23

Python 框架总是提供处理 URL 的方法，这些 URL 以优雅的方式传达请求的数据，例如http://somewhere.overtherainbow.com/userid/123424/

我想让你注意结束路径/userid/123424/

你如何在 ASP.NET 中做到这一点？

4

6 回答 6

29

此示例使用 ASP.NET 路由来实现友好的 URL。

应用程序处理的映射示例如下：

http://samplesite/userid/1234 - http://samplesite/users.aspx?userid=1234
http://samplesite/userid/1235 - http://samplesite/users.aspx?userid=1235

此示例使用查询字符串并避免修改 aspx 页面上的代码的任何要求。

第 1 步 - 将必要的条目添加到 web.config

<system.web>
<compilation debug="true">
        <assemblies>
            …
            <add assembly="System.Web.Routing, Version=3.5.0.0,    Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
        </assemblies>
    </compilation>
…
    <httpModules>
    …
        <add name="UrlRoutingModule" type="System.Web.Routing.UrlRoutingModule, System.Web.Routing, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" />
        </httpModules>
</system.web>
<system.webServer>
    …
    <modules>
        …
        <add name="UrlRoutingModule" type="System.Web.Routing.UrlRoutingModule, System.Web.Routing, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
    </modules>
    <handlers
…   
        <add name="UrlRoutingHandler" preCondition="integratedMode" verb="*" path="UrlRouting.axd" type="System.Web.HttpForbiddenHandler,                 System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,              PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"/>
    </handlers>
</system.webServer>

第 2 步 - 在 global.asax 中添加路由表

定义从友好 URL 到 aspx 页面的映射，保存请求的用户 ID 供以后使用。 

void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
}

public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
{
    routes.Add("UseridRoute", new Route
    (
       "userid/{userid}",
       new CustomRouteHandler("~/users.aspx")
    ));
}

第 3 步 - 实现路由处理程序

在路由发生之前将查询字符串添加到当前上下文。 

using System.Web.Compilation;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Routing;

public class CustomRouteHandler : IRouteHandler
{
    public CustomRouteHandler(string virtualPath)
    {
        this.VirtualPath = virtualPath;
    }

    public string VirtualPath { get; private set; }

    public IHttpHandler GetHttpHandler(RequestContext
          requestContext)
    {
        // Add the querystring to the URL in the current context
        string queryString = "?userid=" + requestContext.RouteData.Values["userid"];
        HttpContext.Current.RewritePath(
          string.Concat(
          VirtualPath,
          queryString)); 

        var page = BuildManager.CreateInstanceFromVirtualPath
             (VirtualPath, typeof(Page)) as IHttpHandler;
        return page;
    }
}

来自 users.aspx 的代码

aspx 页面上的代码供参考。 

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    string id = Page.Request.QueryString["userid"];
    switch (id)
    {
        case "1234":
            lblUserId.Text = id;
            lblUserName.Text = "Bill";
            break;
        case "1235":
            lblUserId.Text = id;
            lblUserName.Text = "Claire";
            break;
        case "1236":
            lblUserId.Text = id;
            lblUserName.Text = "David";
            break;
        default:
            lblUserId.Text = "0000";
            lblUserName.Text = "Unknown";
            break;
}
于 2009-01-02T14:42:29.960 回答
8

这是另一个使用 ASP.NET 路由来实现友好 URL 的替代示例。

应用程序处理的映射示例如下：

http://samplesite/userid/1234 - http://samplesite/users.aspx?userid=1234
http://samplesite/userid/1235 - http://samplesite/users.aspx?userid=1235

此示例不使用查询字符串，但需要在 aspx 页面上 附加代码。

第 1 步 - 将必要的条目添加到 web.config

<system.web>
<compilation debug="true">
        <assemblies>
            …
            <add assembly="System.Web.Routing, Version=3.5.0.0,    Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
        </assemblies>
    </compilation>
…
    <httpModules>
    …
        <add name="UrlRoutingModule" type="System.Web.Routing.UrlRoutingModule, System.Web.Routing, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" />
        </httpModules>
</system.web>
<system.webServer>
    …
    <modules>
        …
        <add name="UrlRoutingModule" type="System.Web.Routing.UrlRoutingModule, System.Web.Routing, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
    </modules>
    <handlers
…   
        <add name="UrlRoutingHandler" preCondition="integratedMode" verb="*" path="UrlRouting.axd" type="System.Web.HttpForbiddenHandler,                 System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,              PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"/>
    </handlers>
</system.webServer>

第 2 步 - 在 global.asax 中添加路由表

定义从友好 URL 到 aspx 页面的映射，保存请求的用户 ID 供以后使用。 

void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
}

public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
{
    routes.Add("UseridRoute", new Route
    (
       "userid/{userid}",
       new CustomRouteHandler("~/users.aspx")
    ));
}

第 3 步 - 实现路由处理程序

将包含参数的路由上下文传递给页面。（注意IRoutablePage的定义） 

using System.Web.Compilation;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Routing;

public interface IRoutablePage
{
    RequestContext RequestContext { set; }
}

public class CustomRouteHandler : IRouteHandler
{
    public CustomRouteHandler(string virtualPath)
    {
        this.VirtualPath = virtualPath;
    }

    public string VirtualPath { get; private set; }

    public IHttpHandler GetHttpHandler(RequestContext
          requestContext)
    {
        var page = BuildManager.CreateInstanceFromVirtualPath
             (VirtualPath, typeof(Page)) as IHttpHandler;

        if (page != null)
        {
            var routablePage = page as IRoutablePage;

            if (routablePage != null) routablePage.RequestContext = requestContext;
        }

        return page;
    }
}

第 4 步 - 检索目标页面上的参数

注意 IRoutablePage 的实现。 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.Routing;

public partial class users : System.Web.UI.Page, IRoutablePage
{
    protected RequestContext requestContext;

    protected object RouteValue(string key)
    {
        return requestContext.RouteData.Values[key];
    }

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        string id = RouteValue("userid").ToString();
        switch (id)
        {
            case "1234":
                lblUserId.Text = id;
                lblUserName.Text = "Bill";
                break;
            case "1235":
                lblUserId.Text = id;
                lblUserName.Text = "Claire";
                break;
            case "1236":
                lblUserId.Text = id;
                lblUserName.Text = "David";
                break;
            default:
                lblUserId.Text = "0000";
                lblUserName.Text = "Unknown";
                break;
        }
    }

    #region IRoutablePage Members

    public RequestContext RequestContext
    {
        set { requestContext = value; }
    }

    #endregion
}
于 2009-01-02T15:09:13.523 回答
1

Here's another way of doing it using ASP.NET MVC

First off, here's the controller code with two actions. Index gets a list of users from the model, userid gets an individual user: 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Mvc.Ajax;

namespace MvcApplication1.Controllers
{
    public class UsersController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View(Models.UserDB.GetUsers());
        }
        public ActionResult userid(int id)
        {
            return View(Models.UserDB.GetUser(id));
        }
    }
}

Here's the Index.asp view, it uses an ActionLink to create links in the correct format: 

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="Index.aspx.cs" Inherits="MvcApplication1.Views.Index" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="MvcApplication1.Controllers" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="MvcApplication1.Models" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
    <div>
    <h2>Index of Users</h2>
           <ul>
            <% foreach (User user in (IEnumerable)ViewData.Model) { %>
                 <li>
                       <%= Html.ActionLink(user.name, "userid", new {id = user.id })%>
                 </li>
            <% } %>
           </ul>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

And here's the userid.aspx view which displays an individual's details: 

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="userid.aspx.cs" Inherits="MvcApplication1.Views.Users.userid" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="MvcApplication1.Controllers" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="MvcApplication1.Models" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <table border ="1">
            <tr>
                <td>
                ID
                </td>
                <td>
                <%=((User)ViewData.Model).id %>
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>
                Name
                </td>
                <td>
                <%=((User)ViewData.Model).name %>
                </td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

And finally for completeness, here's the model code: 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace MvcApplication1.Models
{
    public class UserDB
    {
        private static List<User> users = new List<User>{
            new User(){id=12345, name="Bill"},
            new User(){id=12346, name="Claire"},
            new User(){id=12347, name="David"}
        };

        public static List<User> GetUsers()
        {
            return users;
        }

        public static User GetUser(int id)
        {
            return users.First(user => user.id == id);
        }

    }

    public class User
    {
        public int id { get; set; }
        public string name { get; set; }
    }
}
于 2009-01-05T15:26:27.763 回答
1

我一直在使用 Intelligencia 的 URL 重写器：

http://urlrewriter.net/

配置起来非常容易——可能需要一个小时才能全部启动并运行。它的问题很少...

我会推荐它，但我应该提到我没有尝试过任何其他的。

祝你好运！

于 2009-05-07T12:05:42.580 回答
0

此外，请查看 ASP.NET MVC，或者如果您设置在 webforms 上，请查看 ASP.NET 3.5 SP1 中的新 System.Web.Routing 命名空间

于 2008-09-05T06:40:33.787 回答
0

我为这个问题开发了一个开源NuGet 库，它隐式地将 EveryMvc/Url 转换为 every-mvc/url。

虚线 URL 对 SEO 更友好且更易于阅读。小写 URL 往往会产生较少的问题。（更多关于我的博客文章）

NuGet 包：https ://www.nuget.org/packages/LowercaseDashedRoute/

要安装它，只需在 Visual Studio 中打开 NuGet 窗口，方法是右键单击项目并选择 NuGet 包管理器，然后在“在线”选项卡上键入“小写虚线”，它应该会弹出。

或者，您可以在包管理器控制台中运行此代码：

Install-Package LowercaseDashedRoute

之后，您应该打开 App_Start/RouteConfig.cs 并注释掉现有的 route.MapRoute(...) 调用并添加以下内容：

routes.Add(new LowercaseDashedRoute("{controller}/{action}/{id}",
  new RouteValueDictionary(
    new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }),
    new DashedRouteHandler()
  )
);

而已。所有的 url 都是小写、虚线和隐式转换，而无需您做任何其他事情。

开源项目网址：https ://github.com/AtaS/lowercase-dashed-route

于 2013-08-04T16:39:51.550 回答