I'm not exactly sure what you're after, but if it's updating the page with the results of an AJAX call (which does not refresh or otherwise reload the page) then you'll have to use client-side JavaScript. jQuery's load() or post() should be able to handle that.
Alternatively, if you are not using AJAX but instead performing a normal form submit, you have a couple of options. One, you can keep your redirect in and use Express/Connect's Sessions system to determine what is used for the get request, or two you can replace the redirect with another res.render of the index.jade page and include the variable you want to change.
It should be understood that after either of these takes place, node.js relinquishes control of the web page to the browser, unless you specifically set up architecture for communication. There are currently no controls in node.js to force updates or page changes down to the client. Except via socket connections or unless otherwise polled by the client itself (such as in the first example involving jQuery).