请注意,它byte
是 8 位类型 (uint8_t),而 unsigned int 是 16 位类型 (uint16_t)。
以下不会产生我期望的结果。我希望它会下溢并且结果始终是 uint8_t,但它会变成有符号的 int (int16_t)!!!!为什么?
特别关注以下代码行:(byte)seconds - tStart
我希望它的输出总是一个无符号的8 位值 (uint8_t),但它输出的是一个有符号的16 位值:int16_t。
如何使减法的结果始终为 uint8_t 类型?
while (true)
{
static byte tStart = 0;
static unsigned int seconds = 0;
seconds++;
//Print output from microcontroller
typeNum((byte)seconds); typeString(", "); typeNum(tStart); typeString(", ");
typeNum((byte)seconds - tStart); typeString("\n");
if ((byte)seconds - tStart >= (byte)15)
{
typeString("TRUE!\n");
tStart = seconds; //update
}
}
样本输出:
第 1 列是(byte)seconds
,第 2 列是tStart
,第 3列是第 1 列减去第 2 列 ( (byte)seconds - tStart
) 请注意,一旦第 1 列从 255 溢出到 0,第 3 列变为负数 (int8_t)。我希望(并希望)它保持正数(无符号) 8 位值改为下溢。
196, 195, 1
197, 195, 2
198, 195, 3
199, 195, 4
200, 195, 5
201, 195, 6
202, 195, 7
203, 195, 8
204, 195, 9
205, 195, 10
206, 195, 11
207, 195, 12
208, 195, 13
209, 195, 14
210, 195, 15
TRUE!
211, 210, 1
212, 210, 2
213, 210, 3
214, 210, 4
215, 210, 5
216, 210, 6
217, 210, 7
218, 210, 8
219, 210, 9
220, 210, 10
221, 210, 11
222, 210, 12
223, 210, 13
224, 210, 14
225, 210, 15
TRUE!
226, 225, 1
227, 225, 2
228, 225, 3
229, 225, 4
230, 225, 5
231, 225, 6
232, 225, 7
233, 225, 8
234, 225, 9
235, 225, 10
236, 225, 11
237, 225, 12
238, 225, 13
239, 225, 14
240, 225, 15
TRUE!
241, 240, 1
242, 240, 2
243, 240, 3
244, 240, 4
245, 240, 5
246, 240, 6
247, 240, 7
248, 240, 8
249, 240, 9
250, 240, 10
251, 240, 11
252, 240, 12
253, 240, 13
254, 240, 14
255, 240, 15
TRUE!
0, 255, -255
1, 255, -254
2, 255, -253
3, 255, -252
4, 255, -251
5, 255, -250
6, 255, -249
7, 255, -248
8, 255, -247
9, 255, -246
10, 255, -245
11, 255, -244
12, 255, -243
13, 255, -242
14, 255, -241
15, 255, -240
16, 255, -239
17, 255, -238
18, 255, -237
19, 255, -236
20, 255, -235
21, 255, -234
22, 255, -233
23, 255, -232
24, 255, -231
25, 255, -230
26, 255, -229
27, 255, -228
28, 255, -227
29, 255, -226
30, 255, -225
31, 255, -224
32, 255, -223
33, 255, -222
34, 255, -221
35, 255, -220
这是typeNum
上面的函数:
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//typeNum (overloaded)
//-see AVRLibC int to string functions: http://www.nongnu.org/avr-libc/user-manual/group__avr__stdlib.html
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//UNSIGNED:
void typeNum(uint8_t myNum)
{
char buffer[4]; //3 for the number (up to 2^8 - 1, or 255 max), plus 1 char for the null terminator
utoa(myNum, buffer, 10); //base 10 number system
typeString(buffer);
}
void typeNum(uint16_t myNum)
{
char buffer[6]; //5 for the number (up to 2^16 - 1, or 65535 max), plus 1 char for the null terminator
utoa(myNum, buffer, 10); //base 10 number system
typeString(buffer);
}
void typeNum(uint32_t myNum)
{
char buffer[11]; //10 chars for the number (up to 2^32 - 1, or 4294967295 max), plus 1 char for the null terminator
ultoa(myNum, buffer, 10); //base 10 number system
typeString(buffer);
}
//SIGNED:
void typeNum(int8_t myNum)
{
char buffer[5]; //4 for the number (down to -128), plus 1 char for the null terminator
itoa(myNum, buffer, 10); //base 10 number system
typeString(buffer);
}
void typeNum(int16_t myNum)
{
char buffer[7]; //6 for the number (down to -32768), plus 1 char for the null terminator
itoa(myNum, buffer, 10); //base 10 number system
typeString(buffer);
}
void typeNum(int32_t myNum)
{
char buffer[12]; //11 chars for the number (down to -2147483648), plus 1 char for the null terminator
ltoa(myNum, buffer, 10); //base 10 number system
typeString(buffer);
}