我注意到 sqrt() 的 long double 版本的准确性存在问题。下面的代码演示了这个问题。
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <cfloat>
int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
int count=0;
long double s=sqrt(3L);
std::cout.precision(21);
std::cout << "s=" << s << ", s^2=" << s*s << std::endl;
while( s*s<3L+LDBL_EPSILON ) {
s+=LDBL_EPSILON;
std::cout << s << ' ' << s*s << std::endl;
++count;
}
std::cout << "sqrt(3L) is approximately " << count << " multiples of LDBL_EPSILON away from the correct value." << std::endl;
return 0;
}
编译并运行它
>g++ -o sqrt sqrt.cpp && ./sqrt
给
s=1.73205080756887719318, s^2=2.9999999999999996524
1.73205080756887719329 2.99999999999999965284
1.73205080756887719339 2.99999999999999965306
... (922 lines omitted)
1.73205080756887729347 2.99999999999999999978
1.73205080756887729357 3.00000000000000000022
sqrt(3L) is approximately 926 multiples of LDBL_EPSILON away from the correct value.
sqrt() 的常规双精度版本给出最接近实际值的双精度。
我正在使用的 g++ 版本是
>g++ -v
Using built-in specs.
Target: x86_64-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Debian 4.4.5-8' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.4/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-4.4 --enable-shared --enable-multiarch --enable-linker-build-id --with-system-zlib --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.4 --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-objc-gc --with-arch-32=i586 --with-tune=generic --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.4.5 (Debian 4.4.5-8)
这是一个已知的错误?我应该在某个地方报告这个吗?