pdf - 如何将 .pdf 文件转换为 .csv

Question

该文件分为大洲及其国家/地区，我希望大洲作为列标题。我尝试了很多事情，但无法执行该操作。这是pdf文件的链接

Answer 1

如果只是这个文件，那么手动复制和粘贴数据可能是最简单的。

否则，您将需要一个工具将 PDF 转换为文本（有一些可用的在线和离线工具可以做到这一点——这最好取决于您的操作系统和情况）。然后你可能需要编写一些脚本来重新排列文本并创建你想要的 csv。

Answer 2

这里有一些可以帮助你的想法。
我使用包tabulizer“绑定到 Tabula java 库，可用于从 PDF 文档中以计算方式提取表格”（链接）。

library("tabulizer")
continents <- c("Africa","Americas","Asia","Australia/Oceania","Europe")    

f <- "Countries_where_English_is_an_official_language.pdf"
(rawTxt1 <- extract_text(f, page=1, encoding="UTF-8")) 

# Split according to continents   
(rawTxt2 <- strsplit(rawTxt1,"\r\n \r\n")[[1]])

# For trimming leading and trailing whitespace
trim <- function (x) gsub("^\\s+|\\s+$", "", x)

# Organize data in a list 
extrTxt <- vector(length(continents),mode="list")
cnt <- 1
for (k in 1:length(rawTxt2)) {
  rowk <- rawTxt2[k]
  spltxt <- trim(strsplit(rowk,"\r\n")[[1]])
  if (spltxt[1] %in% continents) {
    extrTxt[[cnt]] <- spltxt
    cnt <- cnt +1 
  }
}   
print(extrTxt)

结果如下：

[[1]]
 [1] "Africa"       "Botswana"     "Cameroon"     "Ethiopia"     "Eritrea"      "The Gambia"   "Ghana"        "Kenya"       
 [9] "Lesotho"      "Liberia"      "Malawi"       "Mauritius"    "Namibia"      "Nigeria"      "Rwanda"       "Seychelles"  
[17] "Sierra Leone" "South Africa" "South Sudan"  "Sudan"        "Swaziland"    "Tanzania"     "Uganda"       "Zambia"      
[25] "Zimbabwe"    

[[2]]
 [1] "Americas"                         "Antigua and Barbuda"              "The Bahamas"                     
 [4] "Barbados"                         "Belize"                           "Canada"                          
 [7] "Dominica"                         "Grenada"                          "Guyana"                          
[10] "Jamaica"                          "Saint Kitts and Nevis"            "Saint Lucia"                     
[13] "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" "Trinidad and Tobago"              "United States"                   

[[3]]
[1] "Asia"        "India"       "Pakistan"    "Philippines" "Singapore"  

[[4]]
 [1] "Australia/Oceania"              "Australia"                      "Fiji"                          
 [4] "Kiribati"                       "Marshall Islands"               "Federated States of Micronesia"
 [7] "Nauru"                          "New Zealand"                    "Palau"                         
[10] "Papua New Guinea"               "Samoa"                          "Solomon Islands"               
[13] "Tonga"                          "Tuvalu"                         "Vanuatu"                       

[[5]]
[1] "Europe"         "Ireland"        "Malta"          "United Kingdom"