1

设置：Rails 5.1.3，带有Passenger 和Nginx 的Dreamhost VPS。由于它是 VPS，我没有 root 访问权限来执行任何需要 root 权限的功能。

情况：目前，我用 ActionCable 功能重做了一个以前的 rails 应用程序。早期的配置是使用 Apache 而不是 Nginx 用于 http 服务器。除了websockets，一切都很好，我读了很多文章，都确认action cable + apache不起作用。

那时，我切换到 NginX。使用 NginX，我的第一个观察是应用程序不断尝试“get cable/”过程并且无法升级到 websocket。在阅读了各种讨论后，我设法解决了这个问题：

location /cable {
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000/cable;
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";

}

由于我没有 root 权限来访问通常的 dt/etc/nginx/.../***.conf 文件，使用 dreamhost VPS 包，我可以在 /home/username/nginx/(appname.conf) 中添加一个文件。 com)/(any-file-name.conf) ，这将添加到 nginx“服务器块”，根据 dreamhost 文档。

^^因此，仅在该目录中名为“redis.conf”的文件中的上述代码块就对动作电缆问题进行了排序。它成功地开始在频道上流式传输一切都很好。

我后来意识到，主要问题是我无法执行任何创建、更新、销毁操作 - 任何需要 POST 或 DELETE 方法的操作，因为它会导致真实性令牌错误，说“请求来源（http://siik .io -这是应用程序和域名）与 request.base_url (http://127.0.0.1) 不匹配。

详细错误：

I, [2017-09-11T03:27:28.623080 #7273]  INFO -- : [50a21156-0333-413e-94b

8-07b791c209fc] Completed 200 OK in 83ms (Views: 56.0ms | ActiveRecord: 16.6ms)
I, [2017-09-11T03:27:31.950732 #7273]  INFO -- : [dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] Started POST "/conversations/1/messages" for 106.208.156.243 at 2017-09-11 03:27:31 -0700
I, [2017-09-11T03:27:31.953339 #7273]  INFO -- : [dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] Processing by MessagesController#create as JS
I, [2017-09-11T03:27:31.953511 #7273]  INFO -- : [dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d]   Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "message"=>{"user_id"=>"1", "body"=>"sdfgh"}, "commit"=>"Send", "conversation_id"=>"1"}
W, [2017-09-11T03:27:31.954325 #7273]  WARN -- : [dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] HTTP Origin header (http://www.siik.io) didn't match request.base_url (http://127.0.0.1:8000)
I, [2017-09-11T03:27:31.954890 #7273]  INFO -- : [dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] Completed 422 Unprocessable Entity in 1ms (ActiveRecord: 0.0ms)
F, [2017-09-11T03:27:31.956888 #7273] FATAL -- : [dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d]   
F, [2017-09-11T03:27:31.956969 #7273] FATAL -- : [dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] ActionController::InvalidAuthenticityToken (ActionController::InvalidAuthenticityToken):
F, [2017-09-11T03:27:31.957017 #7273] FATAL -- : [dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d]   
F, [2017-09-11T03:27:31.957126 #7273] FATAL -- : [dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_controller/metal/request_forgery_protection.rb:195:in `handle_unverified_request'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_controller/metal/request_forgery_protection.rb:227:in `handle_unverified_request'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] devise (4.3.0) lib/devise/controllers/helpers.rb:253:in `handle_unverified_request'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_controller/metal/request_forgery_protection.rb:222:in `verify_authenticity_token'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:413:in `block in make_lambda'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:197:in `block (2 levels) in halting'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:12:in `block (2 levels) in <module:Callbacks>'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:198:in `block in halting'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:507:in `block in invoke_before'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:507:in `each'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:507:in `invoke_before'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:130:in `run_callbacks'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:19:in `process_action'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:20:in `process_action'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:32:in `block in process_action'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:166:in `block in instrument'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:21:in `instrument'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:166:in `instrument'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:30:in `process_action'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb:252:in `process_action'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activerecord (5.1.3) lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:22:in `process_action'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:124:in `process'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionview (5.1.3) lib/action_view/rendering.rb:30:in `process'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:189:in `dispatch'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:253:in `dispatch'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:49:in `dispatch'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:31:in `serve'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:46:in `block in serve'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:33:in `each'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:33:in `serve'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:834:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] remotipart (1.3.1) lib/remotipart/middleware.rb:32:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] warden (1.2.7) lib/warden/manager.rb:36:in `block in call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] warden (1.2.7) lib/warden/manager.rb:35:in `catch'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] warden (1.2.7) lib/warden/manager.rb:35:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] rack (2.0.3) lib/rack/etag.rb:25:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] rack (2.0.3) lib/rack/conditional_get.rb:38:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] rack (2.0.3) lib/rack/head.rb:12:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] rack (2.0.3) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:232:in `context'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] rack (2.0.3) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:226:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb:613:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:26:in `block in call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:97:in `run_callbacks'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:24:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:59:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:31:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] railties (5.1.3) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:36:in `call_app'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] railties (5.1.3) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:24:in `block in call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:69:in `block in tagged'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:69:in `tagged'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] railties (5.1.3) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:24:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:79:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:25:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] rack (2.0.3) lib/rack/method_override.rb:22:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] rack (2.0.3) lib/rack/runtime.rb:22:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] activesupport (5.1.3) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb:27:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] actionpack (5.1.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/executor.rb:12:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] rack (2.0.3) lib/rack/sendfile.rb:111:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] railties (5.1.3) lib/rails/engine.rb:522:in `call'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] passenger (5.1.8) src/ruby_supportlib/phusion_passenger/rack/thread_handler_extension.rb:97:in `process_request'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] passenger (5.1.8) src/ruby_supportlib/phusion_passenger/request_handler/thread_handler.rb:160:in `accept_and_process_next_request'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] passenger (5.1.8) src/ruby_supportlib/phusion_passenger/request_handler/thread_handler.rb:113:in `main_loop'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] passenger (5.1.8) src/ruby_supportlib/phusion_passenger/request_handler.rb:416:in `block (3 levels) in start_threads'
[dd8e08f7-f28b-497b-9ae9-e57a6a45c35d] passenger (5.1.8) src/ruby_supportlib/phusion_passenger/utils.rb:113:in `block in create_thread_and_abort_on_exception'

但是，当我通过 http://siik.io:8000 访问该站点时，一切正常，即使是 websockets 位也不需要 redis.conf 文件。

我经历了一周的各种修复和文档，但未能找到解决方案。我认为基本要求是将更多标头添加到 location / {} 块以添加到 nginx.conf 文件中...（我在下面列出了一些我尝试过的示例。）

listen 80;
listen *:80;
server_name siik.io www.siik.io http://siik.io;
location / {

        proxy_redirect off;
        proxy_set_header Host $host:8000;

        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;


        proxy_http_version 1.1;

        proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP $remote_addr:8000;
        proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;

        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000/;
}

..所以我基本上是在尝试上述值的各种组合和排列，以查看什么有效，因为很明显，我不知道这是如何工作的——我对反向代理和 http 服务器有一些概念性的知识。

是的，我知道 request.origin == request.base_url 来自于 rails 的protect_from_forgery 位，我不认为将其关闭是一个解决方案，尽管我确实在某处读过包含正确的标题将解决这个问题。我已经尝试了这个标头集的一些变体，但都没有奏效，我想知道是否包含正确的标头应该达到 http 源标头将从 domainname.io 更改为 IP 地址或 request.base_url 将从域名的IP地址？？

哦，是的，当我在 redis.conf 旁边的新文件 proxy.conf 中添加 location / {} 块时，它完全中断了。通过 domainname.io 的网站拒绝连接，而 domainname.io:8000 完美运行。即使是 location / 下的空块也会破坏它 - 我正在测试是否有任何特定的 proxy_set 命令导致它破坏 - 但没有。只是“位置/{}”位打破了它 - 也许这是预期的？

为什么当我通过 siik.io:8000 使用明确的端口号访问它时，它可以完美地工作？

非常感谢任何帮助！！！！

4

2 回答 2

1

固定的。

我不完全确定这是如何解决的，我仍在试图弄清楚为什么一切正常。基本上，问题似乎与维护Passenger+Nginx 配置的方式有关。- 我相信这是一个dreamhost特定的问题。

我最初的 VPS 配置是按照 Dave Jones 在 youtube 上的教程使用 Apache 作为 http 服务器完成的。在 Dreamhost 面板的域托管部分中，有一个复选框可以将 Passenger 与 ruby​​ 应用程序一起使用，根据我遵循的原始教程，该应用程序未选中。阅读@Camden 的链接 - 非常有帮助 - 我决定从头开始重新配置所有内容，并检查控制面板上的这个乘客箱以及 HTTPS 安全位，添加来自“让我们加密 SSL”的证书并重新启动我的服务器。一切都开始按要求完美运行。我还在 CONF 文件中的“/cable”位置块下添加了 443 端口的标头 - 并在 production.rb 文件中添加了http://www.domainnam.io，并将 config.force_ssl 设置为 true。

所以，总而言之，我理解问题在于乘客 nginx 集成的配置不当。谢谢@Camden 的链接。

于 2017-09-12T14:35:18.447 回答
0

您不需要在另一个端口上运行您的动作电缆服务器，请尝试按照以下说明操作：https ://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/config/nginx/action_cable_integration/

根据 THE RULES™ 复制到这里：

在同一主机和端口上运行 Action Cable 服务器，在子 URI 下

这是 Rails 推荐的默认设置，也是最简单的。它通过安装ActionCable.server到您的config/routes.rb. 这样，您的 Action Cable 服务器将与您的应用程序在同一主机和端口上运行，但在子 URI 下。

例如，您routes.rb可能包含：

# Serve websocket cable requests in-process
mount ActionCable.server => '/cable'

（尽管routes.rb评论说挂载ActionCable.server是为了在进程中提供服务，但Passenger实际上坚持将其作为一个单独的进程运行。）

要在Passenger + Nginx 中进行这项工作，您需要向您的Nginx 虚拟主机添加一个片段。假设您的应用程序已经有一个虚拟主机，如下所示：

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.foo.com;
    root /path-to-your-app/public;
    passenger_enabled on;
}

您需要插入一个配置动作电缆端点的位置块，如下所示：

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.foo.com;
    root /path-to-your-app/public;
    passenger_enabled on;

    ### INSERT THIS!!! ###
    location /cable {
        passenger_app_group_name YOUR_APP_NAME_HERE_action_cable;
        passenger_force_max_concurrent_requests_per_process 0;
    }
}

替换/cable为您在 routes.rb 中指定的实际操作电缆路径。

替换YOUR_APP_NAME_HERE为 Nginx 配置文件中其他任何地方都没有出现的唯一标识符。

该passenger_force_max_concurrent_requests_per_process选项调整Passenger以获得最佳WebSocket性能。

于 2017-09-11T16:33:10.753 回答