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我正在向远程服务器发送 HTTP GET 请求。使用各种参数，我定义了我感兴趣的内容。特别是我确保它output=xml在查询中，因为它使服务器以 XML 形式返回回复。

我的班级HttpRetriever和各自的QNetworkReply和之间有以下联系QNetworkAccessManager（QNetworkRequest参见slotStartRequest()）：

connect(this->reply, SIGNAL(error(QNetworkReply::NetworkError)), this,
        SLOT(slotErrorRequest(QNetworkReply::NetworkError)));
connect(this->reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, this, &HttpRetriever::slotFinishRequest);
connect(this->manager, &QNetworkAccessManager::finished, this->reply, &QNetworkReply::deleteLater);
connect(this->reply, &QIODevice::readyRead, this, &HttpRetriever::slotReadyReadRequest);

这里感兴趣的插槽具有以下声明：

slotFinishRequest():

void HttpRetriever::slotFinishRequest()
{
    LOG(INFO) << "Finishing HTTP GET request from URL \"" << this->url.toString() << "\"";
    this->reply = Q_NULLPTR;

    // Reset validity of reply from a previous request
    this->validReply = false;
    // Skip validation if it's disabled
    if (!this->validateReply)
    {
        LOG(WARNING) << "Validation disabled. In order to enable it see the \"validate\" and \"validationMode\" in \"settings.ini\"";
        this->validReply = true;
    }
    else
    {
        // Validate reply
        this->validReply = validateReply();
    }

    if (!this->validReply)
    {
        return;
    }

    processReply(); // Parsing

    this->processingRequest = false;
}

slotReadyReadRequest():

void HttpRetriever::slotReadyReadRequest()
{
    LOG(INFO) << "Received data from \"" << this->url.toString() << "\"";
    this->bufferReply = this->reply->readAll();
}

在里面slotFinishRequest()我叫processReply()：

void HttpRetriever::processReply()
{
    LOG(INFO) << "Processing reply for request \"" << this->url.toString() << "\"";
    LOG(DEBUG) << QString(this->bufferReply);
    // Process the XML from the reply and extract necessary data

    QXmlStreamReader reader;
    reader.addData(this->bufferReply);

    // Read the XML reply and extract required data
    // TODO
    while (!reader.atEnd())
    {
        LOG(DEBUG) << "Reading XML element";
        reader.readNextStartElement();

        QXmlStreamAttributes attributes = reader.attributes();
        foreach (QXmlStreamAttribute attrib, attributes)
        {
            LOG(DEBUG) << attrib.name();
        }
    }
    if (reader.hasError())
    {
        LOG(ERROR) << "Encountered error while parsing XML data:" << reader.errorString();
    }

    LOG(INFO) << "Sending data to data fusion handler";
    // TODO
}

我通过以下插槽触发 HTTP 获取请求：

void HttpRetriever::slotStartRequest(quint32 id)
{
    if (this->processingRequest)
    {
        this->reply->abort();
    }

    this->processingRequest = false;

    // The first request also instantiates the manager. If the slot is called after the instance of HafasHttpRetriever
    // is moved to a new thread this will ensure proper parenting
    if (!this->manager)
    {
        this->manager = new QNetworkAccessManager(this);
    }

    quint32 requestId = generateRequestId(stopId);
    if (!this->url.hasQuery())
    {
        LOG(WARNING) << "Attempting to start request without parameters";
    }

    // Part of the filters applied to the request to reduce the data received (for more see slotSetRequestParams())
    QUrlQuery query(this->url.query());
    query.addQueryItem("input", QString::number(requestId));
    // TODO Add more filters; see documentation

    this->url.setQuery(query);

    LOG(INFO) << "Requesting data from \"" << this->url.toString() << "\" with request ID:" << requestId;

    QNetworkRequest request(this->url);
    this->reply = this->manager->get(request);

    // Establish connections from/to the reply and the network access manager
    connect(this->reply, SIGNAL(error(QNetworkReply::NetworkError)), this,
            SLOT(slotErrorRequest(QNetworkReply::NetworkError)));
    connect(this->reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, this, &HttpRetriever::slotFinishRequest);
    connect(this->manager, &QNetworkAccessManager::finished, this->reply, &QNetworkReply::deleteLater);
    connect(this->reply, &QIODevice::readyRead, this, &HttpRetriever::slotReadyReadRequest);
}

正如您所看到的，到目前为止，我已经为我的班级和服务器之间的网络通信奠定了基础，我还没有开始着手解析 XML 回复并从中提取我需要的信息。

问题是我得到（非常，非常经常）要么

解析 XML 数据时遇到错误：需要开始标记。

或者

解析 XML 数据时遇到错误：文档过早结束

在我的processReply()功能中。每次我收到大量回复（几百到几千行）时都会发生这种情况。当我得到一个小的（30-40 行给予或接受）时，它永远不会发生。

因此，问题显然出在我收到的数据量、它被组合在一起的方式QNetworkAccessManager（或所有这些缓冲接收到的数据块的任何 Qt 组件）和/或我设置实例的方式上我班上与网络相关的组件。我还必须在这里做一个重要的说明，即在我的浏览器（带有HttpRequester附加组件的最新 Firefox）中，无论它有多大，我总是会收到完整的 XML。所以这似乎是我的应用程序独有的问题，与我系统上的网络设置无关。

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1 回答 1

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由于@Marco 没有写下答案...

问题是我一直在通过分配结果来重写我的缓冲区QNetworkReply::readAll()。正如建议的那样使用QByteArray::append()解决了这个问题。

为了防止此解决方案可能出现的问题，即您不断附加收到的每一个下一个回复，QByteArray::clear()需要在某些时候调用，例如在finished()发出信号时。当然，在将其冲入下水道之前，需要先处理其内容。

于 2017-11-17T22:36:09.370 回答