这个答案已经过时,但了解技术背景可能会很有趣。RAD Studio 10.4 Sydney 现在支持使用开箱即用的 Edge 浏览器。请参阅我的其他答案。
WebView 控件通过 WinRT 提供,不依赖于 .net。您可以从普通的 Win32 应用程序中使用它。
WinRT(Windows 运行时),现在在 Windows 10 中更名为 UWP(通用 Windows 平台),类似于 COM 的继任者。
与 COM 一样,它在很大程度上基于接口,可用接口在类型库中定义。对于 WinRT,类型库存储在 Windows 系统目录中的 *.WinMD 文件中。包含我们需要嵌入 Edge 浏览器的功能的类型库是Windows.Web.winmd
.
Delphi 确实支持使用 WinRT 组件,并且它附带了一些类型库的翻译以及一些额外的帮助函数和类以与 WinRT 一起使用。
但是,目前还没有工具可以自动将 WinMD 文件或从 WinMD 文件派生的 IDL 文件转换为 Delphi 代码。如果您想使用 Delphi 未附带的 WinRT 功能,您必须手动将类型定义转换为 Delphi 代码。
WinRT 大量使用与通用接口在 Delphi 中的工作方式不兼容的通用接口(带有类型参数的接口)。这需要在翻译类型定义时进行一些手动调整。
如果您安装 Windows 平台 SDK,您会在类似Drive:\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.17134.0\winrt
.
我使用这些文件作为模板来创建一个非常基本的概念证明 Delphi 项目(适用于 Delphi 10.2),它使用嵌入式 Edge 浏览器。您可以在下面找到代码。为了测试这一点,只需创建一个新的 VCL 项目,粘贴代码并将FormCreate
,FormDestroy
和FormResize
事件与表单连接起来。
unit Unit1;
interface
uses
Winapi.Windows, Winapi.Messages, System.SysUtils, System.Variants, System.Classes, Vcl.Graphics,
Vcl.Controls, Vcl.Forms, Vcl.Dialogs, Vcl.StdCtrls,
System.Types,
Winapi.Winrt,
System.Win.WinRT,
WinAPI.Foundation,
WinAPI.Foundation.Types;
const
SWebViewControlProcess = 'Windows.Web.UI.Interop.WebViewControlProcess';
type
// Interface with functionality to interact with WebBrowser Control
// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/uwp/api/windows.web.ui.iwebviewcontrol
IWebViewControl = interface(IInspectable)
['{3F921316-BC70-4BDA-9136-C94370899FAB}']
procedure Placeholder_SourceGet; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_SourcePut; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_DocumentTitle; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_CanGoBack; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_CanGoForward; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_DefaultBackgroundColorPut; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_DefaultBackgroundColorGet; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_ContainsFullScreenElement; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_Settings; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_DeferredPermissionRequests; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_GoForward; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_GoBack; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_Refresh; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_Stop; safecall;
procedure Navigate(source: IUriRuntimeClass); stdcall;
procedure NavigateToString(text: HString); stdcall;
// TODO: Declare further properties and functions of IWebViewControl
end;
IWebViewControlProcess = interface;
// Declare IWebViewControlSite
IWebViewControlSite = interface(IInspectable)
['{133F47C6-12DC-4898-BD47-04967DE648BA}']
function get_Process: IWebViewControlProcess; safecall;
procedure put_Scale(value: Double); safecall;
function get_Scale: Double; safecall;
procedure put_Bounds(value: TRectF); safecall;
function get_Bounds: TRectF; safecall;
procedure put_IsVisible(value: Boolean); safecall;
function get_IsVisible: Boolean; safecall;
// TODO: Declare further properties and functions of IWebViewControlSite
property Process: IWebViewControlProcess read get_Process;
property Scale: Double read get_Scale write put_Scale;
property Bounds: TRectF read get_Bounds write put_Bounds;
property IsVisible: Boolean read get_IsVisible write put_IsVisible;
end;
// types for reacting to when the WebView has finished initialization
IAsyncOperation_1__IWebViewControl = interface;
IAsyncOperationCompletedHandler_1__IWebViewControl = interface(IUnknown)
['{d61963d6-806d-50a8-a81c-75d9356ad5d7}']
procedure Invoke(asyncInfo: IAsyncOperation_1__IWebViewControl; asyncStatus: AsyncStatus); safecall;
end;
IAsyncOperation_1__IWebViewControl = interface(IInspectable)
['{ac3d28ac-8362-51c6-b2cc-16f3672758f1}']
procedure put_Completed(handler: IAsyncOperationCompletedHandler_1__IWebViewControl); safecall;
function get_Completed: IAsyncOperationCompletedHandler_1__IWebViewControl; safecall;
function GetResults: IWebViewControl; safecall;
property Completed: IAsyncOperationCompletedHandler_1__IWebViewControl read get_Completed write put_Completed;
end;
TWebViewControlCompleted = procedure(asyncInfo: IAsyncOperation_1__IWebViewControl; aasyncStatus: AsyncStatus) of object;
TWebViewControlCompletedHandler = class(TInspectableObject,
IAsyncOperationCompletedHandler_1__IWebViewControl
)
private
FEvent: TWebViewControlCompleted;
public
procedure Invoke(asyncInfo: IAsyncOperation_1__IWebViewControl; aasyncStatus: AsyncStatus); safecall;
constructor Create(AEvent: TWebViewControlCompleted);
end;
// The interface for interacting with the process hosting the web view control
// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/uwp/api/windows.web.ui.interop.webviewcontrolprocess
[WinRTClassNameAttribute(SWebViewControlProcess)]
IWebViewControlProcess = interface(IInspectable)
['{02C723EC-98D6-424A-B63E-C6136C36A0F2}']
function get_ProcessId: Cardinal; safecall;
function get_EnterpriseId: HSTRING; safecall;
function get_IsPrivateNetworkClientServerCapabilityEnabled: Boolean; safecall;
function CreateWebViewControlAsync(hostWindowHandle: Int64; bounds: TRectF): IAsyncOperation_1__IWebViewControl; safecall;
procedure Placeholder_GetWebViewControls; safecall;
procedure Terminate; safecall;
property ProcessId: Cardinal read get_ProcessId;
property EnterpriseId: HSTRING read get_EnterpriseId;
property IsPrivateNetworkClientServerCapabilityEnabled: Boolean read get_IsPrivateNetworkClientServerCapabilityEnabled;
// TODO:
//[eventadd] HRESULT ProcessExited([in] Windows.Foundation.TypedEventHandler<Windows.Web.UI.Interop.WebViewControlProcess*, IInspectable*>* handler, [out] [retval] EventRegistrationToken* token);
//[eventremove] HRESULT ProcessExited([in] EventRegistrationToken token);
end;
// The CoClass to create an IWebViewControlProcess instance
TWebViewControlProcess = class(TWinRTGenericImportI<IWebViewControlProcess>)
end;
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormResize(Sender: TObject);
private
{ Private declarations }
FProcess: IWebViewControlProcess;
FBrowser: IWebViewControl;
FBrowserSite: IWebViewControlSite;
procedure WebViewCompleted(asyncInfo: IAsyncOperation_1__IWebViewControl; aasyncStatus: AsyncStatus);
public
{ Public declarations }
end;
var
Form1: TForm1;
implementation
{$R *.dfm}
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
var
Rect: TRectF;
AsyncOperation: IAsyncOperation_1__IWebViewControl;
CompletedHandler: IAsyncOperationCompletedHandler_1__IWebViewControl;
begin
CompletedHandler:=TWebViewControlCompletedHandler.Create(WebViewCompleted);
// Size for browser
Rect:= TRectF.Create(0, 0, ClientWidth, ClientHeight);
// Create hosting process
FProcess:= TWebViewControlProcess.Create();
// Create WebView Control
AsyncOperation:= FProcess.CreateWebViewControlAsync(self.Handle, Rect);
// We will get notified when the control creation is finished
AsyncOperation.Completed:= CompletedHandler;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
begin
// If there is a hosting process, then terminate it
if Assigned(FProcess) then
begin
FProcess.Terminate;
end;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormResize(Sender: TObject);
begin
if Assigned(FBrowserSite) then
begin
FBrowserSite.Bounds := TRectF.Create(0,0,ClientWidth, ClientHeight);
end;
end;
procedure TForm1.WebViewCompleted(
asyncInfo: IAsyncOperation_1__IWebViewControl;
aasyncStatus: AsyncStatus);
var
WinS: TWindowsString;
Uri: IUriRuntimeClass;
begin
// Initializing the WebView control was successful
// Remember reference to control
FBrowser:= asyncInfo.GetResults();
FBrowserSite := FBrowser as IWebViewControlSite;
// Load web page into control
WinS:= TWindowsString.Create('http://www.whatismybrowser.com');
Uri:= TUri.CreateUri(WinS);
FBrowser.Navigate(Uri);
end;
{ TWebViewControlCompletedHandler }
constructor TWebViewControlCompletedHandler.Create(
AEvent: TWebViewControlCompleted);
begin
FEvent := AEvent;
end;
procedure TWebViewControlCompletedHandler.Invoke(
asyncInfo: IAsyncOperation_1__IWebViewControl;
aasyncStatus: AsyncStatus);
begin
FEvent(asyncInfo, aasyncStatus);
end;
end.