I used to use perl -c programfile to check the syntax of a Perl program and then exit without executing it. Is there an equivalent way to do this for a Python script?
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9 回答
678
您可以通过编译来检查语法：
python -m py_compile script.py
于 2011-12-08T20:57:16.520 回答
25
import sys
filename = sys.argv[1]
source = open(filename, 'r').read() + '\n'
compile(source, filename, 'exec')
将其保存为 checker.py 并运行python checker.py yourpyfile.py。
于 2010-11-26T10:39:11.263 回答
20
这是另一个解决方案，使用该ast模块：
python -c "import ast; ast.parse(open('programfile').read())"
要从 Python 脚本中干净利落地执行此操作：
import ast, traceback
filename = 'programfile'
with open(filename) as f:
source = f.read()
valid = True
try:
ast.parse(source)
except SyntaxError:
valid = False
traceback.print_exc() # Remove to silence any errros
print(valid)
于 2019-08-15T11:15:56.190 回答
10
Pyflakes 做你所要求的，它只是检查语法。从文档：
Pyflakes 做了一个简单的承诺：它永远不会抱怨风格，并且会非常非常努力地从不发出误报。
Pyflakes 也比 Pylint 或 Pychecker 更快。这主要是因为 Pyflakes 只单独检查每个文件的语法树。
安装和使用：
$ pip install pyflakes
$ pyflakes yourPyFile.py
于 2020-01-08T19:52:34.723 回答
9
python -m compileall -q .
将递归编译当前目录下的所有内容，并仅打印错误。
$ python -m compileall --help
usage: compileall.py [-h] [-l] [-r RECURSION] [-f] [-q] [-b] [-d DESTDIR] [-x REGEXP] [-i FILE] [-j WORKERS] [--invalidation-mode {checked-hash,timestamp,unchecked-hash}] [FILE|DIR [FILE|DIR ...]]
Utilities to support installing Python libraries.
positional arguments:
FILE|DIR zero or more file and directory names to compile; if no arguments given, defaults to the equivalent of -l sys.path
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-l don't recurse into subdirectories
-r RECURSION control the maximum recursion level. if `-l` and `-r` options are specified, then `-r` takes precedence.
-f force rebuild even if timestamps are up to date
-q output only error messages; -qq will suppress the error messages as well.
-b use legacy (pre-PEP3147) compiled file locations
-d DESTDIR directory to prepend to file paths for use in compile-time tracebacks and in runtime tracebacks in cases where the source file is unavailable
-x REGEXP skip files matching the regular expression; the regexp is searched for in the full path of each file considered for compilation
-i FILE add all the files and directories listed in FILE to the list considered for compilation; if "-", names are read from stdin
-j WORKERS, --workers WORKERS
Run compileall concurrently
--invalidation-mode {checked-hash,timestamp,unchecked-hash}
set .pyc invalidation mode; defaults to "checked-hash" if the SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH environment variable is set, and "timestamp" otherwise.
发现语法错误时退出值为 1。
谢谢 C2H5OH。
于 2021-04-19T08:25:02.560 回答
2
也许有用的在线检查器 PEP8：http ://pep8online.com/
于 2015-09-10T09:22:19.443 回答
0
出于某种原因（我是一个 py 新手......） -m 调用不起作用......
所以这是一个 bash 包装函数 ...
# ---------------------------------------------------------
# check the python synax for all the *.py files under the
# <<product_version_dir/sfw/python
# ---------------------------------------------------------
doCheckPythonSyntax(){
doLog "DEBUG START doCheckPythonSyntax"
test -z "$sleep_interval" || sleep "$sleep_interval"
cd $product_version_dir/sfw/python
# python3 -m compileall "$product_version_dir/sfw/python"
# foreach *.py file ...
while read -r f ; do \
py_name_ext=$(basename $f)
py_name=${py_name_ext%.*}
doLog "python3 -c \"import $py_name\""
# doLog "python3 -m py_compile $f"
python3 -c "import $py_name"
# python3 -m py_compile "$f"
test $! -ne 0 && sleep 5
done < <(find "$product_version_dir/sfw/python" -type f -name "*.py")
doLog "DEBUG STOP doCheckPythonSyntax"
}
# eof func doCheckPythonSyntax
于 2016-12-27T11:04:30.813 回答
0
感谢以上答案@Rosh Oxymoron。我改进了脚本以扫描目录中所有 python 文件的文件。所以对于我们这些懒惰的人来说，只要给它一个目录，它就会扫描那个目录中所有的 python 文件。
import sys
import glob, os
os.chdir(sys.argv[1])
for file in glob.glob("*.py"):
source = open(file, 'r').read() + '\n'
compile(source, file, 'exec')
Save this as checker.py and run python checker.py ~/YOURDirectoryTOCHECK
于 2020-09-10T20:19:38.207 回答