我有一个实时应用程序，它处理信息并将其记录到 MySQL 数据库（实际上是 MariaDB，MySQL 的一个分支）。它每天执行大约 150 万次插入 + 150,000 次删除。
我在性能方面遇到了很大的问题，不知道如何使它运行得更好。
应用程序的基本结构是我有一个生产者类，它将一个 Struct 推送到一个线程安全的双端队列。以下代码
#include "dbUserQueue.h"
dbUserQueue::~dbUserQueue() {
}
void dbUserQueue::createConnection()
{
sql::Driver * driver = sql::mysql::get_driver_instance();
std::auto_ptr< sql::Connection > newCon(driver->connect(dbURL, dbUser, dbPass));
con = newCon;
std::auto_ptr< sql::Statement > stmt(con->createStatement());
stmt->execute("USE twitter");
}
inline void dbUserQueue::updateStatement(const std::string & value,
std::auto_ptr< sql::PreparedStatement> & stmt, const int index)
{
if(value != "\0") stmt->setString(index, value);
else stmt->setNull(index,sql::DataType::VARCHAR);
}
inline void dbUserQueue::updateStatement(const boost::int64_t & value,
std::auto_ptr< sql::PreparedStatement> & stmt, const int index)
{
if(value != -1) stmt->setInt64(index,value);
else stmt->setNull(index,sql::DataType::BIGINT);
}
inline void dbUserQueue::updateStatement(const bool value,
std::auto_ptr< sql::PreparedStatement> & stmt, const int index)
{
stmt->setBoolean(index, value);
}
inline void dbUserQueue::updateStatement(const int value,
std::auto_ptr< sql::PreparedStatement> & stmt, const int index)
{
if(value != -1) stmt->setInt(index,value);
else stmt->setNull(index,sql::DataType::INTEGER);
}
inline void dbUserQueue::updateStatementDateTime(const std::string & value,
std::auto_ptr< sql::PreparedStatement> & stmt, const int & index)
{
if(value != "\0") stmt->setDateTime(index, value);
else stmt->setNull(index,sql::DataType::DATE);
}
/*
* This method creates a database connection
* and then creates a new thread to process the incoming queue
*/
void dbUserQueue::start() {
createConnection();
if(con->isClosed() == false)
{
insertStmt = std::auto_ptr< sql::PreparedStatement>(con->prepareStatement("\
insert ignore into users(contributors_enabled, created_at, \
description, favourites_count, followers_count, \
following, friends_count, geo_enabled, id, lang, listed_count, location, \
name, notifications, screen_name, show_all_inline_media, statuses_count, \
url, utc_offset, verified) values (?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)"));
}
thread = boost::thread(&dbUserQueue::processLoop, this);
}
/*
* Stops the thread once it is finished processing the information
*/
void dbUserQueue::join(){
thread.interrupt();
thread.join();
}
/*
* The worker function of the thread.
* Pops items from the queue and updates the database accordingly.
*/
void dbUserQueue::processLoop() {
user input;
int recordCount = 0;
con->setAutoCommit(false);
while (true) {
try {
if(recordCount >= 1000)
{
recordCount = 0;
con->commit();
}
// Insert all the data into the prepared statement
if (userQ.wait_and_pop(input)) {
updateStatement(input.contributors_enabled, insertStmt, 1);
updateStatementDateTime(input.created_at, insertStmt, 2);
updateStatement(input.description, insertStmt, 3);
updateStatement(input.favourites_count, insertStmt, 4);
updateStatement(input.followers_count, insertStmt, 5);
updateStatement(input.following, insertStmt, 6);
updateStatement(input.friends_count, insertStmt, 7);
updateStatement(input.geo_enabled, insertStmt, 8);
updateStatement(input.id, insertStmt, 9);
updateStatement(input.lang, insertStmt, 10);
updateStatement(input.listed_count, insertStmt, 11);
updateStatement(input.location, insertStmt, 12);
updateStatement(input.name, insertStmt, 13);
updateStatement(input.notifications, insertStmt, 14);
updateStatement(input.screenName, insertStmt, 15);
updateStatement(input.show_all_inline_media, insertStmt, 16);
updateStatement(input.statuses_count, insertStmt, 17);
updateStatement(input.url, insertStmt, 18);
updateStatement(input.utc_offset, insertStmt, 19);
updateStatement(input.verified, insertStmt, 20);
insertStmt->executeUpdate();
insertStmt->clearParameters();
recordCount++;
continue;
}
} catch (std::exception & e) {
}
}// end of while
// Close the statements and the connection before exiting
insertStmt->close();
con->commit();
if(con->isClosed() == false)
con->close();
}
我的问题是如何提高性能？我尝试过的事情：
让多个消费者连接到一个 MySQL/MariaDB
在大量记录后提交
Single Producer, Single consumer, commit after 1000 records = ~275 Seconds
Dual Producer, Triple consumers, commit after 1000 records = ~100 Seconds
Dual Producer, Triple consumers, commit after 2000 records = ~100 Seconds
Dual Producer, Triple consumers, commit every 1 record = ~100 Seconds
Dual Producer, 6 Consumers, commit every 1 record = ~95 Seconds
Dual Producer, 6 Consumers, commit every 2000 records = ~100 Seconds
Triple Producer, 6 Consumesr, commit every 2000 records = ~100 Seconds
关于问题域的一些注释。要插入或删除的消息全天随机出现，平均每秒插入/删除约 20 次，突发性要高得多，但没有理由不能在短时间内将更新排队，只要队列不会变大。
当前插入数据的表中大约有 5200 万条记录。这是MySQL表信息
CREATE TABLE `users` (
`id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL,
`contributors_enabled` tinyint(4) DEFAULT '0',
`created_at` datetime NOT NULL,
`description` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`favourites_count` int(11) NOT NULL,
`followers_count` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`following` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`friends_count` int(11) NOT NULL,
`geo_enabled` tinyint(4) DEFAULT '0',
`lang` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`listed_count` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`location` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`notifications` varchar(45) DEFAULT NULL,
`screen_name` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
`show_all_inline_media` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL,
`statuses_count` int(11) NOT NULL,
`url` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`utc_offset` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`verified` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `id_UNIQUE` (`id`)
) ENGINE=MARIA DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 CHECKSUM=1 PAGE_CHECKSUM=1 TRANSACTIONAL=1