我正在使用带有标准 ImageField 的 1.2.5 并使用内置存储后端。文件上传正常,但是当我从管理员中删除条目时,服务器上的实际文件不会删除。
13 回答
您可以接收pre_delete
orpost_delete
信号(参见下面@toto_tico 的评论)并调用 FileField 对象的delete()方法,因此(在 models.py 中):
class MyModel(models.Model):
file = models.FileField()
...
# Receive the pre_delete signal and delete the file associated with the model instance.
from django.db.models.signals import pre_delete
from django.dispatch.dispatcher import receiver
@receiver(pre_delete, sender=MyModel)
def mymodel_delete(sender, instance, **kwargs):
# Pass false so FileField doesn't save the model.
instance.file.delete(False)
pip install django-cleanup
设置.py
INSTALLED_APPS = (
...
'django_cleanup.apps.CleanupConfig',
)
Django 1.5 解决方案:出于我的应用程序内部的各种原因,我使用 post_delete。
from django.db.models.signals import post_delete
from django.dispatch import receiver
@receiver(post_delete, sender=Photo)
def photo_post_delete_handler(sender, **kwargs):
photo = kwargs['instance']
storage, path = photo.original_image.storage, photo.original_image.path
storage.delete(path)
我把它放在models.py文件的底部。
该original_image
字段ImageField
在我的Photo
模型中。
这段代码在 Django 1.4 上也可以通过管理面板运行良好。
class ImageModel(models.Model):
image = ImageField(...)
def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
# You have to prepare what you need before delete the model
storage, path = self.image.storage, self.image.path
# Delete the model before the file
super(ImageModel, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
# Delete the file after the model
storage.delete(path)
在删除模型之前获取存储和路径很重要,否则如果删除,后者也将保持无效。
您需要删除 和 上的实际delete
文件update
。
from django.db import models
class MyImageModel(models.Model):
image = models.ImageField(upload_to='images')
def remove_on_image_update(self):
try:
# is the object in the database yet?
obj = MyImageModel.objects.get(id=self.id)
except MyImageModel.DoesNotExist:
# object is not in db, nothing to worry about
return
# is the save due to an update of the actual image file?
if obj.image and self.image and obj.image != self.image:
# delete the old image file from the storage in favor of the new file
obj.image.delete()
def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
# object is being removed from db, remove the file from storage first
self.image.delete()
return super(MyImageModel, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
# object is possibly being updated, if so, clean up.
self.remove_on_image_update()
return super(MyImageModel, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
您可以考虑使用 pre_delete 或 post_delete 信号:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/signals/
当然,取消 FileField 自动删除的原因同样适用于此。如果您删除在其他地方引用的文件,您将遇到问题。
就我而言,这似乎很合适,因为我有一个专用的文件模型来管理我的所有文件。
注意:由于某种原因 post_delete 似乎无法正常工作。该文件被删除,但数据库记录仍然存在,这与我的预期完全相反,即使在错误情况下也是如此。pre_delete 工作正常。
也许有点晚了。但对我来说最简单的方法是使用 post_save 信号。请记住,即使在 QuerySet 删除过程中也会执行信号,但是在 QuerySet 删除过程中不会执行 [model].delete() 方法,因此它不是覆盖它的最佳选择。
核心/模型.py:
from django.db import models
from django.db.models.signals import post_delete
from core.signals import delete_image_slide
SLIDE1_IMGS = 'slide1_imgs/'
class Slide1(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length = 200)
description = models.CharField(max_length = 200)
image = models.ImageField(upload_to = SLIDE1_IMGS, null = True, blank = True)
video_embed = models.TextField(null = True, blank = True)
enabled = models.BooleanField(default = True)
"""---------------------------- SLIDE 1 -------------------------------------"""
post_delete.connect(delete_image_slide, Slide1)
"""--------------------------------------------------------------------------"""
核心/信号.py
import os
def delete_image_slide(sender, **kwargs):
slide = kwargs.get('instance')
try:
os.remove(slide.image.path)
except:
pass
使用 post_delete 肯定是正确的方法。有时虽然事情可能会出错,但文件不会被删除。当然,在使用 post_delete 之前,您有一堆未删除的旧文件。我创建了一个函数,它根据对象引用的文件是否不存在然后删除对象来删除对象的文件,如果文件没有对象,那么也删除,它也可以根据“活动”标志删除对象.. 我添加到我的大多数模型中的东西。您必须将要检查的对象、对象文件的路径、文件字段和用于删除非活动对象的标志传递给它:
def cleanup_model_objects(m_objects, model_path, file_field='image', clear_inactive=False):
# PART 1 ------------------------- INVALID OBJECTS
#Creates photo_file list based on photo path, takes all files there
model_path_list = os.listdir(model_path)
#Gets photo image path for each photo object
model_files = list()
invalid_files = list()
valid_files = list()
for obj in m_objects:
exec("f = ntpath.basename(obj." + file_field + ".path)") # select the appropriate file/image field
model_files.append(f) # Checks for valid and invalid objects (using file path)
if f not in model_path_list:
invalid_files.append(f)
obj.delete()
else:
valid_files.append(f)
print "Total objects", len(model_files)
print "Valid objects:", len(valid_files)
print "Objects without file deleted:", len(invalid_files)
# PART 2 ------------------------- INVALID FILES
print "Files in model file path:", len(model_path_list)
#Checks for valid and invalid files
invalid_files = list()
valid_files = list()
for f in model_path_list:
if f not in model_files:
invalid_files.append(f)
else:
valid_files.append(f)
print "Valid files:", len(valid_files)
print "Files without model object to delete:", len(invalid_files)
for f in invalid_files:
os.unlink(os.path.join(model_path, f))
# PART 3 ------------------------- INACTIVE PHOTOS
if clear_inactive:
#inactive_photos = Photo.objects.filter(active=False)
inactive_objects = m_objects.filter(active=False)
print "Inactive Objects to Delete:", inactive_objects.count()
for obj in inactive_objects:
obj.delete()
print "Done cleaning model."
这是您可以使用的方法:
photos = Photo.objects.all()
photos_path, tail = ntpath.split(photos[0].image.path) # Gets dir of photos path, this may be different for you
print "Photos -------------->"
cleanup_model_objects(photos, photos_path, file_field='image', clear_inactive=False) # image file is default
这个功能将在 Django 1.3 中被删除,所以我不会依赖它。
您可以覆盖相关delete
模型的方法以在从数据库中完全删除条目之前删除文件。
编辑:
这是一个简单的例子。
class MyModel(models.Model):
self.somefile = models.FileField(...)
def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
somefile.delete()
super(MyModel, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
确保在文件前写上“ self ”。所以上面的例子应该是
def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.somefile.delete()
super(MyModel, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
我忘记了我的文件之前的“自我”,因为它在全局命名空间中查找时不起作用。
Django 2.x 解决方案:
无需安装任何软件包!在Django 2中很容易处理。我尝试过使用 Django 2 和 SFTP 存储的以下解决方案(但我认为它适用于任何存储)
首先编写一个自定义管理器。因此,如果您希望能够使用objects
方法删除模型的文件,则必须编写并使用 [Custom Manager][3](用于覆盖delete()
方法objects
):
class CustomManager(models.Manager):
def delete(self):
for obj in self.get_queryset():
obj.delete()
现在您必须先删除image
,然后再删除模型本身并将 分配CustomManager
给模型,您必须在模型中初始化objects
:
class MyModel(models.Model):
image = models.ImageField(upload_to='/pictures/', blank=True)
objects = CustomManager() # add CustomManager to model
def delete(self, using=None, keep_parents=False):
objects = CustomManager() # just add this line of code inside of your model
def delete(self, using=None, keep_parents=False):
self.image.storage.delete(self.song.name)
super().delete()
如果您的项目中已经有许多未使用的文件并且想要删除它们,您可以使用 django 实用程序django-unused-media
我可能有一个特殊情况,因为我在我的文件字段上使用带有动态目录名称的 upload_to 选项,但我找到的解决方案是使用 os.rmdir。
在模型中:
import os
...
class Some_Model(models.Model):
save_path = models.CharField(max_length=50)
...
def delete(self, *args,**kwargs):
os.rmdir(os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT, self.save_path)
super(Some_Model,self).delete(*args, **kwargs)