java - 创建 Hibernate SessionFactory 时如何设置数据源？

Question

我正在创建 SessionFactory，并且在创建 SessionFactory 的代码中将数据源作为对象，但我无法将数据源设置为 Hibernate Configuration 对象。那么如何将我的数据源设置为我的 SessionFactory？

Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", "org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect");
configuration.setProperties(properties);
configuration.setProperty("packagesToScan", "com.my.app");
SessionFactory sessionFactory = configuration.configure().buildSessionFactory();

score 16 · Accepted Answer

If you happen to have your DataSource stored in JNDI, then simply use:

configuration.setProperty(
    "hibernate.connection.datasource",
    "java:comp/env/jdbc/yourDataSource");

But if you use a custom data source provider like Apache DBCP or BoneCP and you don't want to use a dependency injection framework like Spring, then you may inject it on the StandardServiceRegistryBuilder before creating the SessionFactory:

//retrieve your DataSource
DataSource dataSource = ...;
Configuration configuration = new Configuration()
    .configure();
//create the SessionFactory from configuration
SessionFactory sf = configuration
    .buildSessionFactory(
        new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
            .applySettings(configuration.getProperties())
            //here you apply the custom dataSource
            .applySetting(Environment.DATASOURCE, dataSource)
            .build());

Note that if you use this approach, you don't need to put the connection parameters in your hibernate.cfg.xml anymore. Here's an example of a compatible hibernate.cfg.xml file when using approach from above:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>

    <session-factory>
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect</property>
        <property name="show_sql">false</property>
        <!-- your mappings to classes go here -->
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

Code above tested on Hibernate 4.3.

score 15 · Accepted Answer

要为 Session 提供 JDBC 连接，您需要实现ConnectionProvider。

默认情况下，Hibernate 使用DatasourceConnectionProviderwhichDataSource从 JNDI 获取实例。

要使用自定义DataSource实例，请使用实例并将其InjectedDataSourceConnectionProvider注入DataSource其中。

InjectedDataSourceConnectionProvider上有 TODO 注释

NOTE : setDataSource(javax.sql.DataSource) must be called prior to configure(java.util.Properties).

TODO : could not find where setDataSource is actually called. Can't this just be passed in to configure???

As per the note, call setDataSource() method from configure() method.

public class CustomConnectionProvider extends InjectedDataSourceConnectionProvider {
    @Override
    public void configure(Properties props) throws HibernateException {
        org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource dataSource = new BasicDataSource();
        org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils.populate( dataSource, props );
        setDataSource(dataSource);

        super.configure(props);
    }
}

You can also extend UserSuppliedConnectionProvider.

According to the contract of ConnectionProvider

Implementors should provide a public default constructor.

Hibernate will invoke this constructor if custom ConnectionProvider is set through Configuration instance.

Configuration cfg = new Configuration();
Properties props = new Properties();
props.put( Environment.CONNECTION_PROVIDER, InjectedDataSourceConnectionProvider.class.getName() );
cfg.addProperties(props);

score 4 · Accepted Answer

Luiggi Mendoza's answer is why my search sent me here, but I figure I should give my version because I spent quite some time looking around for how to do this - it sets it up with the Spring in-memory database for testing, a SessionContext and the hbm.xml in case you're not using annotations:

/**
 * Instantiates a H2 embedded database and the Hibernate session.
 */
public abstract class HibernateTestBase {

    private static EmbeddedDatabase dataSource;
    private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    private Session session;

    @BeforeClass
    public static void setupClass() {
        dataSource = new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder().
                setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.H2).
                addScript("file:SQLResources/schema-1.1.sql").
                addScript("file:SQLResources/schema-1.2.sql").
                build();
        Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
        configuration.addResource("hibernate-mappings/Cat.hbm.xml");
        configuration.setProperty("hibernate.dialect",
                "org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect");
        configuration.setProperty("hibernate.show_sql", "true");
        configuration.setProperty("hibernate.current_session_context_class",
                "org.hibernate.context.internal.ThreadLocalSessionContext");
        StandardServiceRegistryBuilder serviceRegistryBuilder =
                new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder();
        serviceRegistryBuilder.applySetting(Environment.DATASOURCE, dataSource);
        serviceRegistryBuilder.applySettings(configuration.getProperties());
        StandardServiceRegistry serviceRegistry =
                serviceRegistryBuilder.build();
        sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
        sessionFactory.openSession();
    }

    @AfterClass
    public static void tearDown() {
        if (sessionFactory != null) {
            sessionFactory.close();
        }
        if (dataSource != null) {
            dataSource.shutdown();
        }
    }

    @Before
    public final void startTransaction() {
        session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
        session.beginTransaction();
    }

    @After
    public final void rollBack() {
        session.flush();
        Transaction transaction = session.getTransaction();
        transaction.rollback();
    }

    public Session getSession() {
        return session;
    }

}

and you'll need these:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
  <version>4.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
  <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
  <version>1.4.184</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

score 2 · Accepted Answer

如果您的数据源以 JNDI 树为界：

configuration.setProperty("hibernate.connection.datasource", "java:comp/env/jdbc/test");

否则，如果您在代码中有一个要使用的 DataSource 对象：

java.sql.Connection conn = datasource.getConnection();
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(conn);

我会推荐第一个，让 Hibernate 根据需要处理连接生命周期。在第二种方法中，请确保在不再需要连接时关闭连接。

score 1 · Accepted Answer

我不认为你可以。Hibernate API 将允许您配置 JDBC 属性以便它可以自己管理连接，或者您可以给它一个 JNDI 数据源位置以便它可以去获取它，但我认为您不能给它一个数据源。

如果您使用 Spring，它会更容易 - 用于LocalSessionFactoryBean配置 Hibernate，并将您的 DataSource 注入其中。Spring 在后台执行必要的魔法。

score 1 · Accepted Answer

如果您使用 Spring 框架，则使用 LocalSessionFactoryBean 将数据源注入 Hibernate SessionFactory。

<beans>
    <bean id="YourClass"
        class="com.YourClass.
        <property name="sessionFactory">
            <ref bean="DbSessionFactory" />
        </property>     
    </bean>


    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName">
            <value>org.postgresql.Driver</value>
        </property>
        <property name="url">
            <value>jdbc:postgresql://localhost/yourdb</value>
        </property>
        <property name="username">
            <value>postgres</value>
        </property>
        <property name="password">
            <value>postgres</value>
        </property>     
    </bean>

    <bean id="DbSessionFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource">
            <ref local="dataSource"/>
        </property>     
        <property name="mappingResources">
            <list>
                <value>conf/hibernate/UserMapping.hbm.xml</value>               
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect </prop>      
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache"> true </prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache">true</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

score 1 · Accepted Answer

If you've implemented a class with javax.sql.DataSource, Hibernate's DataSource can be set by configuring properties.

import javax.sql.DataSource;
public class HibernateDataSource implements DataSource {
    ...
}


import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Environment;
public class MyHibernateCfg {
    public void initialize() {
        HibernateDataSource myDataSource = new HibernateDataSource();
        Configuration cfg = new Configuration();
        // this is how to configure hibernate datasource
        cfg.getProperties().put(Environment.DATASOURCE, myDataSource);
        ...
    }
}


import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Session;
public class TableClass {
    public void initialize() {
        MyHibernateCfg cfg = new MyHibernateCfg();
        Configuration conf = cfg.getCfg();
        ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(conf.getProperties()).build();
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = conf.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
        Session sessionFactory.openSession();
        ...
    }
}

score 0 · Accepted Answer

I used LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean to create EntityManagerFactory instance at the configuration class.

If it is required to set another DataSource, than it is possible to update it with entity manager factory instance at runtime:

@Service("myService")
public class MyService
{
....
    @Autowired
    private LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emf;
....
    public void replaceDataSource(DataSource dataSource)
    {
        emf.setDataSource(dataSource);
        emf.afterPropertiesSet();
    }
....
}

It works with Hibernate 5.2.9 Final.

java - 创建 Hibernate SessionFactory 时如何设置数据源？

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