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使用 Delphi，我如何访问等效于 .NET 的 System.Environment.SpecialFolder.LocalApplicationData 变量（适用于任何版本的 Windows）？我以为我可以这样做：

dir := GetEnvironmentVariable('LOCALAPPDATA');

这适用于 Vista，但 XP 似乎并没有默认设置该环境变量，至少在我的测试机器上是这样。

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3 回答 3

18

在 Delphi 中，特殊的系统文件夹路径常量在 ShlObj.DCU 中定义，并以 CSIDL_ 后跟符号名称的形式引用。例子：

  • CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY 返回当前桌面的路径
  • CSIDL_PERSONAL 是我的文档目录
  • CSIDL___LOCAL_APPDATA 是 （用户名）\Local Settings\Application Data目录

这是一个快速函数，当给定符号名称时，它将返回适当的特殊文件夹路径。确保在 USES 语句中包含 SHLOBJ.DCU 单元，并使用以下内容：

function GetSpecialFolderPath(Folder: Integer; CanCreate: Boolean): string;

// Gets path of special system folders
//
// Call this routine as follows:
// GetSpecialFolderPath (CSIDL_PERSONAL, false)
//        returns folder as result
//
var
   FilePath: array [0..255] of char;

begin
 SHGetSpecialFolderPath(0, @FilePath[0], FOLDER, CanCreate);
 Result := FilePath;
end;

==================================================== ===============

作为参考，常量如下：

  CSIDL_DESKTOP                       = $0000; { <desktop> }
  CSIDL_INTERNET                      = $0001; { Internet Explorer (icon on desktop) }
  CSIDL_PROGRAMS                      = $0002; { Start Menu\Programs }
  CSIDL_CONTROLS                      = $0003; { My Computer\Control Panel }
  CSIDL_PRINTERS                      = $0004; { My Computer\Printers }
  CSIDL_PERSONAL                      = $0005; { My Documents.  This is equivalent to CSIDL_MYDOCUMENTS in XP and above }
  CSIDL_FAVORITES                     = $0006; { <user name>\Favorites }
  CSIDL_STARTUP                       = $0007; { Start Menu\Programs\Startup }
  CSIDL_RECENT                        = $0008; { <user name>\Recent }
  CSIDL_SENDTO                        = $0009; { <user name>\SendTo }
  CSIDL_BITBUCKET                     = $000a; { <desktop>\Recycle Bin }
  CSIDL_STARTMENU                     = $000b; { <user name>\Start Menu }
  CSIDL_MYDOCUMENTS                   = $000c; { logical "My Documents" desktop icon }
  CSIDL_MYMUSIC                       = $000d; { "My Music" folder }
  CSIDL_MYVIDEO                       = $000e; { "My Video" folder }
  CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY              = $0010; { <user name>\Desktop }
  CSIDL_DRIVES                        = $0011; { My Computer }
  CSIDL_NETWORK                       = $0012; { Network Neighborhood (My Network Places) }
  CSIDL_NETHOOD                       = $0013; { <user name>\nethood }
  CSIDL_FONTS                         = $0014; { windows\fonts }
  CSIDL_TEMPLATES                     = $0015;
  CSIDL_COMMON_STARTMENU              = $0016; { All Users\Start Menu }
  CSIDL_COMMON_PROGRAMS               = $0017; { All Users\Start Menu\Programs }
  CSIDL_COMMON_STARTUP                = $0018; { All Users\Startup }
  CSIDL_COMMON_DESKTOPDIRECTORY       = $0019; { All Users\Desktop }
  CSIDL_APPDATA                       = $001a; { <user name>\Application Data }
  CSIDL_PRINTHOOD                     = $001b; { <user name>\PrintHood }
  CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA                 = $001c; { <user name>\Local Settings\Application Data (non roaming) }
  CSIDL_ALTSTARTUP                    = $001d; { non localized startup }
  CSIDL_COMMON_ALTSTARTUP             = $001e; { non localized common startup }
  CSIDL_COMMON_FAVORITES              = $001f;
  CSIDL_INTERNET_CACHE                = $0020;
  CSIDL_COOKIES                       = $0021;
  CSIDL_HISTORY                       = $0022;
  CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA                = $0023; { All Users\Application Data }
  CSIDL_WINDOWS                       = $0024; { GetWindowsDirectory() }
  CSIDL_SYSTEM                        = $0025; { GetSystemDirectory() }
  CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES                 = $0026; { C:\Program Files }
  CSIDL_MYPICTURES                    = $0027; { C:\Program Files\My Pictures }
  CSIDL_PROFILE                       = $0028; { USERPROFILE }
  CSIDL_SYSTEMX86                     = $0029; { x86 system directory on RISC }
  CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILESX86              = $002a; { x86 C:\Program Files on RISC }
  CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMON          = $002b; { C:\Program Files\Common }
  CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMONX86       = $002c; { x86 C:\Program Files\Common on RISC }
  CSIDL_COMMON_TEMPLATES              = $002d; { All Users\Templates }
  CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS              = $002e; { All Users\Documents }
  CSIDL_COMMON_ADMINTOOLS             = $002f; { All Users\Start Menu\Programs\Administrative Tools }
  CSIDL_ADMINTOOLS                    = $0030; { <user name>\Start Menu\Programs\Administrative Tools }
  CSIDL_CONNECTIONS                   = $0031; { Network and Dial-up Connections }
  CSIDL_COMMON_MUSIC                  = $0035; { All Users\My Music }
  CSIDL_COMMON_PICTURES               = $0036; { All Users\My Pictures }
  CSIDL_COMMON_VIDEO                  = $0037; { All Users\My Video }
  CSIDL_RESOURCES                     = $0038; { Resource Directory }
  CSIDL_RESOURCES_LOCALIZED           = $0039; { Localized Resource Directory }
  CSIDL_COMMON_OEM_LINKS              = $003a; { Links to All Users OEM specific apps }
  CSIDL_CDBURN_AREA                   = $003b; { USERPROFILE\Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\CD Burning }
  CSIDL_COMPUTERSNEARME               = $003d; { Computers Near Me (computered from Workgroup membership) }
  CSIDL_PROFILES                      = $003e;
于 2009-01-23T03:10:52.133 回答
1

见这篇文章。

编辑：

正如 stukelly 在评论中所添加的，有更多关于 SHGetFolderPath() 功能的信息。Delphi VCL 确实应该具有获取标准路径的功能，如果 Embarcadero 确实要在另一个操作系统上拥有另一个类似 Delphi 的工具，这将更加重要。有关系统标准路径的多平台实现，另请参阅wxWidgets中的 wxStandardPaths 文档。在 MSW 上，这使用各种CSIDL_XXX常量。

于 2009-01-22T22:45:22.153 回答
0

假设您可以从 Delphi 进行 WinAPI 调用（您可以使用 ISTR），那么您过去可以通过 API 调用（例如 GetSystemFolder 或 GetUserDataFolder）来做到这一点。自从我不得不这样做已经有一段时间了，但我认为您现在可以通过传入 CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA来使用SHGetFolderPath来做到这一点。

于 2009-01-22T22:49:25.233 回答