致很多问题，而且并不常见。

于 2019-01-03T10:44:39.920 回答