可用答案的时间比较
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我的解释是:
从性能的角度来看,您应该选择 Abhishek Patel 或 Carles Mitjans 以获得较小的列表。
对于包含几十个或更多值的列表,numpy 数组然后有条件地添加具有较小绝对值的差异似乎是最快的解决方案。
用于时序比较的代码:
import timeit
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.style.use('ggplot')
rep = 5
timings = dict()
for n in range(7):
print(f'N = 10^{n}')
N = 10**n
setup = f'''import numpy as np\nthe_list = np.random.random({N})*6+3\nhi = 9\nlo = 3\ndlt = hi - lo\nmid = (hi + lo) / 2\ndef return_the_num(l, lst, h):\n return [l if abs(l-x) < abs(h-x) else h for x in lst]'''
fct = 'np.round((the_list - lo)/dlt) * dlt + lo'
t = timeit.Timer(fct, setup=setup)
timings['SpghttCd_np'] = timings.get('SpghttCd_np', []) + [np.min(t.repeat(repeat=rep, number=1))]
fct = 'return_the_num(3, the_list, 9)'
t = timeit.Timer(fct, setup=setup)
timings['Austin'] = timings.get('Austin', []) + [np.min(t.repeat(repeat=rep, number=1))]
fct = '[(lo, hi)[mid < v] for v in the_list]'
t = timeit.Timer(fct, setup=setup)
timings['SpghttCd_lc'] = timings.get('SpghttCd_lc', []) + [np.min(t.repeat(repeat=rep, number=1))]
setup += '\nround_the_num = lambda list, upper, lower: [upper if x > (upper + lower) / 2 else lower for x in list]'
fct = 'round_the_num(the_list, 9, 3)'
t = timeit.Timer(fct, setup=setup)
timings['Carles Mitjans'] = timings.get('Carles Mitjans', []) + [np.min(t.repeat(repeat=rep, number=1))]
setup += '\nupper_lower_bound_list=[3,9]'
fct = '[min(upper_lower_bound_list, key=lambda x:abs(x-myNumber)) for myNumber in the_list]'
t = timeit.Timer(fct, setup=setup)
timings['mad_'] = timings.get('mad_', []) + [np.min(t.repeat(repeat=rep, number=1))]
setup += '\ndef return_bound(x, l, h):\n low = abs(x - l)\n high = abs(x - h)\n if low < high:\n return l\n else:\n return h'
fct = '[return_bound(x, 3, 9) for x in the_list]'
t = timeit.Timer(fct, setup=setup)
timings["Scratch'N'Purr"] = timings.get("Scratch'N'Purr", []) + [np.min(t.repeat(repeat=rep, number=1))]
setup += '\ndef round_the_list(list, bound_1, bound_2):\n\tmid = (bound_1+bound_2)/2\n\tfor i in range(len(list)):\n\t\tif list[i] > mid:\n\t\t\tlist[i] = bound_2\n\t\telse:\n\t\t\tlist[i] = bound_1'
fct = 'round_the_list(the_list, 3, 9)'
t = timeit.Timer(fct, setup=setup)
timings["Abhishek Patel"] = timings.get("Abhishek Patel", []) + [np.min(t.repeat(repeat=rep, number=1))]
fct = 'dhi = 9 - the_list\ndlo = 3 - the_list\nidx = dhi + dlo < 0\nthe_list + np.where(idx, dhi, dlo)'
t = timeit.Timer(fct, setup=setup)
timings["SpghttCd_where"] = timings.get("SpghttCd_where", []) + [np.min(t.repeat(repeat=rep, number=1))]
print('done')
df = pd.DataFrame(timings, 10**np.arange(n+1))
ax = df.plot(logx=True, logy=True)
ax.set_xlabel('length of the list')
ax.set_ylabel('seconds to run')
ax.get_lines()[-1].set_c('g')
plt.legend()
print(df)