我的代码与 py4j 网站上显示的示例完全相同:
除了我的类都在同一个 src.main.java 包中
(代码见下文)
问题: 如果我使用 ListenerApplication 作为主要构建 gradle fatjar,然后执行 jar,一切正常。如果我进行 gradle fatjar 构建并通过插件接口访问代码,则会收到以下错误:
Py4JError: An error occurred while calling o0.registerListener. Trace:
py4j.Py4JException: Invalid interface name: ExampleListener
    at py4j.Protocol.getPythonProxy(Protocol.java:429)
    at py4j.Protocol.getObject(Protocol.java:311)
    at py4j.commands.AbstractCommand.getArguments(AbstractCommand.java:82)
    at py4j.commands.CallCommand.execute(CallCommand.java:77)
    at py4j.GatewayConnection.run(GatewayConnection.java:238)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
问题:当 .jar 作为插件而不是作为应用程序运行时,为什么 Py4J 找不到“ExampleListener”?我什至可以添加:
public String classtest() throws Exception {
    System.out.println("classtest called");
    Class<?> py = Class.forName("ExampleListener");
    return py.toString();
}
到 ListenerApplication,它将在作为插件和应用程序运行时返回正确的接口!有趣的是,如果我从 netbeans IDE 运行程序和插件,一切正常!Netbeans 是否以某种方式公开接口,而应用程序直接运行,不是吗?
插件接口
import org.micromanager.MenuPlugin;
import org.micromanager.Studio;
import org.scijava.plugin.Plugin;
import org.scijava.plugin.SciJavaPlugin;
import py4j.GatewayServer;
@Plugin(type = MenuPlugin.class)
public class Py4JPluginInterface implements MenuPlugin, SciJavaPlugin{
    private static final String menuName = "Simpletest_gradle";
    private static final String tooltipDescription = "py4j gateway";
    private static final String version =  "0.1";
    private static final String copyright = "copyright";
    @Override
    public String getSubMenu() {
        return "Simpletest_gradle";
    }
    @Override
    public void onPluginSelected() {
        GatewayServer gatewayServer = new GatewayServer(new ListenerApplication());
        gatewayServer.start();
        System.out.println("Gateway Started at IP:port = "+gatewayServer.getAddress()+":"+gatewayServer.getPort());
    }
    @Override
    public void setContext(Studio app) {
    }
    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return menuName;
    }
    @Override
    public String getHelpText() {
        return tooltipDescription;
    }
    @Override
    public String getVersion() {
        return version;
    }
    @Override
    public String getCopyright() {
        return copyright;
    }
}
界面:
//py4j/examples/ExampleListener.java
package py4j.examples;
public interface ExampleListener {
    Object notify(Object source);
}
应用程序:
package py4j.examples;
import py4j.GatewayServer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class ListenerApplication {
    List<ExampleListener> listeners = new ArrayList<ExampleListener>();
    public void registerListener(ExampleListener listener) {
        listeners.add(listener);
    }
    public void notifyAllListeners() {
        for (ExampleListener listener: listeners) {
            Object returnValue = listener.notify(this);
            System.out.println(returnValue);
        }
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "<ListenerApplication> instance";
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ListenerApplication application = new ListenerApplication();
        GatewayServer server = new GatewayServer(application);
        server.start(true);
    }
}
蟒蛇监听器
from py4j.java_gateway import JavaGateway, CallbackServerParameters
class PythonListener(object):
    def __init__(self, gateway):
        self.gateway = gateway
    def notify(self, obj):
        print("Notified by Java")
        print(obj)
        gateway.jvm.System.out.println("Hello from python!")
        return "A Return Value"
    class Java:
        implements = ["py4j.examples.ExampleListener"]
if __name__ == "__main__":
    gateway = JavaGateway(
        callback_server_parameters=CallbackServerParameters())
    listener = PythonListener(gateway)
    gateway.entry_point.registerListener(listener)
    gateway.entry_point.notifyAllListeners()
    gateway.shutdown()