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我有一个奇怪的情况，恢复最近创建的 Oracle RMAN 备份有时有效，有时无效。

我们使用 Oracle 12c。数据库在 noarchivelog 模式下运行。

全文：我们有一个大型 CI 设置，其中一个节点可以选择一个工作，从 repo 构建自己并运行测试。对于某些测试，需要构建数据库。为了加快测试速度，我们

  • 首先尝试从备份中恢复数据库。
  • 如果失败，我们将删除数据库，重建 shell 和数据。重新创建备份，然后开始测试。

当然，这个想法是大部分时间恢复都会起作用，实际上恢复工作大约有 40% 的时间，而在其他时候它会失败并重建数据库。这种情况与单个节点之间似乎没有任何关联，它工作一次然后就不起作用。

我们使用以下脚本进行备份

rman target=/ << EOF
RUN {
    CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;
    SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
    STARTUP MOUNT;
    BACKUP DATABASE;
}
EXIT;
EOF

以及以下恢复

rman target=/ << EOF
RUN {
    SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
    STARTUP MOUNT;
    RESTORE DATABASE;
    RECOVER DATABASE;
    ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
}
EXIT;
EOF

当事情变得糟糕时，它会发生在 RECOVER 步骤中。

错误并不总是相同的。下面是我看到的一些

这个好像是最近最频繁的

04:23:10 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
04:23:10 Finished restore at 06-02-2017 04:23:10
04:23:10 
04:23:10 Starting recover at 06-02-2017 04:23:10
04:23:10 using channel ORA_DISK_1
04:23:11 
04:23:11 starting media recovery
04:23:11 
04:23:11 archived log for thread 1 with sequence 52 is already on disk as file /oracle/oradata/DB1/redoDB11.log
04:23:11 archived log for thread 1 with sequence 53 is already on disk as file /oracle/oradata/DB1/redoDB12.log
04:23:11 archived log for thread 1 with sequence 54 is already on disk as file /oracle/oradata/DB1/redoDB13.log
04:23:11 RMAN-08187: WARNING: media recovery until SCN 1662458 complete
04:23:11 Finished recover at 06-02-2017 04:23:11
04:23:11 
04:23:15 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
04:23:15 RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
04:23:15 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
04:23:15 RMAN-03002: failure of sql statement command at 02/06/2017 04:23:14
04:23:15 ORA-01147: SYSTEM tablespace file 1 is offline
04:23:15 ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/oradata/DB1/DB1_system.dbf'
04:23:15 
04:23:15 RMAN> 
04:23:15 
04:23:15 Recovery Manager complete.

另一个错误

09:49:17 Finished restore at 27-01-2017 09:49:14
09:49:17 
09:49:17 Starting recover at 27-01-2017 09:49:14
09:49:17 using channel ORA_DISK_1
09:49:17 
09:49:17 starting media recovery
09:49:17 
09:49:17 archived log for thread 1 with sequence 52 is already on disk as file /oracle/oradata/DB1/redoDB11.log
09:49:17 archived log for thread 1 with sequence 53 is already on disk as file /oracle/oradata/DB1/redoDB12.log
09:49:17 archived log for thread 1 with sequence 54 is already on disk as file /oracle/oradata/DB1/redoDB13.log
09:49:17 RMAN-08187: WARNING: media recovery until SCN 1755105 complete
09:49:17 Finished recover at 27-01-2017 09:49:15
09:49:17 
09:49:17 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
09:49:17 RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
09:49:17 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
09:49:17 RMAN-03002: failure of sql statement command at 01/27/2017 09:49:16
09:49:17 ORA-01147: SYSTEM tablespace file 1 is offline
09:49:17 ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/oradata/DB1/DB1_system.dbf'
09:49:17 
09:49:17 RMAN>

还有一个

11:17:55 starting media recovery
11:17:55 media recovery failed
11:17:55 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
11:17:55 RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
11:17:55 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
11:17:55 RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 01/27/2017 11:17:55
11:17:55 ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
11:17:55 RMAN-11003: failure during parse/execution of SQL statement: alter database recover if needed
11:17:55  start until cancel
11:17:55 ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
11:17:55 ORA-16433: The database or pluggable database must be opened in read/write mode.
11:17:55 
11:17:55 RMAN>

还有一个与上述三个不同的，这个在 RESTORE 上失败

09:14:11 Starting restore at 06-02-2017 09:14:11
09:14:11 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
09:14:11 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=12 device type=DISK
09:14:12 
09:14:12 creating datafile file number=1 name=/oracle/oradata/DB1/DB1_system.dbf
09:14:12 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
09:14:12 RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
09:14:12 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
09:14:12 RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 02/06/2017 09:14:12
09:14:12 ORA-01180: can not create datafile 1
09:14:12 ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/oradata/DB1/DB1_system.dbf'
09:14:12 
09:14:12 RMAN>

任何帮助将非常感激。谢谢！

4

1 回答 1

1

为了理解为什么会出现错误，重要的是要了解脚本中每一部分的含义：

RESTORE DATABASE;
RECOVER DATABASE;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;

RESTORE DATABASE;将备份集中的数据文件复制回您的数据库位置。如果在进行备份时数据库已关闭且一致（干净关闭），则您的备份是一致的。

RECOVER DATABASE;首先尝试通过应用备份归档重做日志、归档重做日志和/或重做日志来使备份保持一致。然后，它将尝试从备份时间点向前滚动您的数据库，直到最近的重做日志。由于您在 NOARCHIVELOG 模式下运行，因此此步骤只会产生您所看到的错误。

ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;使您的数据库联机。 RESETLOGS清除重做日志，并且在不完全恢复后需要它（如果数据库无法前滚并应用备份归档日志、归档日志和重做日志中的所有重做）。

考虑到这一点，您的脚本应如下所示：

RUN {
    SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
    STARTUP MOUNT;
    RESTORE DATABASE;
    ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
}

附带说明一下，您还应该从 RMAN 配置 spfile+controlfile 自动备份。每当您备份数据库时，都会自动进行此备份。

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F';

正如 JSapkoka 所说，您还应该首先恢复 spfile 和 controlfile，完整的恢复脚本如下所示：

RUN {
    SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
    STARTUP NOMOUNT;
    SET CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 'autobackup_format';
    RESTORE SPFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP;
    SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
    STARTUP NOMOUNT;
    RESTORE CONTROLFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP;
    ALTER DATABASE MOUNT;
    RESTORE DATABASE;
    ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
}
于 2017-02-06T17:32:14.420 回答