Docker默认支持 3 个网络:
1) 无:
此模式不会为容器配置任何 IP,也无法访问外部网络以及其他容器。它确实具有环回地址,可用于运行批处理作业。
# docker run -it --network=none ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash
root@66308c6686be:/# ifconfig
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
#
# docker inspect 66308c6686be | grep -i ipaddr
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"IPAddress": "",
"IPAddress": "",
2) 主机
在这种模式下,容器将共享主机的网络堆栈,并且主机的所有接口都对容器可用。容器的主机名将与主机系统上的主机名匹配
# docker run -it --net=host ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash
root@labadmin-VirtualBox:/# hostname
labadmin-VirtualBox
甚至 IP 配置与主机系统的 IP 配置相同
root@labadmin-VirtualBox:/# ip addr | grep -A 2 eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:b5:82:2f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: lxcbr0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default
root@labadmin-VirtualBox:/# exit
exit
HOST SYSTEM IP CONFIGURATION
# ip addr | grep -A 2 eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:b5:82:2f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: lxcbr0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default
在主机和无模式下不直接配置,但可以配置默认桥接网络以及创建您自己的用户定义的桥接网络。
3) 桥接模式
这是Docker 默认的网络模式,它将启用与主机的其他接口以及容器之间的连接。
# docker run -it --network=bridge ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash
root@58b0b1f18b2e:/# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:ac:11:00:0c
inet addr:172.17.0.12 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:2668 (2.6 KB) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
在桥接模式下可以访问其他容器。
root@58b0b1f18b2e:/# ping 172.17.0.11
PING 172.17.0.11 (172.17.0.11) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.17.0.11: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.143 ms
64 bytes from 172.17.0.11: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.050 ms
与外部网络的连接。
root@58b0b1f18b2e:/# ping google.com
PING google.com (216.58.197.46) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from maa03s20-in-f46.1e100.net (216.58.197.46): icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=16.9 ms
与主机的连接
root@labadmin-VirtualBox:~# ip a | grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
inet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global eth0
root@58b0b1f18b2e:/# ping 10.0.2.15
PING 10.0.2.15 (10.0.2.15) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.2.15: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.113 ms
除了这些 docker 还提供MACVLAN网络,允许在单个物理接口上配置多个第 2 层(MAC)地址。