使用以下函数，可以在输入点 P 上拟合三次样条：
def plotCurve(P):
pts = np.vstack([P, P[0]])
x, y = pts.T
i = np.arange(len(pts))
interp_i = np.linspace(0, i.max(), 100000 * i.max())
xi = interp1d(i, x, kind='cubic')(interp_i)
yi = interp1d(i, y, kind='cubic')(interp_i)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
fig,ax=plt.subplots()
ax.plot(xi, yi)
ax.plot(x, y, 'ko')
#plt.show()
return xi,yi
输入点 P 可以是以下形式：
P=[(921,1181),(951,1230),(993,1243),(1035,1230),
(1065,1181),(1045,1130),(993,1130),(945,1130)]
现在，我希望使 P 的这些点可拖动，这样当我们改变任何点的位置时，样条线就会重新安装在新点上。
以此作为参考：https : //matplotlib.org/1.4.3/examples/event_handling/poly_editor.html（matplotlib 中的事件处理），我有以下代码：
"""
This is an example to show how to build cross-GUI applications using
matplotlib event handling to interact with objects on the canvas
"""
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.lines import Line2D
from matplotlib.artist import Artist
from matplotlib.mlab import dist_point_to_segment
class PolygonInteractor:
"""
An polygon editor.
Key-bindings
't' toggle vertex markers on and off. When vertex markers are on,
you can move them, delete them
'd' delete the vertex under point
'i' insert a vertex at point. You must be within epsilon of the
line connecting two existing vertices
"""
showverts = True
epsilon = 5 # max pixel distance to count as a vertex hit
def __init__(self, ax, poly):
if poly.figure is None:
raise RuntimeError('You must first add the polygon to a figure or canvas before defining the interactor')
self.ax = ax
canvas = poly.figure.canvas
self.poly = poly
x, y = zip(*self.poly.xy)
self.line = Line2D(x, y, marker='o', markerfacecolor='r', animated=True)
self.ax.add_line(self.line)
#self._update_line(poly)
cid = self.poly.add_callback(self.poly_changed)
self._ind = None # the active vert
canvas.mpl_connect('draw_event', self.draw_callback)
canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.button_press_callback)
canvas.mpl_connect('key_press_event', self.key_press_callback)
canvas.mpl_connect('button_release_event', self.button_release_callback)
canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self.motion_notify_callback)
self.canvas = canvas
def draw_callback(self, event):
self.background = self.canvas.copy_from_bbox(self.ax.bbox)
self.ax.draw_artist(self.poly)
self.ax.draw_artist(self.line)
self.canvas.blit(self.ax.bbox)
def poly_changed(self, poly):
'this method is called whenever the polygon object is called'
# only copy the artist props to the line (except visibility)
vis = self.line.get_visible()
Artist.update_from(self.line, poly)
self.line.set_visible(vis) # don't use the poly visibility state
def get_ind_under_point(self, event):
'get the index of the vertex under point if within epsilon tolerance'
# display coords
xy = np.asarray(self.poly.xy)
xyt = self.poly.get_transform().transform(xy)
xt, yt = xyt[:, 0], xyt[:, 1]
d = np.sqrt((xt-event.x)**2 + (yt-event.y)**2)
indseq = np.nonzero(np.equal(d, np.amin(d)))[0]
ind = indseq[0]
if d[ind]>=self.epsilon:
ind = None
return ind
def button_press_callback(self, event):
'whenever a mouse button is pressed'
if not self.showverts: return
if event.inaxes==None: return
if event.button != 1: return
self._ind = self.get_ind_under_point(event)
def button_release_callback(self, event):
'whenever a mouse button is released'
if not self.showverts: return
if event.button != 1: return
self._ind = None
def key_press_callback(self, event):
'whenever a key is pressed'
if not event.inaxes: return
if event.key=='t':
self.showverts = not self.showverts
self.line.set_visible(self.showverts)
if not self.showverts: self._ind = None
elif event.key=='d':
ind = self.get_ind_under_point(event)
if ind is not None:
self.poly.xy = [tup for i,tup in enumerate(self.poly.xy) if i!=ind]
self.line.set_data(zip(*self.poly.xy))
elif event.key=='i':
xys = self.poly.get_transform().transform(self.poly.xy)
p = event.x, event.y # display coords
for i in range(len(xys)-1):
s0 = xys[i]
s1 = xys[i+1]
d = dist_point_to_segment(p, s0, s1)
if d<=self.epsilon:
self.poly.xy = np.array(
list(self.poly.xy[:i]) +
[(event.xdata, event.ydata)] +
list(self.poly.xy[i:]))
self.line.set_data(zip(*self.poly.xy))
break
self.canvas.draw()
def motion_notify_callback(self, event):
'on mouse movement'
if not self.showverts: return
if self._ind is None: return
if event.inaxes is None: return
if event.button != 1: return
x,y = event.xdata, event.ydata
self.poly.xy[self._ind] = x,y
self.line.set_data(zip(*self.poly.xy))
self.canvas.restore_region(self.background)
self.ax.draw_artist(self.poly)
self.ax.draw_artist(self.line)
self.canvas.blit(self.ax.bbox)
if __name__ == '__main__':
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import Polygon
#theta = np.arange(0, 2*np.pi, 0.1)
#r = 1.5
#xs = r*np.cos(theta)
#ys = r*np.sin(theta)
xs = (921, 951, 993, 1035, 1065, 1045, 993, 945)
ys = (1181, 1230, 1243, 1230, 1181, 1130, 1130, 1130)
poly = Polygon(list(zip(xs, ys)), animated=True)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.add_patch(poly)
p = PolygonInteractor(ax, poly)
#ax.add_line(p.line)
ax.set_title('Click and drag a point to move it')
#ax.set_xlim((-2,2))
#ax.set_ylim((-2,2))
ax.set_xlim((800, 1300))
ax.set_ylim((1000, 1300))
plt.show()
现在，我想做的是用我的样条拟合函数替换多边形拟合。因为我是新手，所以我不知道该怎么做。有没有办法保持所有相同的功能，但只能通过给定点拟合样条而不是多边形，使其交互并根据点移动重新拟合样条？
我的样条曲线看起来有点像这样：
我该怎么做呢？
或者，如果有任何其他合适的方法可以达到同样的效果，请推荐。
也欢迎使用 MATLAB 提出建议。
