问候。
我有两个类,“数据库”和“组”。我希望能够创建“组”实例并从“数据库”中调用这些实例的方法,并能够公开分发“组”实例引用。但是,我不想提供对“组”中的构造函数或其他方法的公共访问。
我最初认为我可以通过将“Group”设置为“Database”的私有内部类来实现此访问限制,但我发现如果它是私有的,我无法公开分发对“Group”的引用。此外,我尝试将“Group”作为公共内部类失败了,因为如果它的方法都是私有的,“Database”就无法访问它们,而如果它们是公共的,则可以在“Database”之外访问。
我正在寻找解决或规避此问题的最佳实践技术。也许我错过了某个地方的必要关键字?到目前为止,我在研究中没有发现任何东西表明 C# 允许这种控制粒度。正如我在下面的代码中提供的那样,我找到了一种解决问题的混乱方法。它的本质是:在“数据库”中每次调用“组”中的方法之前,在“数据库”中设置一个公开可读但只能私下设置的字段,“组”的方法都检查它们创建的“实例”数据库”在执行其预期操作之前。读取字段时(通过“数据库”中的公共方法),该字段被重置,防止对“组”进行任何进一步的方法调用,直到“数据库”再次设置该字段。
public class Database {
// Field; true if Database has just authorized a method call to a %Group.
private bool group_isNextCallAuthorized = false;
// Invoked before every method call to a %Group.
private void Group_AuthorizeNextCall() {
group_isNextCallAuthorized = true;
}
// Method, ordinarily called from %Group, that checks its creating %Database
// that the %Database itself authorized the method call on the %Group. It
// automatically resets the authorization to false to prepare for the next,
// perhaps unauthorized, method call.
public bool Group_IsNextCallAuthorized() {
bool previousValue = group_isNextCallAuthorized;
group_isNextCallAuthorized = false;
return previousValue;
}
// Constructor; creates a demo %Group.
public Database() {
// Create a %Group, first authorizing the action.
Group_AuthorizeNextCall();
Group group = Group.Create(this);
// Call some method on the group
Group_AuthorizeNextCall();
group.SomeGroupMethod();
}
}
public class Group {
// Field; refers to the %Database that created this %Group instance.
private Database db;
// Generates an instance of %Group, requiring the creating %Database as an
// argument. After checking that the %Database %db isn't null, it verifies
// that %db actually requests and authorized this %Group's creation via the
// %Group_IsNextCallAuthorized(.) method provided by %Database.
public static Group Create(Database db) {
// It will not create a dud instance of %Group; it will throw an exception
// instead.
if ((db == null) || !db.Group_IsNextCallAuthorized())
throw new System.Exception("Unauthorized access.");
return new Group(db);
}
// This constructor is referenced internally by static %Create(.) as above.
private Group(Database db) {
this.db = db;
}
// This is an arbitrary method showing that it must check that the %Database
// that created this %Group authorized this method call before it will
// perform its intended function.
public void SomeGroupMethod() {
if (!db.Group_IsNextCallAuthorized())
throw new System.Exception("Unauthorized access.");
// intended functionality...
}
}