ruby-on-rails - Errno::EACCES：权限被拒绝 - /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-16/2.0.0/sqlite3-1.3.12/gem_make.out

Question

我一直在尝试开始我的一个新项目，但我在使用 Rails 时遇到了一些问题。

我首先说我使用的是 macOS Sierra 10.12 和 Xcode 版本 8.0 (8A218a)。

当我在设计的目录中写入rails new projectname时，它发生如下：

rails new hello_app
  create  
  create  README.rdoc
  create  Rakefile
  create  config.ru
  create  .gitignore
  create  Gemfile
  create  app
  create  app/assets/javascripts/application.js
  create  app/assets/stylesheets/application.css
  create  app/controllers/application_controller.rb
  create  app/helpers/application_helper.rb
  create  app/views/layouts/application.html.erb
  create  app/assets/images/.keep
  create  app/mailers/.keep
  create  app/models/.keep
  create  app/controllers/concerns/.keep
  create  app/models/concerns/.keep
  create  bin
  create  bin/bundle
  create  bin/rails
  create  bin/rake
  create  bin/setup
  create  config
  create  config/routes.rb
  create  config/application.rb
  create  config/environment.rb
  create  config/secrets.yml
  create  config/environments
  create  config/environments/development.rb
  create  config/environments/production.rb
  create  config/environments/test.rb
  create  config/initializers
  create  config/initializers/assets.rb
  create  config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
  create  config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
  create  config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
  create  config/initializers/inflections.rb
  create  config/initializers/mime_types.rb
  create  config/initializers/session_store.rb
  create  config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
  create  config/locales
  create  config/locales/en.yml
  create  config/boot.rb
  create  config/database.yml
  create  db
  create  db/seeds.rb
  create  lib
  create  lib/tasks
  create  lib/tasks/.keep
  create  lib/assets
  create  lib/assets/.keep
  create  log
  create  log/.keep
  create  public
  create  public/404.html
  create  public/422.html
  create  public/500.html
  create  public/favicon.ico
  create  public/robots.txt
  create  test/fixtures
  create  test/fixtures/.keep
  create  test/controllers
  create  test/controllers/.keep
  create  test/mailers
  create  test/mailers/.keep
  create  test/models
  create  test/models/.keep
  create  test/helpers
  create  test/helpers/.keep
  create  test/integration
  create  test/integration/.keep
  create  test/test_helper.rb
  create  tmp/cache
  create  tmp/cache/assets
  create  vendor/assets/javascripts
  create  vendor/assets/javascripts/.keep
  create  vendor/assets/stylesheets
  create  vendor/assets/stylesheets/.keep
     run  bundle install
Ignoring ffi-1.9.14 because its extensions are not built.  Try: gem pristine ffi --version 1.9.14


Your user account isn't allowed to install to the system Rubygems.
You can cancel this installation and run:

  bundle install --path vendor/bundle

to install the gems into ./vendor/bundle/, or you can enter your
password
and install the bundled gems to Rubygems using sudo.

Password: 
Fetching gem metadata from ht.tps://rubygems.org/...........
Fetching version metadata from https://rubygems.org/...
Fetching dependency metadata from https://rubygems.org/..
Resolving dependencies.......
Using rake 11.3.0
Using i18n 0.7.0
Using json 1.8.3
Using minitest 5.9.1
Using thread_safe 0.3.5
Using builder 3.2.2
Using erubis 2.7.0
Using mini_portile2 2.1.0
Using rack 1.6.4
Using mime-types-data 3.2016.0521
Using arel 6.0.3
Using debug_inspector 0.0.2
Using bundler 1.11.2
Installing byebug 9.0.6 with native extensions

Errno::EACCES: Permission denied -      /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-16/2.0.0/byebug-  9.0.6/gem_make.out
Using coffee-script-source 1.10.0
Using execjs 2.7.0
Using thor 0.19.1
Using concurrent-ruby 1.0.2
Using multi_json 1.12.1
Using sass 3.4.22
Using tilt 2.0.5
Installing sqlite3 1.3.12 with native extensions

Errno::EACCES: Permission denied - /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-16/2.0.0/sqlite3-1.3.12/gem_make.out
Using turbolinks-source 5.0.0
Using rdoc 4.2.2
Using tzinfo 1.2.2
Installing nokogiri 1.6.8.1 with native extensions

Errno::EACCES: Permission denied - /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-16/2.0.0/nokogiri-1.6.8.1/gem_make.out
Using rack-test 0.6.3
Using mime-types 3.1
Using binding_of_caller 0.7.2
An error occurred while installing byebug (9.0.6), and Bundler cannot   continue.
Make sure that `gem install byebug -v '9.0.6'` succeeds before bundling.
     run  bundle exec spring binstub --all
* bin/rake: spring inserted
* bin/rails: spring inserted

我尝试了一些解决方案，但没有奏效。首先：

忽略 ffi-1.9.14，因为它的扩展没有构建。试试： gem pristine ffi --version 1.9.14

是不是重要？我该如何解决？

然后我有你能看到的所有错误，你知道我该如何找到解决方案吗？

重要的是，这些解决方案不会在使所有项目在其他类 unix 机器上运行时产生问题，因为它是一个小组工作。

非常感谢您。

编辑：

即使使用sudo rails new helloapp 也会出现问题。此外，如果没有 root 权限，我什么都做不了，那真是一团糟。

我通过这一行手动安装了 byebug、nokogiri 和 ffi：

sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin gemname

这是结果：

rails new toyapp
      create  
      create  README.rdoc
      create  Rakefile
      create  config.ru
      create  .gitignore
      create  Gemfile
      create  app
      create  app/assets/javascripts/application.js
      create  app/assets/stylesheets/application.css
      create  app/controllers/application_controller.rb
      create  app/helpers/application_helper.rb
      create  app/views/layouts/application.html.erb
      create  app/assets/images/.keep
      create  app/mailers/.keep
      create  app/models/.keep
      create  app/controllers/concerns/.keep
      create  app/models/concerns/.keep
      create  bin
      create  bin/bundle
      create  bin/rails
      create  bin/rake
      create  bin/setup
      create  config
      create  config/routes.rb
      create  config/application.rb
      create  config/environment.rb
      create  config/secrets.yml
      create  config/environments
      create  config/environments/development.rb
      create  config/environments/production.rb
      create  config/environments/test.rb
      create  config/initializers
      create  config/initializers/assets.rb
      create  config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
      create  config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
      create  config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
      create  config/initializers/inflections.rb
      create  config/initializers/mime_types.rb
      create  config/initializers/session_store.rb
      create  config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
      create  config/locales
      create  config/locales/en.yml
      create  config/boot.rb
      create  config/database.yml
      create  db
      create  db/seeds.rb
      create  lib
      create  lib/tasks
      create  lib/tasks/.keep
      create  lib/assets
      create  lib/assets/.keep
      create  log
      create  log/.keep
      create  public
      create  public/404.html
      create  public/422.html
      create  public/500.html
      create  public/favicon.ico
      create  public/robots.txt
      create  test/fixtures
      create  test/fixtures/.keep
      create  test/controllers
      create  test/controllers/.keep
      create  test/mailers
      create  test/mailers/.keep
      create  test/models
      create  test/models/.keep
      create  test/helpers
      create  test/helpers/.keep
      create  test/integration
      create  test/integration/.keep
      create  test/test_helper.rb
      create  tmp/cache
      create  tmp/cache/assets
      create  vendor/assets/javascripts
      create  vendor/assets/javascripts/.keep
      create  vendor/assets/stylesheets
      create  vendor/assets/stylesheets/.keep
         run  bundle install
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/...........
Fetching version metadata from https://rubygems.org/...
Fetching dependency metadata from https://rubygems.org/..
Resolving dependencies.....
Using rake 11.3.0
Using i18n 0.7.0
Using json 1.8.3
Using minitest 5.9.1
Using thread_safe 0.3.5
Using builder 3.2.2
Using erubis 2.7.0
Using mini_portile2 2.1.0
Using rack 1.6.4
Using mime-types-data 3.2016.0521
Using arel 6.0.3
Using debug_inspector 0.0.2
Using bundler 1.11.2
Using byebug 9.0.6
Using coffee-script-source 1.10.0
Using execjs 2.7.0
Using thor 0.19.1
Using concurrent-ruby 1.0.2
Using multi_json 1.12.1
Using sass 3.4.22
Using tilt 2.0.5
Using sqlite3 1.3.12
Using turbolinks-source 5.0.0
Using rdoc 4.2.2
Using tzinfo 1.2.2
Using nokogiri 1.6.8.1
Using rack-test 0.6.3
Using mime-types 3.1
Using binding_of_caller 0.7.2
Using coffee-script 2.4.1
Using uglifier 3.0.2
Using sprockets 3.7.0
Using turbolinks 5.0.1
Using sdoc 0.4.2
Using activesupport 4.2.6
Using loofah 2.0.3
Using mail 2.6.4
Using rails-deprecated_sanitizer 1.0.3
Using globalid 0.3.7
Using activemodel 4.2.6
Using jbuilder 2.6.0
Using spring 2.0.0
Using rails-html-sanitizer 1.0.3
Using rails-dom-testing 1.0.7
Using activejob 4.2.6
Using activerecord 4.2.6
Using actionview 4.2.6
Using actionpack 4.2.6
Using actionmailer 4.2.6
Using railties 4.2.6
Using sprockets-rails 3.2.0
Using coffee-rails 4.1.1
Using jquery-rails 4.2.1
Using rails 4.2.6
Using sass-rails 5.0.6
Using web-console 2.3.0
Bundle complete! 12 Gemfile dependencies, 56 gems now installed.
Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.
         run  bundle exec spring binstub --all
* bin/rake: spring inserted
* bin/rails: spring inserted

现在一切都应该好了，对吗？

score 0 · Accepted Answer

“您的用户帐户不允许安装到系统 Rubygems”。这意味着您没有 gems 安装目录的写入权限。sudo gem install <gem_name> 使用或说安装 gems（日志中有错误）sudo bundle install

ruby-on-rails - Errno::EACCES：权限被拒绝 - /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-16/2.0.0/sqlite3-1.3.12/gem_make.out

1 回答 1

Related

Reference