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我正在使用 Python 2.7 (Anaconda) 和 matplotlib 来获得“桌面”方形补丁 - 背景 - 上的方形补丁的动画,以便小方块必须沿着所需的方向移动(北、南、est、west)对于范围 = n 个位置(移动 = 1)。我第一次使用 FuncAnimation,但作为情节,我只得到绘制 n 次的正方形,而不是让它移动/动画。这是我的示例方向“南”的代码:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as ptc
from matplotlib import animation
import numpy as np
#__________________________________________________________________________PLOT
fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(111,aspect='equal')

ax1.set_xlim((0,10))
ax1.set_ylim((0,10))

#________________________________________________FIGURES_VECTORS_INITIALIZATION
#DESK 
desk=np.matrix([[1,1],[9,1],[9,9],[1,9]]) #desk vertices
#setting initialization - DESK
def initDesk():
    ax1.add_patch(ptc.Polygon(desk, closed=True,
                          fill=False, hatch="/"))    

#SQUARE
squVer=np.matrix([[4.5,6.5],[5.5,6.5],[5.5,7.5],[4.5,7.5]]) #square vertices

#_____________________________________________________DIRECTIONS_INITIALIZATION 
move=1
null=0
#4DIRECTIONS
north=np.array(([+null,+move]))
south=np.array([+null,-move])
est=np.array([+move,+null])
west=np.array([-move,+null])

#_____________________________________________________________________ANIMATION
def animate(newPos):
    iniSqu=np.matrix(squVer)
    position=newPos

    for step in range (0,4):
        if step < 1: #starting point
            newPos=iniSqu
        else: 
            newPos=iniSqu+position
        square=ptc.Polygon(newPos, closed=True,
                             facecolor="blue")
        ax1.add_patch(square)
        iniSqu=newPos

anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate(south),init_func=initDesk(),repeat=True)

plt.show()

这是我的输出

关于什么可以解决问题并使补丁动画而不是在同一图形上绘制 n 次的建议?

4

1 回答 1

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您误解了工作方式FuncAnimation。它的签名是

FuncAnimation(figure, func, frames, ...)

wherefunc是被重复调用的函数,它frames是一个数字、列表或数组,或者是一个生成器。

该函数func在每个时间步都被调用,根据frames. 在您上面的代码中,该函数已经为每个调用完成了所有操作,这当然是不希望的。相反,它应该为每次调用做一些不同的事情。

此外,您不应自己调用该函数,而应仅将其提供给FuncAnimaton类,然后该类将调用它。所以它是真的FuncAnimation(figure, func, frames, ...)而不是FuncAnimation(figure, func(something), frames, ...)

要制作使正方形向南移动四次的动画,frames将是一个类似的列表frames = [south, south, south, south]

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as ptc
from matplotlib import animation
import numpy as np

fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(111,aspect='equal')

ax1.set_xlim((0,10))
ax1.set_ylim((0,10))

desk=np.matrix([[1,1],[9,1],[9,9],[1,9]]) #desk vertices
#SQUARE
squVer=np.matrix([[4.5,6.5],[5.5,6.5],[5.5,7.5],[4.5,7.5]]) #square vertices
iniSqu=[squVer]

move=1
null=0
#4DIRECTIONS
north=np.array(([+null,+move]))
south=np.array([+null,-move])
est=np.array([+move,+null])
west=np.array([-move,+null])

deskpoly = [ptc.Polygon(desk, closed=True, fill=False, hatch="/")]
squarepoly = [ptc.Polygon(iniSqu[0], closed=True, facecolor="blue")]

def initDesk():
    ax1.clear()
    ax1.set_xlim((0,10))
    ax1.set_ylim((0,10))
    iniSqu[0] = squVer
    ax1.add_patch(deskpoly[0])
    ax1.add_patch(squarepoly[0])

def animate(direction):
    iniSqu[0] = iniSqu[0] + direction
    squarepoly[0].remove()
    squarepoly[0] = ptc.Polygon(iniSqu[0], closed=True, facecolor="blue")
    ax1.add_patch(squarepoly[0])

frames = (south, south, south, south)
anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, frames=frames, init_func=initDesk,repeat=True)

plt.show()

在此处输入图像描述

于 2017-06-19T00:42:46.130 回答