selenium - 如何解决“不推荐使用构造函数 ChromeDriver(Capabilities)”和 WebDriverException：ChromeDriver 和 Chrome 超时错误

Question

我正在尝试如下配置默认下载目录，它工作正常，但我有两个问题：

    String exePath = "src\\Drivers\\chromedriver.exe";
    System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", exePath);
    String downloadFilepath = "U:\\Data\\Download";
    HashMap<String, Object> chromePrefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    chromePrefs.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
    chromePrefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadFilepath);
    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
    options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePrefs);
    DesiredCapabilities cap = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
    cap.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);
    cap.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
    driver = new ChromeDriver(cap);
    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

1. 它告诉我构造函数 ChromeDriver(Capabilities) 已被弃用

2. 当我多次重播测试时，它恰好有一个 Webdrive TimeOut 异常

   juin 13, 2018 5:23:27 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities chrome
   INFO: Using `new ChromeOptions()` is preferred to `DesiredCapabilities.chrome()`
   FAILED CONFIGURATION: @BeforeMethod beforeMethod
   org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Timed out waiting for driver server to start.
   Build info: version: '3.11.0', revision: 'e59cfb3', time: '2018-03-11T20:26:55.152Z'
   System info: host: 'PB02-VD037', ip: '10.143.73.85', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_171'
   Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver
   

Answer 1

看来你快到了。您需要使用 MutableCapabilities 类中的方法merge()将DesiredCapabilities类型的对象合并到ChromeOptions类型的对象中，并通过传递ChromeOptions对象来启动WebDriver和WebClient实例，如下所示：

String exePath = "src\\Drivers\\chromedriver.exe";
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", exePath);
String downloadFilepath = "U:\\Data\\Download";
HashMap<String, Object> chromePrefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
chromePrefs.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
chromePrefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadFilepath);
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePrefs);
DesiredCapabilities cap = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
cap.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);
cap.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
options.merge(cap);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);