c++ - 关于具有多个类和标头的运输程序中的继承、隐私和对象的 C++ 问题

Question

我的程序应该打印来自 EndPoint toString 方法的“to”和“from”地址，但我不太清楚如何实现它。这是我的代码。如何在 Package::Package 构造函数中获取 toString 方法来打印 EndPoint 的 toString 方法的内容？

// ShippingProgram.cpp :
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iomanip>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include "Package.h" // Package class definition
using namespace std;

// constructor 

EndPoint::EndPoint(const string& nameInfo, const string& addressInfo, const string& cityInfo, const string& stateInfo, int zipInfo) {
    name = nameInfo;
    address = addressInfo;
    city = cityInfo;
    state = stateInfo;
    zip = zipInfo;
}


string EndPoint::toString() const {
    ostringstream output;
    output << fixed << setprecision(2); // two digits of precision   
    output << name << "\n" << address << "\n" <<
        city << ", " << state << " " << zip;
    return output.str();
}


Package::Package(EndPoint senderInfo, EndPoint receiverInfo, double weightInfo, double costPerOzInfo) {

    weight = weightInfo; // should validate                     
    costPerOz = costPerOzInfo;
}


void Package::calculateCost(double)
{
}

double Package::calculateCost() const {
    return weight * costPerOz;
}


string Package::toString() const {
    ostringstream output;
    output << fixed << setprecision(2); // two digits of precision   
    output << "\nFrom:\n" << senderInfo.toString() << "\n\nTo:\n" <<    receiver << 
        "\n\nWeight: " << weight << endl <<
        "\nShipping cost:\n" << calculateCost();
    return output.str();
}

主要方法：

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include "stdafx.h"
//#include "TwoDayPackage.h"
//#include "OvernightPackage.h"
#include "Package.h"
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    // Three address records.

    EndPoint homer{ "Homer Simpson", "742 Evergreen Terrace", "Springfield",
        "FL", 32401 };

    EndPoint donald{ "Donald Duck", "1313 Webfoot Walk", "Duckburg",
        "CA", 95501};

    EndPoint kermit{ "Kermit Frog", "On the Swamp", "Leland", "MS", 38756 };

    // This calls the base class constructor (regular fee).

    Package regular{ homer, donald, 25.0, 0.20 };

    // Defines output precision for floating point numbers (iomanip).

//  cout << fixed << setprecision(2);

    // Prints package parameters.

    cout << "Regular package processed." << endl;
    cout << regular.toString();
    cout << "Shipping Cost: $" << regular.calculateCost() << endl << endl;
    cout << homer.toString(); 
    // First derived class (two-day fee added).

    /* TwoDayPackage twoday{ donald, kermit, 17.5, 0.20, 2.0 };

    cout << "Two-day package processed." << endl;
    cout << twoday.toString();
    cout << "Shipping Cost: $" << twoday.calculateCost() << endl << endl;

    // Second derived class (overnight fee added).

    OvernightPackage overnight{ kermit, homer, 14.2, 0.20, 0.50 };

    cout << "Overnight package processed." << endl;
    cout << overnight.toString();
    cout << "Shipping Cost: $" << overnight.calculateCost() << endl << endl;
    */
    }

这个项目要求我创建一个带有继承的运输程序。它必须包括一个私有的“EndPoint”类，它包含发送者和接收者信息，以及一个编译所有内容并将其放入字符串的“Package”类。

我的错误在于我如何让我的 Package 构造函数能够包含来自我的 EndPoint 类的信息。由于 main 方法在 Package 类必须位于的位置（EndPoint、EndPoint、Weight、Cost）被格式化，但它不会像那样编译。我想我只是不明白如何将 EndPoint 信息发送到 Package 对象。

这是我的错误：

没有构造函数实例"Package::Package" matches the argument list argument types are: (EndPoint, EndPoint, double, double)
Error C2440 'initializing': cannot convert from 'initializer list' to 'Package'
Error C3861 'setprecision': identifier not found

包.h

#pragma once
#ifndef PACKAGE_H
#define PACKAGE_H    
#include <string>   
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class EndPoint {
public:
    EndPoint(const std::string&, const std::string&, const std::string&, const std::string&, int = 0.0);

    void setName(const std::string&);
    std::string getName() const;

    void setAddress(const std::string&);
    std::string getAddresss() const;

    void setCity(const std::string&);
    std::string getCity() const;

    void setState(const std::string&);
    std::string getState() const;

    void setZip(int);
    int getZip() const;

    string toString() const;
protected:
    std::string name;
    std::string address;
    std::string city;
    std::string state;

    int zip;
};
class Package {
public:
    string toString() const;
    Package(const std::string&, const std::string&, double = 0.0, double = 0.0);

    void setSender(const std::string&);
    std::string getSender() const;

    void setReceiver(const std::string&);
    std::string getReceiver() const;

    void setWeight(double);
    double getWeight() const;

    void setCostPerOz(double);
    double getCostPerOz() const;

    void calculateCost(double);
    double calculateCost() const;

    double calculateCost(double weight, double costPerOz)
    {
        double shipping;
        shipping = weight * costPerOz;

        cout << "The Base Cost = " << shipping << endl << endl;
        return shipping;
    }



protected:
    std::string sender;
    std::string receiver;
    double weight; // gross weekly sales
    double costPerOz; // commission percentage
};

#endif

包.cpp

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iomanip>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <sstream>
#include "Package.h" // Package class definition
using namespace std;

// constructor 

EndPoint::EndPoint(const string& nameInfo, const string& addressInfo, const string& cityInfo, const string& stateInfo, int zipInfo) {
    name = nameInfo;
    address = addressInfo;
    city = cityInfo;
    state = stateInfo;
    zip = zipInfo;
}

void EndPoint::setName(const string& nameInfo) {
    name = nameInfo;
}

string EndPoint::getName() const { return name; }

void EndPoint::setAddress(const string& addressInfo) {
    address = addressInfo;
}

string EndPoint::getAddresss() const { return address; }

void EndPoint::setCity(const string& cityInfo) {
    city = cityInfo;
}

string EndPoint::getCity() const { return city; }

void EndPoint::setState(const string& stateInfo) {
    state = stateInfo;
}

string EndPoint::getState() const { return state; }

void EndPoint::setZip(int zipInfo) {
    zip = zipInfo;
}

int EndPoint::getZip() const {
    return zip;
}

string EndPoint::toString() const {
    ostringstream output;
    output << fixed << setprecision(2); // two digits of precision   
    output << name << "\n" << address << "\n" <<
        city << ", " << state << " " << zip;
    return output.str();
}
string EndPoint::getState() const { return state; }
Package::Package(const string& senderInfo, const string& receiverInfo, double weightInfo, double costPerOzInfo) {
    sender = senderInfo; // should validate                              
    receiver = receiverInfo; // should validate                                
    weight = weightInfo; // should validate                     
    costPerOz = costPerOzInfo;
}


void Package::setSender(const string& senderInfo) {
    sender = senderInfo; // should validate
}


string Package::getSender() const { return sender; }


void Package::setReceiver(const string& receiverInfo) {
    receiver = receiverInfo; // should validate
}


string Package::getReceiver() const { return receiver; }



void Package::setWeight(double weightInfo) {
    if (weightInfo < 0.0) {
        throw invalid_argument("The package weight must be >= 0.0");
    }

    weight = weightInfo;
}


double Package::getWeight() const { return weight; }


void Package::setCostPerOz(double costPerOzInfo) {

    costPerOz = costPerOzInfo;
}


double Package::getCostPerOz() const {
    return costPerOz;
}


double Package::calculateCost() const {
    return weight * costPerOz;
}


string Package::toString() const {
    ostringstream output;
    output << fixed << setprecision(2); // two digits of precision   
    output << "From:\n" << sender << "\n\nTo:\n" << receiver << 
        "\n\nWeight: " << weight << endl <<
        "\nShipping cost: " << calculateCost();
    return output.str();
}

主文件

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include "stdafx.h"
//#include "TwoDayPackage.h"
//#include "OvernightPackage.h"
#include "Package.h"
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    // Three address records.

    EndPoint homer{ "Homer Simpson", "742 Evergreen Terrace", "Springfield",
        "FL", 32401 };

    EndPoint donald{ "Donald Duck", "1313 Webfoot Walk", "Duckburg",
        "CA", 95501};

    EndPoint kermit{ "Kermit Frog", "On the Swamp", "Leland", "MS", 38756 };

    // This calls the base class constructor (regular fee).

    Package regular{ homer, donald, 25.0, 0.20 };

    // Defines output precision for floating point numbers (iomanip).

    cout << fixed << setprecision(2);

    // Prints package parameters.

    cout << "Regular package processed." << endl;
    cout << regular.toString();
    cout << "Shipping Cost: $" << regular.calculateCost() << endl << endl;

    // First derived class (two-day fee added).

    /* TwoDayPackage twoday{ donald, kermit, 17.5, 0.20, 2.0 };

    cout << "Two-day package processed." << endl;
    cout << twoday.toString();
    cout << "Shipping Cost: $" << twoday.calculateCost() << endl << endl;

    // Second derived class (overnight fee added).

    OvernightPackage overnight{ kermit, homer, 14.2, 0.20, 0.50 };

    cout << "Overnight package processed." << endl;
    cout << overnight.toString();
    cout << "Shipping Cost: $" << overnight.calculateCost() << endl << endl;
    */
    }

我在这里注释掉了代码块，因为我试图让第一部分工作，然后再深入研究其余部分。

编辑：

谢谢大家的建议！我进行了一些编辑并删除了大量额外的代码（getter 和 setter。我用 java 学习了......），并且我已经让程序按预期编译和工作，除了一个小但重要的问题。

score 1 · Accepted Answer

没有构造函数“Package::Package”的实例与参数列表参数类型匹配：(EndPoint, EndPoint, double, double)

在您的代码中：
Package regular{ homer, donald, 25.0, 0.20 };
您将错误的变量传递给构造函数的参数，这是第一个和第二个参数的 Endpoint 对象

你所拥有的是：

Package(const std::string&, const std::string&, double = 0.0, double = 0.0);

它接受一个 std::string 对象作为第一个和第二个参数。

无法从“初始化列表”转换为“包”

解决问题 1 将解决此问题

我不知道为什么你会得到第三个，因为你的主文件中有 iomanip

c++ - 关于具有多个类和标头的运输程序中的继承、隐私和对象的 C++ 问题

1 回答 1

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