我已经为餐饮哲学家的问题实现了资源层次结构解决方案。当我尝试比较两个筷子的 n 值时,它们最终陷入僵局。但是,如果我使用他们的 hashCodes 而不是 n 值,它运行顺利。为什么会有这种差异?他们不是在一天结束时都是数字吗?
import java.util.Random;
class Chopstick {
public final int n;
public Chopstick(int n) {
this.n = n;
}
}
class Philosopher extends Thread {
private Chopstick left, right;
private Random random;
private final int n;
public Philosopher(int n, Chopstick left, Chopstick right) {
this.n = n;
if (left.n > right.n) { // no deadlock if I replace this with left.hashCode() > right.hashCode()
this.right = left;
this.left = right;
} else {
this.left = left;
this.right = right;
}
this.random = new Random();
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
while (true) {
Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10)); // Think
synchronized(left) {
synchronized(right) {
System.out.println("P " + n + " eating");
Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10));
}
}
}
} catch(InterruptedException ie) {
ie.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
final int n = 3;
Chopstick[] sticks = new Chopstick[n];
Philosopher[] ps = new Philosopher[n];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
sticks[i] = new Chopstick(n);
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
ps[i] = new Philosopher(i, sticks[i], sticks[(i + 1) % n]);
ps[i].start();
}
}
}