sql - SQL Server - 按组表达式选择结果，但根据另一个组表达式过滤它们

Question

我正在处理一个需要根据标准聚合数据的问题。情况如下：

我有来自数据库应用程序的消费数据，我需要将其显示在表格中。人们可以根据分钟、小时、日和月聚合数据。例如，当人们按分钟聚合数据时，数据将显示在一个表格中，最多显示 10 行（但这是棘手的部分，在此示例中，行是基于小时的）。因此，与其说我想要（分钟聚合的）前 10 行，不如说我必须找到相当于显示 10 个不同小时的结果的条目数。

我试图进行查询，此时我是为了更好地说明问题（查询不会运行）：

SELECT  count(*) as COUNT,
  year([CONSUMPTION_DATE]) as YEAR_BY_MINUTE, 
  month([CONSUMPTION_DATE]) as MONTH_BY_MINUTE, 
  day([CONSUMPTION_DATE]) as DAY_BY_MINUTE,
  DATEPART ( hour , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] ) as HOUR_BY_MINUTE,
  DATEPART ( minute , [CONSUMPTION_DATE]) as MINUTE_BY_MINUTE
  FROM [CONSUMPTION_TABLE] 
  where (YEAR_BY_MINUTE, MONTH_BY_MINUTE, DAY_BY_MINUTE, HOUR_BY_MINUTE) IN 

        (select top 10  year([CONSUMPTION_DATE]) as YEAR_BY_HOUR, 
            month([CONSUMPTION_DATE])as MONTH_BY_HOUR, 
            day([CONSUMPTION_DATE]) as DAY_BY_HOUR,
            DATEPART ( hour , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] ) as HOUR_BY_HOUR
            FROM [CONSUMPTION_TABLE]
            where [CONSUMPTION_DATE] between '2018-01-18' and '2018-03-20'
            GROUP BY year([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
                     month([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
                     day([CONSUMPTION_DATE]),
                     DATEPART ( hour , [CONSUMPTION_DATE])
        )

  GROUP BY  year([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
  month([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
  day([CONSUMPTION_DATE]),
  DATEPART ( hour , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] ),
  DATEPART ( minute , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] )

我也一直在尝试另一种方式，但查询运行时出现错误想法：

;with MinuteGroup as 
        (
            select  year([CONSUMPTION_DATE]) as YEAR_GROUP_MINUTE, 
                    month([CONSUMPTION_DATE])as MONTH_GROUP_MINUTE, 
                    day([CONSUMPTION_DATE]) as DAY_GROUP_MINUTE,
                    DATEPART ( hour , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] ) as HOUR_GROUP_MINUTE,
                    DATEPART ( minute , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] ) as MINUTE_GROUP_MINUTE
                FROM [CONSUMPTION_TABLE]
                where [CONSUMPTION_DATE] between '2018-01-18' and '2018-03-20'
                group by    year([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
                            month([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
                            day([CONSUMPTION_DATE]),
                            DATEPART ( hour , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] ),
                            DATEPART ( minute , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] )
        )
    select * from MinuteGroup where 
        (YEAR_GROUP_MINUTE, MONTH_GROUP_MINUTE, DAY_GROUP_MINUTE, HOUR_GROUP_MINUTE) 
            in (    select  year([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
                            month([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
                            day([CONSUMPTION_DATE]) ,
                            DATEPART ( hour , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] ) 
                    FROM [CONSUMPTION_TABLE]
                    where [CONSUMPTION_DATE] between '2018-01-18' and '2018-03-20'
                    group by year([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
                             month([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
                             day([CONSUMPTION_DATE]),
                             DATEPART ( hour , [CONSUMPTION_DATE])   
                )

另一种方法更容易做到这一点，或者我必须在查询中进行哪些更改才能使其正常工作？

PS：我将不得不将其转移到 HQL，因此如果更容易，我也会接受该答案。

编辑：很难想象我在这里想要实现的是一个图像：

（我汇总的单位时间将是一个简单的数字 1,2,3,4,5,...）

Answer 1

经过一段时间的搜索并利用其他解决方案，我提出了一个 sql 查询，我可以在其中获得所需的结果，所以我认为将它发布在这里会很好，这样你就可以更好地理解问题并帮助你以防万一你处于同样的情况。最终查询保持为：

;with MinuteGroup as 
        (
            select  count(*) as COUNT,
                    year([CONSUMPTION_DATE]) as YEAR_GROUP_MINUTE, 
                    month([CONSUMPTION_DATE])as MONTH_GROUP_MINUTE, 
                    day([CONSUMPTION_DATE]) as DAY_GROUP_MINUTE,
                    DATEPART ( hour , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] ) as HOUR_GROUP_MINUTE,
                    DATEPART ( minute , [DATE_SELECTION_START] ) as MINUTE_GROUP_MINUTE
                FROM [CONSUMPTION_TABLE]
                where [CONSUMPTION_DATE] between '2018-01-18' and '2018-03-20'
                group by    year([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
                            month([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
                            day([CONSUMPTION_DATE]),
                            DATEPART ( hour , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] ),
                            DATEPART ( minute , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] )
        ),
        HourGroup as 
        (
            select top 10 year([CONSUMPTION_DATE]) as YEAR_GROUP_MINUTE, 
                    month([CONSUMPTION_DATE])as MONTH_GROUP_MINUTE, 
                    day([CONSUMPTION_DATE]) as DAY_GROUP_MINUTE,
                    DATEPART ( hour , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] ) as HOUR_GROUP_MINUTE
                FROM [CONSUMPTION_TABLE]
                where [CONSUMPTION_DATE] between '2018-01-18' and '2018-03-20'
                group by    year([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
                            month([CONSUMPTION_DATE]), 
                            day([CONSUMPTION_DATE]),
                            DATEPART ( hour , [CONSUMPTION_DATE] )
        )
    select  MinuteGroup.COUNT,
            MinuteGroup.YEAR_GROUP_MINUTE,
            MinuteGroup.MONTH_GROUP_MINUTE,
            MinuteGroup.DAY_GROUP_MINUTE,
            MinuteGroup.HOUR_GROUP_MINUTE,
            MinuteGroup.MINUTE_GROUP_MINUTE
    from MinuteGroup join HourGroup 
                on  HourGroup.YEAR_GROUP_MINUTE = MinuteGroup.YEAR_GROUP_MINUTE
                and HourGroup.MONTH_GROUP_MINUTE = MinuteGroup.MONTH_GROUP_MINUTE
                and HourGroup.DAY_GROUP_MINUTE = MinuteGroup.DAY_GROUP_MINUTE
                and HourGroup.HOUR_GROUP_MINUTE = MinuteGroup.HOUR_GROUP_MINUTE

像这样，我没有这张图片的前 10 行，而是有 20 行，这对应于 10 小时：