9

我试图了解如何在 XP、Vista 和 Windows 7 上获取从 PEM 格式（示例包含在下面的代码中）导入的公钥。示例代码将在 XP 和 Windows Vista/7 上导入密钥，但不会一样的方法。

在 Windows XP 上，密码提供程序的名称中需要字符串“(Prototype)”，并允许对 CryptImportPublicKeyInfo 的调用通过。

在 Windows 7 上，显然存在“（原型）”提供程序，但不支持对 CryptImportPublicKeyInfo 的调用，这令人困惑。

这些操作系统之间的正确实现可能是什么样的？是否有必要检测 XP 并使用"(Prototype)"请求名称，而对于其他操作系统则没有它？是否有可能在某些 XP 系统上仍然会失败？

或者，有没有办法检测这种令人困惑的行为并选择支持必要调用的加密提供者？

Windows 7 上的输出：

ANALYZING CRYPTOGRAPHIC SUPPORT FOR:
     "Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider"
     CryptAcquireContext success.
     CryptAcquireContext.1 success.
     CryptStringToBinary.2 success.
     CryptDecodeObjectEx success.
     CryptImportPublicKeyInfo success.
     SUCCESS.
ANALYZING CRYPTOGRAPHIC SUPPORT FOR:
     "Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider (Prototype)"
     CryptAcquireContext success.
     CryptAcquireContext.1 success.
     CryptStringToBinary.2 success.
     CryptDecodeObjectEx success.
     CryptImportPublicKeyInfo FAILED****.

Windows XP 上的输出：

ANALYZING CRYPTOGRAPHIC SUPPORT FOR:
     "Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider"
     CryptAcquireContext success.
     CryptAcquireContext.1 success.
     CryptStringToBinary.2 success.
     CryptDecodeObjectEx success.
     CryptImportPublicKeyInfo FAILED****.
ANALYZING CRYPTOGRAPHIC SUPPORT FOR:
     "Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider (Prototype)"
     CryptAcquireContext success.
     CryptAcquireContext.1 success.
     CryptStringToBinary.2 success.
     CryptDecodeObjectEx success.
     CryptImportPublicKeyInfo success.
     SUCCESS.

产生该输出的 C++ 源代码：（需要 crypt32.lib）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <wincrypt.h>

bool windowsAcquireProviderContext(HCRYPTPROV *pHandleProv, LPCTSTR pProviderName);
bool analyzeCryptographicSupport(LPCTSTR pProviderName);

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    analyzeCryptographicSupport(MS_ENH_RSA_AES_PROV);
    analyzeCryptographicSupport(L"Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider (Prototype)");
    return 0;
}

bool windowsAcquireProviderContext(HCRYPTPROV *pHandleProv, LPCTSTR pProviderName) {
    WCHAR *pContainerName = L"blah blah blah";
    if(!CryptAcquireContext(pHandleProv, pContainerName, pProviderName, PROV_RSA_AES, CRYPT_SILENT)) {
        if(GetLastError() == NTE_BAD_KEYSET) {
            if(CryptAcquireContext(pHandleProv, pContainerName, pProviderName, PROV_RSA_AES, CRYPT_NEWKEYSET|CRYPT_SILENT)) {
                return true;
            }
        } 
    }
    return true;
}

LPCWSTR pwszPemPublicKey = 
    L"-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----\r\n"
    L"MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC6GUVcbn92bahlwOskKi8XkG9q\r\n"
    L"Vq863+C4cOWC6HzJojc011pJFFIBu8/pG1EI8FZJdBmTrFaJTriYw1/SpbOH0QqE\r\n"
    L"eHanT8qWn+S5m9xgDJoWTBJKcnu3OHOvJJU3c8jOHQQnRWLfghJH4vnwStdiwUUY\r\n"
    L"SMWpwuHObsNelGBgEQIDAQAB\r\n"
    L"-----END PUBLIC KEY-----\r\n";
int pemPublicKeySize = wcslen(pwszPemPublicKey);

bool analyzeCryptographicSupport(LPCTSTR pProviderName) {

    printf("ANALYZING CRYPTOGRAPHIC SUPPORT FOR:\r\n");
    wprintf(L"\t \"%s\"\r\n", pProviderName);

    HCRYPTPROV hProv;
    if(!windowsAcquireProviderContext(&hProv, pProviderName)) {
        wprintf(L"\t CryptAcquireContext FAILED.\r\n");
        return false;
    }
    wprintf(L"\t CryptAcquireContext success.\r\n");

    DWORD blobSize;

    if(!CryptStringToBinary(pwszPemPublicKey, pemPublicKeySize, CRYPT_STRING_BASE64_ANY,  NULL, &blobSize, NULL, NULL)) {
        CryptReleaseContext(hProv, 0);
        wprintf(L"\t CryptStringToBinary.1 FAILED****.\r\n");
        return false;
    }
    wprintf(L"\t CryptAcquireContext.1 success.\r\n");

    BYTE *pBlob = (BYTE *)malloc(blobSize);

    if(!CryptStringToBinary(pwszPemPublicKey, pemPublicKeySize, CRYPT_STRING_BASE64_ANY,  pBlob, &blobSize, NULL, NULL)) {
        free(pBlob);
        CryptReleaseContext(hProv, 0);
        wprintf(L"\t CryptStringToBinary.2 FAILED****.\r\n");
        return false;
    }
    wprintf(L"\t CryptStringToBinary.2 success.\r\n");

    CERT_PUBLIC_KEY_INFO *publicKeyInfo;
    DWORD publicKeyInfoLen;
    HCRYPTKEY hPublicKey;

    if(!CryptDecodeObjectEx(X509_ASN_ENCODING|PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING, X509_PUBLIC_KEY_INFO, pBlob, blobSize, CRYPT_DECODE_ALLOC_FLAG, NULL, &publicKeyInfo, &publicKeyInfoLen)) {
        free(pBlob);
        CryptReleaseContext(hProv, 0);
        wprintf(L"\t CryptDecodeObjectEx FAILED****.\r\n");
        return false;
    }
    wprintf(L"\t CryptDecodeObjectEx success.\r\n");

    if(!CryptImportPublicKeyInfo(hProv, X509_ASN_ENCODING|PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING, publicKeyInfo, &hPublicKey)) {
        LocalFree(publicKeyInfo);
        free(pBlob);
        CryptReleaseContext(hProv, 0);
        wprintf(L"\t CryptImportPublicKeyInfo FAILED****.\r\n");
        return false;
    }
    wprintf(L"\t CryptImportPublicKeyInfo success.\r\n");

    CryptDestroyKey(hPublicKey);
    LocalFree(publicKeyInfo);
    free(pBlob);
    CryptReleaseContext(hProv, 0);

    wprintf(L"\t SUCCESS.\r\n");
    return true;
}
4

2 回答 2

10

您描述的问题的原因很简单：Microsoft 将 AES Cryptographic Provider从

  • "Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider (Prototype)"在 Windows XP 中
  • "Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider"在以后的操作系统版本中。

InWinCrypt.h中定义了相应的常量MS_ENH_RSA_AES_PROV以及MS_ENH_RSA_AES_PROV_XP您可以使用的常量。

如果您不想测试操作系统的版本，您可以将CryptAcquireContext与NULLaspszProvider一起使用（并继续使用PROV_RSA_AESas dwProvType）。在您的代码中，您可以包含analyzeCryptographicSupport(NULL);.

您还可以检查注册表项的“名称”值

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Cryptography\Defaults\Provider Types\Type 024

查看默认PROV_RSA_AES提供者的名称。

于 2010-12-23T23:44:56.460 回答
0

我想我记得在某处读到微软在名称上搞砸了，它要求“（原型）”出现在 XP 上，而在 Vista 及更高版本上不存在。我认为您必须在运行时检测平台并使用适当的字符串。

于 2010-12-21T15:47:10.730 回答