我正在使用 PKCS11Interop 在 HSM 中执行密钥管理操作。我使用的 HSM 是 Thales PCI Express。下面是包装在 HSM 中执行的所有操作的类：
public sealed class KeyStoreOperations
{
private KeyStoreContext m_keyStoreContext;
private static Pkcs11 m_Pkcs11;
private static readonly object _syncLockPkcs11 = new object();
private static readonly object _syncLockHSMLogin = new object();
public KeyStoreOperations(KeyStoreContext keyStoreContext)
{
m_keyStoreContext = keyStoreContext;
InitializePkcs11Object();
}
/// <summary>
/// Generates key in the key store
/// </summary>
/// <param name="keyName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public void GenerateKey(string keyName)
{
HSMTransactionHandler((Session session) =>
{
Mechanism mechanism = new Mechanism(CKM.CKM_RSA_PKCS_KEY_PAIR_GEN);
ObjectHandle publicKeyHandle = null;
ObjectHandle privateKeyHandle = null;
byte[] ckaId = session.GenerateRandom(20);
List<ObjectAttribute> publicKeyAttributes = CreatePublicKeyTemplate(keyName, ckaId);
List<ObjectAttribute> privateKeyAttributes = CreatePrivateKeyTemplate(keyName, ckaId);
session.GenerateKeyPair(mechanism, publicKeyAttributes, privateKeyAttributes, out publicKeyHandle, out privateKeyHandle);
});
}
/// <summary>
/// Destroys key in the key store
/// </summary>
/// <param name="keyLabel"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public void DestroyKey(string keyName)
{
HSMTransactionHandler((Session session) =>
{
var publicKeyHandle = GetPublicKey(keyName, session);
var privateKeyHandle = GetPrivateKey(keyName, session);
if (publicKeyHandle != null && privateKeyHandle != null)
{
session.DestroyObject(publicKeyHandle);
session.DestroyObject(privateKeyHandle);
}
});
}
/// <summary>
/// Encrypts a message using the key in the key store
/// </summary>
/// <param name="keyName"></param>
/// <param name="message"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string Encrypt(string keyName, string message)
{
ValidateInputs(message, "Message");
var encryptedMessage = string.Empty;
HSMTransactionHandler((Session session) =>
{
Mechanism mechanism = new Mechanism(CKM.CKM_RSA_PKCS);
var publicKey = GetPublicKey(keyName, session);
if (publicKey == null)
throw new HSMException(ErrorConstant.HSM_ENCRYPTION_KEY_NOT_FOUND);
var originalKeyBytes = EncryptionHelper.Decode(message);
var encryptedKeyBytes = session.Encrypt(mechanism, publicKey, originalKeyBytes);
encryptedMessage = EncryptionHelper.Encode(encryptedKeyBytes);
});
return encryptedMessage;
}
/// <summary>
/// Decrypts a key using the key in the key store
/// </summary>
/// <param name="keyName"></param>
/// <param name="cipher"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string Decrypt(string keyName, string cipher)
{
ValidateInputs(cipher, "Cipher");
var decryptedMessage = string.Empty;
HSMTransactionHandler((Session session) =>
{
Mechanism mechanism = new Mechanism(CKM.CKM_RSA_PKCS);
var privateKey = GetPrivateKey(keyName, session);
if (privateKey == null)
throw new HSMException(ErrorConstant.HSM_ENCRYPTION_KEY_NOT_FOUND);
var encryptedSymmetricKeyBytes = EncryptionHelper.Decode(cipher);
var decryptedSymmetricKeyBytes = session.Decrypt(mechanism, privateKey, encryptedSymmetricKeyBytes);
decryptedMessage = EncryptionHelper.Encode(decryptedSymmetricKeyBytes);
});
return decryptedMessage;
}
#region Private methods
#region Validations
private void ValidateInputs(string input, string name)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input))
throw new ArgumentNullException(name);
}
#endregion Validations
private void HSMTransactionHandler(Action<Session> action)
{
Slot hsmSlot = null;
Session hsmSession = null;
try
{
hsmSlot = GetSlot(m_keyStoreContext.ModuleToken);
hsmSession = hsmSlot.OpenSession(false);
lock (_syncLockHSMLogin)
{
hsmSession.Login(CKU.CKU_USER, m_keyStoreContext.SecurityPin);
action(hsmSession);
hsmSession.Logout();
}
}
catch (Pkcs11Exception ex)
{
HandleHSMErrors(ex);
}
finally
{
if (!(hsmSession == null))
hsmSession.CloseSession();
}
}
private ObjectHandle GetPrivateKey(string keyName, Session session)
{
ObjectHandle privateKey = null;
List<ObjectHandle> foundObjects = null;
List<ObjectAttribute> objectAttributes = new List<ObjectAttribute>();
objectAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_LABEL, keyName));
objectAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_PRIVATE, true));
foundObjects = session.FindAllObjects(objectAttributes);
if (foundObjects != null && foundObjects.Count > 0)
{
privateKey = foundObjects[0];
}
return privateKey;
}
private ObjectHandle GetPublicKey(string keyName, Session session)
{
ObjectHandle publicKey = null;
List<ObjectHandle> foundObjects = null;
List<ObjectAttribute> objectAttributes = new List<ObjectAttribute>();
objectAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_LABEL, keyName));
objectAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_PRIVATE, false));
foundObjects = session.FindAllObjects(objectAttributes);
if (foundObjects != null && foundObjects.Count > 0)
{
publicKey = foundObjects[0];
}
return publicKey;
}
private List<ObjectAttribute> CreatePublicKeyTemplate(string keyName, byte[] ckaId)
{
List<ObjectAttribute> publicKeyAttributes = new List<ObjectAttribute>();
publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_TOKEN, true));
publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_PRIVATE, false));
publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_LABEL, keyName));
publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_ID, ckaId));
publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_ENCRYPT, true));
publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_VERIFY, true));
publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_VERIFY_RECOVER, true));
publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_WRAP, true));
publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_MODULUS_BITS, Convert.ToUInt64(m_keyStoreContext.KeySize)));
publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, new byte[] { 0x01, 0x00, 0x01 }));
return publicKeyAttributes;
}
private List<ObjectAttribute> CreatePrivateKeyTemplate(string keyName, byte[] ckaId)
{
List<ObjectAttribute> privateKeyAttributes = new List<ObjectAttribute>();
privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_TOKEN, true));
privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_PRIVATE, true));
privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_LABEL, keyName));
privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_ID, ckaId));
privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_SENSITIVE, true));
privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_DECRYPT, true));
privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_SIGN, true));
privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_SIGN_RECOVER, true));
privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_UNWRAP, true));
return privateKeyAttributes;
}
private Slot GetSlot(string tokenLabel)
{
Slot matchingSlot = null;
List<Slot> slots = m_Pkcs11.GetSlotList(true);
matchingSlot = slots[0];
if (tokenLabel != null)
{
matchingSlot = null;
foreach (Slot slot in slots)
{
TokenInfo tokenInfo = null;
try
{
tokenInfo = slot.GetTokenInfo();
}
catch (Pkcs11Exception ex)
{
if (ex.RV != CKR.CKR_TOKEN_NOT_RECOGNIZED && ex.RV != CKR.CKR_TOKEN_NOT_PRESENT)
throw;
}
if (tokenInfo == null)
continue;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(m_keyStoreContext.ModuleToken))
if (0 != string.Compare(m_keyStoreContext.ModuleToken, tokenInfo.Label, StringComparison.Ordinal))
continue;
matchingSlot = slot;
break;
}
if (matchingSlot == null)
throw new HSMException(string.Format(ErrorConstant.HSM_CONFIGURATION_ERROR_INCORRECT_SLOT, tokenLabel));
}
return matchingSlot;
}
private void InitializePkcs11Object()
{
if (m_Pkcs11 == null)
{
lock (_syncLockPkcs11)
{
m_Pkcs11 = new Pkcs11(m_keyStoreContext.PKCS11LibraryPath, true);
}
}
}
private void HandleHSMErrors(Pkcs11Exception ex)
{
if (ex.RV == CKR.CKR_PIN_INCORRECT)
{
throw new HSMException(ErrorConstant.HSM_CONFIGURATION_ERROR_PIN_INCORRECT, ex);
}
else
{
throw new HSMException(ErrorConstant.HSM_CONFIGURATION_ERROR_GENERIC, ex);
}
}
#endregion
}
如果您注意到我正在使用两个对象来应用锁。对象 _syncLockPkcs11 用于在 m_Pkcs11 上实现单例，而 _syncLockHSMLogin 用于将 Login 同步到 HSM。早些时候，当我没有安装这些锁时，我曾经从 HSM、CKU_USER_ALREADY_LOGGED_IN 和 CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED 收到以下错误。我根据此链接和第6.7.7 节使用本文档会话的示例中提供的信息实施了此更改，即
在我目前的实施中，我没有收到任何这些错误，但想在这里了解专家意见。
我的一些问题是：
以这种方式使用 m_Pkcs11 是否可以，即不在整个流程生命周期中处理它？
可以对 HSM 登录方法应用锁定吗？我之所以问，是因为我没有找到任何暗示这一点的在线参考资料。
有没有办法以更好的方式实现这一目标？