为了解决这个问题,我必须在 Win32 文件句柄上编写自己的基本流实现。这并不是很困难,因为我不需要实现异步支持、缓冲或搜索。
不幸的是,需要使用不安全的代码,但这对于将在本地运行并完全信任的控制台应用程序通常不是问题。
这是核心流:
class HandleStream : Stream
{
SafeHandle _handle;
FileAccess _access;
bool _eof;
public HandleStream(SafeHandle handle, FileAccess access)
{
_handle = handle;
_access = access;
}
public override bool CanRead
{
get { return (_access & FileAccess.Read) != 0; }
}
public override bool CanSeek
{
get { return false; }
}
public override bool CanWrite
{
get { return (_access & FileAccess.Write) != 0; }
}
public override void Flush()
{
// use external buffering if you need it.
}
public override long Length
{
get { throw new NotSupportedException(); }
}
public override long Position
{
get { throw new NotSupportedException(); }
set { throw new NotSupportedException(); }
}
static void CheckRange(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
{
if (offset < 0 || count < 0 || (offset + count) < 0
|| (offset + count) > buffer.Length)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
}
public bool EndOfStream
{
get { return _eof; }
}
public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
{
CheckRange(buffer, offset, count);
int result = ReadFileNative(_handle, buffer, offset, count);
_eof |= result == 0;
return result;
}
public override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
{
int notUsed;
Write(buffer, offset, count, out notUsed);
}
public void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count, out int written)
{
CheckRange(buffer, offset, count);
int result = WriteFileNative(_handle, buffer, offset, count);
_eof |= result == 0;
written = result;
}
public override long Seek(long offset, SeekOrigin origin)
{
throw new NotSupportedException();
}
public override void SetLength(long value)
{
throw new NotSupportedException();
}
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
[DllImport("kernel32", SetLastError=true)]
static extern unsafe bool ReadFile(
SafeHandle hFile, byte* lpBuffer, int nNumberOfBytesToRead,
out int lpNumberOfBytesRead, IntPtr lpOverlapped);
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError=true)]
static extern unsafe bool WriteFile(
SafeHandle hFile, byte* lpBuffer, int nNumberOfBytesToWrite,
out int lpNumberOfBytesWritten, IntPtr lpOverlapped);
unsafe static int WriteFileNative(SafeHandle hFile, byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
{
if (buffer.Length == 0)
return 0;
fixed (byte* bufAddr = &buffer[0])
{
int result;
if (!WriteFile(hFile, bufAddr + offset, count, out result, IntPtr.Zero))
{
// Using Win32Exception just to get message resource from OS.
Win32Exception ex = new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
int hr = ex.NativeErrorCode | unchecked((int) 0x80000000);
throw new IOException(ex.Message, hr);
}
return result;
}
}
unsafe static int ReadFileNative(SafeHandle hFile, byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
{
if (buffer.Length == 0)
return 0;
fixed (byte* bufAddr = &buffer[0])
{
int result;
if (!ReadFile(hFile, bufAddr + offset, count, out result, IntPtr.Zero))
{
Win32Exception ex = new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
int hr = ex.NativeErrorCode | unchecked((int) 0x80000000);
throw new IOException(ex.Message, hr);
}
return result;
}
}
}
BufferedStream
如果需要,可以围绕它进行缓冲,但对于控制台输出,TextWriter
无论如何都会进行字符级缓冲,并且只刷新换行符。
流滥用Win32Exception
以提取错误消息,而不是调用FormatMessage
自身。
基于这个流,我能够为控制台 I/O 编写一个简单的包装器:
static class ConsoleStreams
{
enum StdHandle
{
Input = -10,
Output = -11,
Error = -12,
}
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
static extern IntPtr GetStdHandle(int nStdHandle);
static SafeHandle GetStdHandle(StdHandle h)
{
return new SafeFileHandle(GetStdHandle((int) h), true);
}
public static HandleStream OpenStandardInput()
{
return new HandleStream(GetStdHandle(StdHandle.Input), FileAccess.Read);
}
public static HandleStream OpenStandardOutput()
{
return new HandleStream(GetStdHandle(StdHandle.Output), FileAccess.Write);
}
public static HandleStream OpenStandardError()
{
return new HandleStream(GetStdHandle(StdHandle.Error), FileAccess.Write);
}
static TextReader _in;
static StreamWriter _out;
static StreamWriter _error;
public static TextWriter Out
{
get
{
if (_out == null)
{
_out = new StreamWriter(OpenStandardOutput());
_out.AutoFlush = true;
}
return _out;
}
}
public static TextWriter Error
{
get
{
if (_error == null)
{
_error = new StreamWriter(OpenStandardError());
_error.AutoFlush = true;
}
return _error;
}
}
public static TextReader In
{
get
{
if (_in == null)
_in = new StreamReader(OpenStandardInput());
return _in;
}
}
}
最终结果是在管道的另一端终止连接后写入控制台输出会导致消息出现一个很好的异常:
管道正在关闭
通过捕捉并忽略IOException
最外层的,看起来我很高兴。