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该程序使用pandas获取写在名为“List”的 Excel 文件的第一列中的英文单词列表，该列的标题为“words”，单词位于“Sheet1”中。

然后将单词存储为字符串列表。

PyDictionary和Googletrans通过创建字典和翻译器来使用，其中翻译器被翻译调用，以便将列表中的单词翻译成目标语言“丹麦语”。

然后创建一个简单的 for 循环，其中翻译单词列表中的每个翻译都打印其来源 -> 其目的地及其定义。

这在下面的代码中显示：

from googletrans import Translator
import pandas as pd
from PyDictionary import PyDictionary

# Load excel file and parse the list of words as strings
file_location = "/Users/.../List.xlsx"
xl_workbook = pd.ExcelFile(file_location)
df = xl_workbook.parse("Sheet1")
aList = df['words'].tolist()
[str(i) for i in aList]

# Use PyDictionary to load definitions of words
dictionary = PyDictionary()

# Translate the list of strings into target language and give definitions
translator = Translator()
translations = translator.translate(aList, dest='da')

# Simple for-loop printing the words
for translation in translations:
    print(
        translation.origin, ' -> ', translation.text,
        dictionary.meaning(translation.origin)
    )

该程序实际运行并产生了我希望的结果。但是，问题出现在下一步中，如下所述：

我想把单词输入到我最喜欢的闪存卡程序Anki中。Anki 是用 Python 编写的，并且有一个名为Genanki的非官方发行版。但是，这是我遇到问题的时候。

我现在在上面的代码中添加以下 4 件事：

  1. 我按照 genanki 的建议定义了 my_model 并创建了一个简单的抽认卡模型。这包括一个随机硬编码数字（Anki 需要）、模型名称、一些字段和卡片类型的模板。
  2. 我将 my_deck 定义为带有硬编码随机数和名称的特定卡片组。
  3. 我将我的 for 循环更改为现在将翻译和定义直接运行到名为 aNote 的变量中，该变量由 genanki.note 运算符组成，每次将注释添加到 my_deck 时迭代翻译。
  4. 我编写了可以用 Anki 打开的 anki 文件。

这可以在下面的代码中看到：

from googletrans import Translator
import pandas as pd
from PyDictionary import PyDictionary
import genanki

# Load excel file and parse the list of words as strings
file_location = "/Users/.../List.xlsx"
xl_workbook = pd.ExcelFile(file_location)
df = xl_workbook.parse("Sheet1")
aList = df['words'].tolist()
[str(i) for i in aList]

# Use PyDictionary to load definitions of words
dictionary = PyDictionary()

# Use genanki to define a flashcard model
my_model = genanki.Model(
    2042686211,
    'Simple Model',
    fields=[
        {'name': 'Question'},
        {'name': 'Answer'},
    ],
    templates=[
        {
            'name': 'Card 1',
            'qfmt': '{{Question}}',
            'afmt': '{{FrontSide}}<hr id="answer">{{Answer}}',
        },
    ])

# Specify the deck with genanki
my_deck = genanki.Deck(
    1724897887,
    'TestV3v1')

# Translate the list of strings with definition and add as note to anki
translator = Translator()

translations = translator.translate(aList, dest='da')
for translation in translations:
    aNote = genanki.Note(
        model=my_model, fields=[translation.origin, translation.text]
    )
    my_deck.add_note(aNote)

# Output anki file in desired folder
genanki.Package(my_deck).write_to_file(
    '/Users/.../TestV3v1.apkg')

这段代码也执行得很好，并生成了一个可以在 Anki 中打开的文件，卡片然后在卡片的正面显示原始单词，在背面显示翻译。

我的问题

为了完成我的项目，我希望在每张随翻译的卡片的背面添加一个定义。我最初认为我只需要通过添加另一个字段来更正 my_model = genanki.model(...) 变量，以便我可以将 dictionary.meaning(translation.origin) 添加到 for 循环中的注释生成器.

但是，当尝试仅添加定义以确保它们顺利运行时，我遇到了问题。考虑下面的代码：

for translation in translations:
    aNote = genanki.Note(
        model=my_model, fields=[translation.origin,
                                dictionary.meaning(translation.origin)
                                ]
    )
    my_deck.add_note(aNote)

我希望卡片能像往常一样打印，正面是原始单词，背面是定义，但是使用这个 for 循环运行完整代码反而会给我以下错误：

Error: The Following Error occured: list index out of range
Error: The Following Error occured: list index out of range
Error: The Following Error occured: list index out of range
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: The Following Error occured: list index out of range
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: The Following Error occured: list index out of range
Error: The Following Error occured: list index out of range
Error: The Following Error occured: list index out of range
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: The Following Error occured: list index out of range
Error: A Term must be only a single word
Error: The Following Error occured: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/Lehmann/Desktop/XYZ/Programming/Translator/TranslatorProgramv3.py", line 51, in <module>
    '/Users/Lehmann/Desktop/XYZ/Programming/Translator/TestV3v1.apkg')
  File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/genanki/__init__.py", line 313, in write_to_file
    self.write_to_db(cursor, now_ts)
  File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/genanki/__init__.py", line 331, in write_to_db
    deck.write_to_db(cursor, now_ts)
  File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/genanki/__init__.py", line 267, in write_to_db
    note.write_to_db(cursor, now_ts, self.deck_id)
  File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/genanki/__init__.py", line 228, in write_to_db
    self._format_fields(),        # flds
  File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/genanki/__init__.py", line 240, in _format_fields
    return '\x1f'.join(self.fields)
TypeError: sequence item 1: expected str instance, dict found

我怀疑是“预期的 str 实例，找到的字典”部分给我带来了麻烦，但是，这是我的第一个 python 项目，我不是程序员，所以我希望有人能帮助我理解这个问题。

BR

米克尔

4

1 回答 1

2

始终确保在使用变量时检查变量的类型。根据我的发现，使用 dictionary.meaning(...) 将类型更改为字典。所以你需要做的就是：

meaning=dictionary.meaning(translation.origin)
meaning_to_string=''.join('{}: {}'.format(key,val) for key,val in meaning.items())

#moving to aNote
aNote=genanki.Note(model=my_model, fields=[translation.origin,meaning_to_string])
于 2018-07-19T05:31:36.223 回答