要进行 google 搜索,有许多模块,例如google或Google-Search-API。但是如果你想做很多搜索并且有很多请求,谷歌会阻止你,你会得到错误 503。之前可以选择使用其他 API,但像 Bing 和 Yahoo,但它们都不再是免费的了。唯一可以进行互联网搜索的免费 API 是FAROO API。但是仍然有一种选择可以使用selenium webdriver进行谷歌搜索。Selenium 用于模拟浏览器的使用,它可以选择使用 Firefox、Chrome、Edge 或 Safari 网络驱动程序(它实际上会打开 Chrome 并进行搜索),但这很烦人,因为您实际上并不想看到浏览器。但是你可以使用这个解决方案幻影JS。从这里下载。提取出来看看下面的例子如何使用(我写了一个简单的类,你可以使用,你只需要改变PhantomJS的路径):
import time
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
from selenium import webdriver
class Browser:
def __init__(self, path, initiate=True, implicit_wait_time = 10, explicit_wait_time = 2):
self.path = path
self.implicit_wait_time = implicit_wait_time # http://www.aptuz.com/blog/selenium-implicit-vs-explicit-waits/
self.explicit_wait_time = explicit_wait_time # http://www.aptuz.com/blog/selenium-implicit-vs-explicit-waits/
if initiate:
self.start()
return
def start(self):
self.driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(path)
self.driver.implicitly_wait(self.implicit_wait_time)
return
def end(self):
self.driver.quit()
return
def go_to_url(self, url, wait_time = None):
if wait_time is None:
wait_time = self.explicit_wait_time
self.driver.get(url)
print('[*] Fetching results from: {}'.format(url))
time.sleep(wait_time)
return
def get_search_url(self, query, page_num=0, per_page=10, lang='en'):
query = quote_plus(query)
url = 'https://www.google.hr/search?q={}&num={}&start={}&nl={}'.format(query, per_page, page_num*per_page, lang)
return url
def scrape(self):
#xpath migth change in future
links = self.driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//h3[@class='r']/a[@href]") # searches for all links insede h3 tags with class "r"
results = []
for link in links:
d = {'url': link.get_attribute('href'),
'title': link.text}
results.append(d)
return results
def search(self, query, page_num=0, per_page=10, lang='en', wait_time = None):
if wait_time is None:
wait_time = self.explicit_wait_time
url = self.get_search_url(query, page_num, per_page, lang)
self.go_to_url(url, wait_time)
results = self.scrape()
return results
path = '<YOUR PATH TO PHANTOMJS>/phantomjs-2.1.1-windows/bin/phantomjs.exe' ## SET YOU PATH TO phantomjs
br = Browser(path)
results = br.search('Python')
for r in results:
print(r)
br.end()