python - 使用 Python 解析和分组字符串中的文本

Question

我需要解析一系列由 3 个部分组成的短字符串：一个问题和 2 个可能的答案。该字符串将遵循一致的格式：

这是问题“answer_option_1 在引号中”“answer_option_2 在引号中”

我需要确定问题部分以及单引号或双引号中的两个可能的答案选择。

例：今天的天空是什么颜色的？“蓝色”或“灰色”
谁将赢得比赛“密歇根”“俄亥俄州”

我如何在python中做到这一点？

Answer 1

>>> import re
>>> s = "Who will win the game 'Michigan' 'Ohio State'"
>>> re.match(r'(.+)\s+([\'"])(.+?)\2\s+([\'"])(.+?)\4', s).groups()
('Who will win the game', "'", 'Michigan', "'", 'Ohio State')

Answer 2

如果您的格式像您所说的那样简单（即不像您的示例中那样），则不需要正则表达式。就split这行：

>>> line = 'What color is the sky today? "blue" "grey"'.strip('"')
>>> questions, answers = line.split('"', 1)
>>> answer1, answer2 = answers.split('" "')
>>> questions
'What color is the sky today? '
>>> answer1
'blue'
>>> answer2
'grey'

Answer 3

Pyparsing 将为您提供一个解决方案，该解决方案将适应输入文本中的一些可变性：

questions = """\
What color is the sky today? "blue" or "grey"
Who will win the game 'Michigan' 'Ohio State'""".splitlines()

from pyparsing import *

quotedString.setParseAction(removeQuotes)
q_and_a = SkipTo(quotedString)("Q") + delimitedList(quotedString, Optional("or"))("A")

for qn in questions:
    print qn
    qa = q_and_a.parseString(qn)
    print "qa.Q", qa.Q
    print "qa.A", qa.A
    print

将打印：

What color is the sky today? "blue" or "grey"
qa.Q What color is the sky today? 
qa.A ['blue', 'grey']

Who will win the game 'Michigan' 'Ohio State'
qa.Q Who will win the game 
qa.A ['Michigan', 'Ohio State']

Answer 4

一种可能性是您可以使用正则表达式。

import re
robj = re.compile(r'^(.*) [\"\'](.*)[\"\'].*[\"\'](.*)[\"\']')
str1 = "Who will win the game 'Michigan' 'Ohio State'"
r1 = robj.match(str1)
print r1.groups()
str2 = 'What color is the sky today? "blue" or "grey"'
r2 = robj.match(str2)
r2.groups()

输出：

('Who will win the game', 'Michigan', 'Ohio State')
('What color is the sky today?', 'blue', 'grey')