9

我需要从几个表中创建一个视图。视图中的一列必须由其中一个表中的许多行组成，作为具有逗号分隔值的字符串。

这是我想做的一个简化示例。

Customers:
CustomerId int
CustomerName VARCHAR(100)

Orders:
CustomerId int
OrderName VARCHAR(100)

客户和订单之间存在一对多的关系。所以鉴于这些数据

Customers
1 'John'
2 'Marry'

Orders
1 'New Hat'
1 'New Book'
1 'New Phone'

我想要一个像这样的视图：

Name     Orders
'John'   New Hat, New Book, New Phone
'Marry'  NULL

这样每个人都会出现在表格中，无论他们是否有订单。

我有一个存储过程，需要将其转换为该视图，但您似乎无法在视图中声明参数并调用存储过程。有关如何将此查询纳入视图的任何建议？

CREATE PROCEDURE getCustomerOrders(@customerId int)
AS
   DECLARE @CustomerName varchar(100)
   DECLARE @Orders varchar (5000)

   SELECT @Orders=COALESCE(@Orders,'') + COALESCE(OrderName,'') + ',' 
   FROM Orders WHERE CustomerId=@customerId

   -- this has to be done separately in case orders returns NULL, so no customers are excluded
   SELECT @CustomerName=CustomerName FROM Customers WHERE CustomerId=@customerId

   SELECT @CustomerName as CustomerName, @Orders as Orders
4

2 回答 2

9

编辑：修改答案以包括创建视图。

/* Set up sample data */
create table Customers (
    CustomerId int,
    CustomerName VARCHAR(100)
)

create table Orders (
    CustomerId int,
    OrderName VARCHAR(100)
)

insert into Customers
    (CustomerId, CustomerName)
    select 1, 'John' union all
    select 2, 'Marry'

insert into Orders
    (CustomerId, OrderName)
    select 1, 'New Hat' union all
    select 1, 'New Book' union all
    select 1, 'New Phone'
go

/* Create the view */       
create view OrderView as    
    select c.CustomerName, x.OrderNames
        from Customers c
            cross apply (select stuff((select ',' + OrderName from Orders o where o.CustomerId = c.CustomerId for xml path('')),1,1,'') as OrderNames) x
go

/* Demo the view */
select * from OrderView
go 

/* Clean up after demo */
drop view OrderView
drop table Customers
drop table Orders
go
于 2010-11-02T20:49:01.313 回答
6

在 SQL Server 2008 中，您可以利用为 XML 添加的一些功能在一个查询中完成所有这些操作，而无需使用存储过程：

 SELECT CustomerName,
    STUFF( -- "STUFF" deletes the leading ', '
        ( SELECT ', ' + OrderName
        FROM Orders
        WHERE CustomerId = Customers.CutomerId
        -- This causes the sub-select to be returned as a concatenated string
        FOR XML PATH('') 
        ),
    1, 2, '' )
    AS Orders
 FROM Customers
于 2010-11-02T20:49:40.243 回答