我对 Matplotlib 相当陌生。这个图背后的想法是绘制温度的高点和低点。我在 xaxis 和 right yaxis 上遇到了麻烦。
对于 xaxis，字体的颜色不想改变，即使我调用tick_params(labelcolor='#b6b6b6'). 此外，日期应该只跨越一月 - 十二月。由于未知原因，Matplotlib 会附加一个额外的十二月并附加一个额外的一月，导致文本在图形的脊椎边界之外流动。我想删除这些额外的月份。
对于正确的 yaxis，我不确定我是否正确理解子图的使用。我想将左侧 y 轴中的 ˚C 温度转换为 ˚F，并将转换后的温度用于辅助 y 轴。
这是一些代码来重现类似于我所拥有的东西。
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.dates as dates
import matplotlib.ticker as ticker
# generate some data to plot
highs = np.linspace(0, 40, 365) # these numbers will escalate instead of fluctuate, but the problem with the axes will still be the same.
lows = np.linspace(-40, 0, 365)
date_rng = pd.date_range('1/1/2015', '12/31/2015', freq='D')
data = {'highs': highs, 'lows': lows}
to_plot = pd.DataFrame(data, index=date_rng)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
# plot the basic data
lines = ax.plot(date_rng, to_plot['lows'], '-',
date_rng, to_plot['highs'], '-')
# get the axes reference
ax1 = plt.gca()
# fill in between the lines
ax1.fill_between(date_rng,
to_plot['lows'], to_plot['highs'],
facecolor='#b6b6b6', # gradient fillbetween
alpha=.2)
# set the xaxis to only 12 months and space the names.
ax1.xaxis.set_major_locator(dates.MonthLocator())
ax1.xaxis.set_minor_locator(dates.MonthLocator(bymonthday=15, interval=1))
ax1.xaxis.set_major_formatter(ticker.NullFormatter())
ax1.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(dates.DateFormatter('%b'))
for tick in ax1.xaxis.get_minor_ticks():
tick.tick1line.set_markersize(0)
tick.tick2line.set_markersize(0)
tick.label1.set_horizontalalignment('center')
# add a right y axis and set all yaxis properties
ax1.set_ylim([-50, 50])
# change the color and sizes scheme
info_colors = '#b6b6b6'
bold_colors = '#777777'
# graph lines
ax1.lines[0].set_color('#e93c00') # top redish orange
ax1.lines[1].set_color('#009ae9') # btm blue
plt.setp(lines, lw=.8, alpha=1)
# spines
ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
for pos in ['bottom', 'right', 'left']:
ax.spines[pos].set_edgecolor(info_colors)
# set the title
plt.title('Record Temps, 2005-15: Ann Arbour, MI', fontsize=10, color=bold_colors)
# ticks
ax1.tick_params(axis='both', color=info_colors, labelcolor=info_colors, length=5, direction='out', pad=7, labelsize=8)
# add a legend and edit its properties
leg = plt.legend(['Highs','Lows'], frameon=False, loc=0, fontsize='small')
for text in leg.get_texts():
text.set_color(info_colors)
plt.ylabel('˚C', color=info_colors)
# set extra yaxis label
ax2 = ax.twinx()
ax2.set_ylabel('˚F', color=info_colors)
ax2.tick_params('y', colors=info_colors)
