编辑:虽然这篇文章是Django 的 ModelForm unique_together validation 的副本,但这里接受的从 ModelForm 中删除“排除”的答案比其他问题中接受的答案要干净得多。
这是对这个问题的跟进。
如果我没有明确检查 clean_title() 函数中的 unique_together 约束,django 会抛出异常:
/journal/journal/4 处的 IntegrityError
重复键值违反唯一约束“journal_journal_owner_id_key”
请求方法:POST
请求网址: http://localhost:8000/journal/journal/4
异常类型:IntegrityError
异常值:重复键值违反唯一约束“journal_journal_owner_id_key”
异常位置:/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py 在执行中,第 19 行
但是,我的印象是 Django 会通过引发 ValidationError 很好地强制执行此约束,而不是我需要捕获的异常。
下面是我的代码,其中包含我用作解决方法的附加 clean_title() 方法。但我想知道我做错了什么,以至于 django 没有以预期的方式执行约束。
谢谢。
型号代码:
class Journal (models.Model):
owner = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='journals')
title = models.CharField(null=False, max_length=256)
published = models.BooleanField(default=False)
class Meta:
unique_together = ("owner", "title")
def __unicode__(self):
return self.title
表格代码:
class JournalForm (ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = models.Journal
exclude = ('owner',)
html_input = forms.CharField(label=u'Journal Content:', widget=TinyMCE(attrs={'cols':'85', 'rows':'40'}, ), )
def clean_title(self):
title = self.cleaned_data['title']
if self.instance.id:
if models.Journal.objects.filter(owner=self.instance.owner, title=title).exclude(id=self.instance.id).count() > 0:
raise forms.ValidationError(u'You already have a Journal with that title. Please change your title so it is unique.')
else:
if models.Journal.objects.filter(owner=self.instance.owner, title=title).count() > 0:
raise forms.ValidationError(u'You already have a Journal with that title. Please change your title so it is unique.')
return title
查看代码:
def journal (request, id=''):
if not request.user.is_active:
return _handle_login(request)
owner = request.user
try:
if request.method == 'GET':
if '' == id:
form = forms.JournalForm(instance=owner)
return shortcuts.render_to_response('journal/Journal.html', { 'form':form, })
journal = models.Journal.objects.get(id=id)
if request.user.id != journal.owner.id:
return http.HttpResponseForbidden('<h1>Access denied</h1>')
data = {
'title' : journal.title,
'html_input' : _journal_fields_to_HTML(journal.id),
'published' : journal.published
}
form = forms.JournalForm(data, instance=journal)
return shortcuts.render_to_response('journal/Journal.html', { 'form':form, })
elif request.method == 'POST':
if LOGIN_FORM_KEY in request.POST:
return _handle_login(request)
else:
if '' == id:
journal = models.Journal()
journal.owner = owner
else:
journal = models.Journal.objects.get(id=id)
form = forms.JournalForm(data=request.POST, instance=journal)
if form.is_valid():
journal.owner = owner
journal.title = form.cleaned_data['title']
journal.published = form.cleaned_data['published']
journal.save()
if _HTML_to_journal_fields(journal, form.cleaned_data['html_input']):
html_memo = "Save successful."
else:
html_memo = "Unable to save Journal."
return shortcuts.render_to_response('journal/Journal.html', { 'form':form, 'saved':html_memo})
else:
return shortcuts.render_to_response('journal/Journal.html', { 'form':form })
return http.HttpResponseNotAllowed(['GET', 'POST'])
except models.Journal.DoesNotExist:
return http.HttpResponseNotFound('<h1>Requested journal not found</h1>')
更新工作代码: 感谢 Daniel Roseman。
型号代码与上面相同。
表单代码 - 删除排除语句和 clean_title 函数:
class JournalForm (ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = models.Journal
html_input = forms.CharField(label=u'Journal Content:', widget=TinyMCE(attrs={'cols':'85', 'rows':'40'},),)
查看代码 - 添加自定义唯一性错误消息:
def journal (request, id=''):
if not request.user.is_active:
return _handle_login(request)
try:
if '' != id:
journal = models.Journal.objects.get(id=id)
if request.user.id != journal.owner.id:
return http.HttpResponseForbidden('<h1>Access denied</h1>')
if request.method == 'GET':
if '' == id:
form = forms.JournalForm()
else:
form = forms.JournalForm(initial={'html_input':_journal_fields_to_HTML(journal.id)},instance=journal)
return shortcuts.render_to_response('journal/Journal.html', { 'form':form, })
elif request.method == 'POST':
if LOGIN_FORM_KEY in request.POST:
return _handle_login(request)
data = request.POST.copy()
data['owner'] = request.user.id
if '' == id:
form = forms.JournalForm(data)
else:
form = forms.JournalForm(data, instance=journal)
if form.is_valid():
journal = form.save()
if _HTML_to_journal_fields(journal, form.cleaned_data['html_input']):
html_memo = "Save successful."
else:
html_memo = "Unable to save Journal."
return shortcuts.render_to_response('journal/Journal.html', { 'form':form, 'saved':html_memo})
else:
if form.unique_error_message:
err_message = u'You already have a Lab Journal with that title. Please change your title so it is unique.'
else:
err_message = form.errors
return shortcuts.render_to_response('journal/Journal.html', { 'form':form, 'error_message':err_message})
return http.HttpResponseNotAllowed(['GET', 'POST'])
except models.Journal.DoesNotExist:
return http.HttpResponseNotFound('<h1>Requested journal not found</h1>')